Ici final project

ICI | Final Project | Construction Proposal Report | CHIN KHANG WEI | WONG QIN KAI
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School of Architecture • Building • Design | FNBE AUG 2014 | Taylor’s University Lakeside Campus
FNBE August Intake 2014
Introduction to Construction Industry
Final Project Report
Wong Qin Kai (0320024) – Proposal 1
Chin Khang Wei (0320728) – Proposal 2
Project Category: Commercial Area

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Small Construction Project on an empty land
Introduction of the project:
This is our final project in Introduction to Construction Industry (ICI). In these projects, we are
required to pair up with another to complete this project. This project involves the design, funding
and construction of a small construction project on a 30m x 30m empty land within Malaysia. In this
project, we can experience the role of different specialist such as the architecture, quantity
surveyor, engineer and developer that work in a construction project. Besides, we can have a
clearer mind on the procedure involve getting project approval from the local authority.
Description of the site
The site we choose is situated at JalanDeshon,96000 Sibu Sarawak. The site of land is
around 30m x 40m. Actually this site is a bare land which abandoned 2 years ago as
the price of it is too expensive. We feel that this site hasunlimitedhidden potential as
it is surrounded by residential area and there is a lot of people passing around this
siteevery day. Furthermore, this site is found in Sibu which is the capital of Sarawak
and has the densest population in the state.
(refer to appendix for more picture on the site)

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Site Location:
Site Analysis –Observation on the site
The site we choose is only a bare land with lots of weeds, trees, and domestic rubbish
as well. The residents nearby use this land as a temporary car park for their car. We
The site of our landThe zoomed out view of our land

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also found out that the soil structure there is a bit soft. The land we selected is totally
flat and has no slope on it, hence the site don’t have topography on it.
Site Analysis –Amenities of the site
There are two amenities found within 1 km from the site, which is:
 The Shopping Mall – Delta Mall is from 590m from the site.
 Methodist Church –Hwai Ang Methodist Church is 340.57m from the site.

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Site Analysis – Microclimate and Air Circulation on the site
Site Analysis –Situation and condition on the site
Since the land we chosen is situated in the middle of the residential area, hence
there is no traffic congestion around this area. The noise level here is also low which
shows a reading of below 40 dB at all time. A portion of the site is sometimes
occupied by the elders to do exercise and the children are there as well for outdoor
activities.
Prospective Value of the Site
After doing site analysis, we found out that there is no any recreational area around
the town. There is also limited commercial area within the walk-able range around
the area.
Furthermore, since the site is surrounded by residential area, the residents there will
become the potential customers and visitors to our newly proposed area.

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Proposal 1: Commercial Area
What is Commercial Area?
Commercial area is used for commercial activities. It included the buying and
selling of goods and services in retail businesses, wholesale buying and selling,
and financial establishments that are widely known as "business".
Commercialactivities use only a small amount of land but they are extremely
important to a community’s economy. Commercial activities are used to making
money & profits and provide jobs for them.
Examples of commercial area
 Café
 Shopping complex
 Bank
 Stationery shop
 Dining area
 Services station
 Office complex
 Warehouse
 Airport
 Business park

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Types of buildings that had chosen
Suggestion: Dining Area
Rationale:
After buying the requirement they can have dinner at here directly. Inside the caf
é also provide some ATM to cope with lack of money. They provide western foods,
northern foods and some vegetarian diets.
Decoration:
White colour is the theme colour in this café.It looked luxury and newness.In
front of the café also provide a vintage car for customer to take picture

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Zoning Of the Construction Project
Prospective View

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Perspective View
Ground Level
Upper Level

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Material used in the construction
Object :Bean bed
Quantity:10
Rationale: The bean bag chair is the best
ergonomic furniture as it can improve our
incorrect sitting postures. It’s also comfortable
than other normal chairs.
Object: Reading Sofa
Quantity: 5
Rationale: A space for student and senior
citizens to read the books and
newspaper.It also can use to relax.

