2.  In Mesopotamia it is either very
(1) DRY or the Tigris and
Euphrates Rivers (2) FLOOD.
 Humans needed a way to
control the rivers’ flow.
 The answer is (3) IRRIGATION!
 (4) IRRIGATION:
SUPPLYING THE LAND
WITH WATER BY USING
CANALS
 People built (5) IRRIGATION
SYSTEMS using dams and
canals to control river water.

3.  Irrigation increased the (5) AMOUNT of
food farmers were able to grow.
 Farmers created a (6) SURPLUS of food.
 Surplus – (7) MORE THAN WHAT IS
NEEDED
 Because farming was so productive, many
people were free to (7) PURSUE OTHER
JOBS .

4.  Most people became (8) ARTISANS .
 Artisans – workers who are especially skilled in (9)
CRAFTING ITEMS BY HAND
 By 3000BC people learned to mix (10) COPPER AND
TIN to make bronze from melting rocks.
 This led to the (11) BRONZE AGE
 Bronze was used to make durable
weapons, tools, helmets and shields.

5.  Because of surplus, the human population (12)
EXPLODED.
 In 8000BC there were (13) 5 MILLION people on
Earth.
 By 5000BC, the population was (13) 20 MILLION.
 Towns grew larger and eventually became cities.
 (14) PUBLIC BUILDINGS for storing grain and religion
were built.
 Public (15) MARKETS existed for buying and selling
goods.
 By (16) 3000BCE, cities existed all over southern
Mesopotamia.