Erasmus Plus - after the meeting in Turkey , December 2015

1. Tlos

6. As one of the six principal cities of Lycia (and one of the most powerful), Tlos once bore the title
under the Roman empire of 'the very brilliant metropolis of the Lycian nation'. It is one of the
oldest and largest settlements of Lycia (known as 'Tlawa' in Lycian inscriptions) and was eventually
inhabited by Ottoman Turks, one of the few Lycian cities to continue it existance through the 19th
century. There is evidence that Tlos was a member of the Lycian Federation from the 2nd century
BC. Two wealthy philanthropists, one of which was Opramoas of Rhodiapolis, were responsible for
much of the building in the 2nd century AD. Inscriptions tell us that the citizens were divided into
demes, the names of three of them are known: Bellerophon, Iobates and Sarpedon, famous Lycian
legendary heroes. A Jewish community is also known to have existed with its own magistrates.
http://www.lycianturkey.com/lycian_sites/tlos.htm
Hierapolis

8. Hierapolis is an exceptional example of a Greco-Roman thermal installation established on an
extraordinary natural site. The therapeutic virtues of the waters were exploited at the various
thermal installations, which included immense hot basins and pools for swimming. Hydrotherapy
was accompanied by religious practices, which developed in relation to local cults. The Temple of
Apollo, which includes several Chtonian divinities, was erected on a geological fault from which
noxious vapours escaped. The theatre, which dates from the time of Severus, is decorated with an
admirable frieze depicting a ritual procession and a sacrifice to the Ephesian Artemis. The
necropolis, which extends over 2 kilometres, affords a vast panorama of the funerary practices of
the Greco - Roman era.
http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/485
Roman Theatre
One of the finest buildings in Hierapolis is a theater built in the third century AD,
during the reign of the Roman emperor Septimius Severus. The building stands on the
site pre-existing theater of the Emperor Hadrian (second century AD). Its construction
also used the building blocks derived from destroyed by the earthquake one of the
Hellenistic theater, located in the northern part of the city.
http://turcjawsandalach.pl/content/hierapolis

9. Nymphaeum - a magnificent building that is a monumental fountain, which is also a
sanctuary dedicated to nymphs, standing in the ruins of the Temple of Apollo, in the
holy district of Hierapolis. This nymphaeum, built in the second century AD, supplied
drinking water to homes in the city, through a system of pipes connected with it.
http://www.tambylscy.pl/hierapolis-starozytne-uzdrowisko/
Ghost Town. Livissi/ Kayaköy village
Roman
Theatre
Nymphaeum

13. Kayaköy Is a village 8 km south of Fethiye in southwestern Turkey. In ancient times it
was a city of Lycia, Later, Anatolian Greeks lived there until approximately 1922. The ghost town,
now preserved as a museum village, consists of hundreds of rundown but still mostly standing
Greek-style houses and churches which cover a small mountainside and serve as a stopping place
for tourists visiting Fethiye and nearby Ölüdeniz.
Its population in 1900 was about 2,000, almost all Greek Christians; however, it is now empty
except for tour groups and roadside vendors selling handmade goods. However, there is a selection
of houses which have been restored, and are currently occupied.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kayak%C3%B6y
Fethiye

16. Fethiye is a tourist town with an international atmosphere. It has an excellent marina and good
night life. The town also serves as an excellent base for touring the inland country-side, and is
probably the only city in the world where you'll find sarcophagus in the streets. These pre-Roman
Lycian relics are especially spectacular when floodlit at night. The town has a population of around
50,000 but the population increases dramatically during the high season, from April to end of
October, when off-shore residents spend their summers at their second homes.
In 1958 an earthquake levelled the seaside city of Fethiye, sparing only the remains of the ancient
city of Telmessos. More than half a century on and it is once again a prosperous hub of the western
Mediterranean, and also a major base for gület (Turkish yacht) cruises. Despite its booming growth,
Fethiye is incredibly low-key for its size, due mostly to the restrictions on high-rise buildings and
the transitory nature of the gület business, which brings travellers flocking here April through to
October.
Fethiye's natural harbour is perhaps the region's finest, tucked away in the southern reaches of a
broad bay scattered with pretty islands, in particular Şövalye Adası, glimpsed briefly in the James
Bond film Skyfall. About 15km south is Ölüdeniz, one of Turkey's seaside hot spots, and the
surrounding countryside has many interesting sites to explore, including the ghost town of Kayaköy
(or Karmylassos), waiting patiently and in silence just over the hill.
http://wikitravel.org/en/Fethiye
http://www.lonelyplanet.com/turkey/mediterranean-coast/fethiye/introduction
Museum in Fethiye

20. The Fethiye Museum is a delightful museum, located off the main street in the center of town next
to a school. It has many Lycian artifacts, some of which were found during the excavations of
Fethiye (ancient Telmessos).
Exhibits include Lycian pieces from the Bronze, Archaic, Hellenistic and Roman ages and from
Byzantine times. There are coins from various periods, pre-historical and historical ornaments,
statues, busts etc. Also pieces of a tomb from Tlos, grave steles, offering altars, jewelry, bronze
pieces, amphorae, column pedestals and capitals and earthenware vases. One very significant find
displayed here is the very important 'Trilingual Stele' from Letoon, bearing inscriptions in Greek,
Lycian and Aramaic, which is crucial in the deciphering of the Lycian language. There is also a
separate ethnographic section with pieces from the Menteşe and Ottoman times. Outside the
museum is an open-air gallery with many interesting pieces. http://www.lycianturkey.com/fethiye-
museum.htm
Xanthos

25. Xanthos, "Harpy Tomb"
Xanthos was the capital city of the Lycian Federation and its greatest city for most of Lycian
history. It was made famous to the Western world in the 19th century by its British discoverer
Charles Fellows. It is very old - finds date back to the 8th century BC, but it is possible that the
site may have existed during the Bronze Age or during the first centuries of the Iron Age
Xanthos and Letoon are often seen as a "double-site", since the two were closely linked and Letoon
was administered by Xanthos. Letoon was the sacred cult center of Lycia, located less than 10 km to
the south of Xanthos. Xanthos-Letoon is one of the most remarkable archaeological sites in Turkey.
For this reason, it has been registered in the UNESCO World Heritage Sites list. Currently there is a
French team excavating Xanthos and Letoon. http://www.lycianturkey.com/lycian_sites/xanthos.htm
Materials prepared by students from Gimnazjum no1 in Piekoszow, POLAND
Paulina Stępień, Katarzyna Jarosińska, Katarzyna Zapała, Kamil Kumański, Alan Stępień