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Object :Dinner Sofa
Quantity:30
Rationale: Good design for family to gather and
having their dinner,it also comfortable than other
normal dinner table.
Object : Decoration plants
Quantity: 20
Rationale: Put them around the café. It is easy
to maintain. It also can indicate the beauty of
the café and attract people to come.
Object: Water lily Light
Quantity: 20
Rationale: It looked luxury and romantic .It also
can save the electricity. The cost of it is very
reasonable.

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Object : Drawer Cabinet
Quantity : 2
Rationale: Use to put all the spoons
&forks.Toensure no occupy too much
space.It can collect variouskind of
things.
Object :Stair
Quantity : 1
Rational : It looked luxury and unique so we
decided to choose this stair for our café. It
uses to connect ground level and upper level.
It looked simply and also spacious.
Object :Wall Light
Quantity :20
Rationale : After consulted, we had decided to
choose this wall light as when in night ,it can provide
a beautiful effects which really makes people feel
relax and comfortable. It also save energy.

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Object : Tree
Quantity: 5
Rationale: Plant it around the ground level to
ensure it can provide enough sunlight for our
dining area.It also can provide fresh air and
help us to withstand the sunlight and wind.
Object : Shrub
Quantity :10
Rationale: Plant it on upper level .It looked
cute and beautiful and also can indicate how
beautiful of the café.

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Construction details of staircase.

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Costing
Bill of Materials
Item Rate(RM) Quantity Amount
HARDSCAPE WORK
Bean Beg 250 10 2,500
Reading Sofa 500 5 2,500
Dinner Sofa 300 30 9,000
Decoration Plant 200 20 4,000
Water lily Light
Drawer Cabinet
Stair
Wall Light
150
700
4,000
200
20
2
1
20
3,000
1,400
4,000
4,000
SOFTSCAPE WORK
Tree 120 5 600
Shrub 80 10 800
Total 6,500 123 31,800
Bill of Maintenance(Monthly)
Item Rate (RM) Quantity Amount
Cleaner 2,000 4 8,000
Waitress 3,000 15 45,000
Security 800 4 3,200
Workers 1,200 4 4,800
Total 7,000 27 61,000

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Proposal 2: Commercial Area
Reasons:
The reasons on why we proposed a commercial areathere mainly because the selected land is surrounded by
the residents. Based on our site visit, there is no any commercial building available on the selected area. We
feel that there is hidden potential to attract the residents and as well as the people outside to this site if we
develop this land as commercial area.
Suggestion:
We propose to build a big food court that can house about 500 people at the same time.To fully utilize the
land, the building is built in 2-storey where the ground floor serve as the food court and the second floor
serve as family entertainment centre and gym centre. The food court will be an open-aired one where the
customers can enjoy their meals under the sky. An open-air food court at the same time will also become
the main attraction for the food court. There will also be some shop lots built around the food court for the
convenience of the customers here.
Project Objectives:
The project needs to be able to respond to the aims of the client and should be able to embody and deliver
the following objective and characteristics:
 People can enjoy their meal in comfortable space.
 Provide a green view on the area.
 Give convenience to the residents nearby.
 Develop the area near the selected land.
 Fully utilize the bare and empty land.
 Does not cause disturbance to the residential area.
 Provide job opportunity.
 Provide a space for community to get closer to each other.
 Produce higher complexity, safety level, and attractiveness to the area.

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Proposed zoning of the food court: Proposed floor plan of the food court:
Ideas of the proposed food court:
1) Proposed Car Park
The car park is landscape with trees, and shrubs. The parking lot is in standard size of 3.5m x 6m. The road
for the car park will be around 4m wide which can make 2 cars passes on the same time. There will be one
entrance on North-East, one exit on East-Southand a one-way road for the cars. This design is similar to the
petrol stations to reduce the traffic congestion.
Car Park
Hawker Stalls
Toilets
Grassed car-park Grass Landscaped Car Park

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2) Proposed First Floor
The food court will be the open-aired. The roof of the food court can be slide to open or close when
necessary with the mechanism as shown. The area of floors on the top around the dining space is removed
so that the people dining there can directly look up to the sky when the roof is opened. Furthermore, we will
build a mini water fountain on the centre to become a side attraction for the food court. Blossom of flower,
shrubs and trees will be planted around the food court as well.
3) Proposed Second Floor
The floor plan of the second floor will be in “U”-shaped. This is because the area in the middle floor is
removed so that people on the ground floor able to look up to the sky without any blockage. The “U”-shaped
second floor is separated into left wing and right wing. The left wing serves as the family entertainment
centre where there are karaoke, snooker, cyber café and other facilities provided. On the right wing, we
proposed to build a gym centre. The wall of the second floor will be the glasses one to give a larger space
feel by the people.
Prospective view of the food courtProspective view of the hawker stall
Area of floors on the top around the dining space is removed The view of second floor from the ground floor

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Proposed materials used for the project:
We proposed two different type of building materials for this project and are up to client’s choice.
a) Steel and prefabrication
Steel building is a metal structure fabricated with steel for the internal support and for exterior cladding, as
opposed to steel framed buildings which generally use other materials for floors, walls, and external
envelope. Whereas in prefabricated construction, only the foundations are constructed on the site, while
sections of walls, floors and roof are prefabricated (assembled) in a factory (possibly with window and door
frames included), transported to the site, lifted into place by a crane and bolted together.
Our first proposal of the structure of the roof and the wall of the food court will be this steel and
prefabrication.
Compare to the other building materials, steel provides several advantages such as:
 Steel is a "green" product; it is structurally sound and manufactured to strict specifications and
tolerances. It is also energy efficient. Any excess material is 100% recyclable.
 Steel does not warp, buckle, twist or bend, and is therefore easy to modify and offers design
flexibility. Steel is also easy to install.
 Steel is cost effective and rarely fluctuates in price.
 Steel allows for improved quality of construction and less maintenance, while offering improved
safety and resistance.
 With the propagation of mold and mildew in residential buildings, using steel minimizes these
infestations. Mold needs moist, porous material to grow. Steel studs do not have those problems.
 Reducing the amount of emissions in the concrete manufacturing process.
b) Reinforcement concrete
Reinforced concrete is a composite material in which concrete's relatively low tensile
strength and ductility are counteracted by the inclusion of reinforcement having higher tensile strength and
ductility.
The second choices will be this reinforcement concrete. Below are the advantages and
disadvantages using reinforced concrete:
The structure layout with steel Process involving fabrication method

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Advantages
 Require very low maintenance
 Able to mould to any shape required.
 It is very durable and fire resistant
Disadvantages
 Failure in concrete structures can occur during construction, pulling down the progression of
construction.
 Expensive
 Bad Ventilation
Ventilation of the proposed food court:
To build a food court, we understand that good air ventilation is necessary to comfort the people who have
their meals here. There is several way of air-ventilation in the food court which includes,
- Building a window near to the roof to create cross ventilation.
Fresh concrete being poured into a framework
containing steel rebar
Structure Layout using reinforced concrete
Proposed air ventilation system for the building

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- The main entrances and exits of the food court is not sealed and is totally open spaced (wall
removed) to ensure better air ventilation.
- Install industrial mist fan around the food court.
- Install exhausted fan on every hawker stall to suck out the smoke, fumes and oil from the cooking.
- There are several exits on the food court to improve the air flow in the food court
- Removes area of floors on the top around the dining space.
- The proposed food court will be an open-aired one. The rooftop of the food court can opened and
closed when necessary.
Industrial Mist Fan
Exhausted Fan
The concept of open air food makes it a desirable place for dining. But due to the climate in Malaysia, open
air food court is not likely to be built. The open air food court might keep the visitors unprotected from rain
and the frequency of the rainfall will even cause the food court unable to operate smoothly while
interrupting the visitors from enjoying their meal. During the daytime, the sunlight and the temperature will
also cause the visitor to feel uneasy when they are dining. The combination of these factors will be the big
flaws of open air food court. Therefore, a retraceable roof is introduced into the open air food court in order
to minimize the weakness of it. The retractable roof will be able protect the visitor from unnecessary
exposure to sunlight and rainwater. The retraceable roof will keep open when the weather is ideal to offer
the visitor the advantage of open air food court while keeping close when the weather is extreme.

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Green feature on the proposed food court:
To show a consideration in taking care of the nature, we also suggest the following:
- No air-conditioner will be used for the food court as using air-conditioner will release
Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) which causes the thinning of the ozone layer. We are confident that the air
ventilation work we proposed is enough to keep the food court cool and comfortable to the people
in there.
- Shrubs and trees are used to landscape the car park as well surrounding the food court. This
landscape will give a pleasant eye view to the people, separate the noise and smell between the
food court and the residential area around, as well as to act as a filter to clean the smoke and fumes
of cooking from the food court.
- We also suggest building a small garden on the rooftop of the food court which is open to the public.
By doing this, it can become another main attraction for the people to came and at the same time
fully utilizes the target land.
Residential Area
Vertical Screen
Proposed food court

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Technical issues on the proposed food court:
Issues Actions / Suggestions Reasons / Justifications
Car Park
 Clearly marked spaces. Avoid confusion.
 Providing diagonal 60o
spaces parking block. Easily parked spaces.
 One-way road on the car park.
For safety and reduce the congestion
of the road.
Lighting
 Use energy saving fluorescent lamp. Save energy.
 Use mirror reflector on the lamp holder.
Increase overall brightness by
reflection.
 Use warm white coloured lamp mixing with
orange coloured lamp.
Giving the people a bright surrounding
and at the same time relaxing
ambience.
Dining Spaces
 Every round table is about 48 inches in
diameter.
To provide spacious dining for at most
5 - 6pax of people
 There are about 30 inches of spaces between
the tables.
To provide sufficient spaces for people
to sit and walk round.
Wall of the
building
Inner wall: A layer of drywall is applied over the
existing wall and with viscos-elastic
coating.
To reduce the noise in the food court
spreading out to the residential area.
Outer wall: Painted with soft and dark colour
paint such as grey colour.
To reduce the glare and reflection
which causes heat to the residential
area.

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Justification and Comparison between Proposal
Similarities
 Proposed commercial area
 Embedded green feature in it
 Able to generate income
 Enhance the value of the site
 Bring convenience to the residents
Differences
Proposal 1 (Café) Proposal 2 (Food Court)
Cleaner and tidy environment Get dirty over time
Quiet and peaceful environment Noisy and heaving
Number of people is greatly limited, hence
not crowded
Can host up to 500 people, hence the place
will be very crowded
Increase aesthetics value of the area with
its luxury look
Big and bulky design of food court
Comparatively smaller building Comparatively bigger building
Have more spaces for parking lot The food court occupied more spaces,
hence not enough parking lot.
Rationale
We choose to initiate our site as a café based on several justifications and reasons,
such as:
 To minimize the disturbance to the residents when the commercial area operates.
 Avoid any possibilities that can cause traffic congestion on the area.
 Prefer a normal sized crowd in the area.
 Elegant and high-class view of the café.

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Overview
We provide a comfortable space for customers to have their meal in our café. In the
corner of the café, there is a reading area with a big reading sofa. Student can do
their assignments there while the people can read there while enjoying their coffee..
In the café, we have smoking zone, non-smoking zone and cyber room for customers.
Our café have 2 levels. The upper level is well-landscaped with plants and flowers
to give a romantic and relaxing view. This is a great place not only for couples dating;
as a hanging out spot with friends; and people can have their celebration event such
as birthday here.
Benefits
 The residents here will be more convenience to get their meal nearby their house.
 Provide jobs opportunity.
 Enhance the value of the place to make the city prospered anyway.
 Improve interactions between people.
 Attract outsider to this area.
 Provide a good venue for couples, a group of friends and for organizing events.
 Plants and trees planted there act as green lung to the area.
Impacts
 Residents disturbed by the lighting and noise from the café.
 Pollute the surrounding air by releasing smoke, fume and the oil in the air
 Sound pollution during the construction work.

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Project Constraints:
Time Constraint:
Task Expected Milestone
Project planning and design completed 18 September 2014
Approval from local authority obtained 15 December 2014
Project planning and design finalized 19 December 2014
Project Execution 22 December 2014
Project Completion 31 July 2015
Financial Constraint:
Minimum Wages Workers minimum wages is MYR 900.00
Expected Budget MYR 200,000 – MYR 230,000
Funding from Government - N/A -
Resources constraint:
Human Resources
Working Hour All workers can only work at maximum 7 hours per
day. Over-time (OT) will be counted in the extra
working time.
Equipment
Electrical power tool, chain or circular saw,
gas or air compressor, pneumatic power
tool, hammer and any other impacting tool
using hour.
Monday - Friday (8am-7pm)
Public Holidays and Weekends (9am – 7pm)
(The time should be follow at all time to minimize the
disturbance to the residential area)
Materials
Concrete and bricks Not allowed if the fall-height is more than 60cm

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Project Assumption:
Assumption Priority Impact Confidence
Obtained approval from local authority High High High
Funding from project sponsors Medium High High
Sufficient man-power High High Medium
Construction reached the expected milestones
and schedule
Medium Medium Medium
Material and equipment supply from provider High Medium High
Project Risk:
Risk Impact Probability Solution Suggested
Insufficient Budget High Low
Quantity Surveyor will provide the
latest budget planning and advices
from time to time
Failure to complete
on time
High Medium
The construction projects have to refer
and follow the project schedule
Insufficient Supply High Low
Cooperate with more than one sub-
contractor
Insufficient man-
power
High Medium
Majority of the workers have cooperate
before
Injuries and casualties
happen in the site
High High
Contractors have to ensure all the
workers follow the safety measure in
the site.

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Estimated Project Schedule
Phase
Nov-
2014
Dec-
2014
Jan-
2014
Feb-
2015
Mar-
2015
Apr-
2015
May-
2015
Jun-
2015
Jul-
2015
1 Apply for permit
Submission to local Authority
through OCS
Obtain Development Order
from Planning Department
Obtain Water Approval
Obtain Hoarding & Signboard
Approval
Obtain ROBO Bin Approval
Request Water Clearance
Water Inspection
Water Report
Deposit G1-G21 Form and
Form to OSC
Deposit G1-G21 Form and
Form to Board of Architect
Obtain Water Connection
Obtain Landscape Approval
2 Site preparation
3
Excavation and
support system
4 Footing
5 Foundation
6 Framework
7 Column and Bean Erection
8 Concrete Slab
9 Power Supply System
10 Air conditioning
11
Water Supply and Sewerage
system
12
Computer and
Communication Network
13 Roofing
14 Floor Finishes
15 Paint
16 Landscaping
17 Cleaning

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Estimated Project Cost
Item Estimated Cost (MYR)
Hard Construction (Budget within 150,000 MYR)
 Foundation, Farming, Flooring 25,000.00
 Fixtures, Furnishings and Equipment 30,000.00
 Water Piping 1,500.00
 Landscaping Services 30,000.00
 Site Work 40,000.00
 Material Cost
(Concrete, sand, soil and glasses)
20,000.00
Sub Total Hard Cost 146,500.00
Soft Construction (Budget within 70,000 MYR)
 Professional Fees
(Architect ,Engineers and Quantity Surveyor)
30,000.00
 Building Planning 8,000.00
 Landscape Designing 8,000.00
 Permit and license cost 3,845.00
 Legal Fees 10,000.00
 Fees 6,000.00
Sob Total Soft Cost 65,845.00
 Contingency 15,000.00
Total Estimated Cost 227,345.00
Total Construction Cost = 227,345.00 MYR. (Within 230,000 MYR)

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Alternative Plan
Food court as in proposal 2
Library
Minimarket

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Flow of Application and Authority Procedure:
The development & building submission and approval process in Malaysia can be
simplify as follow:
Development Plan (D.P.) Approval
Building Plan Approval
Construction
Certificate of Completion & Compliance (C.C.C)
During the Construction
Phase, certain procedure
may also need to follow

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Application form for building plan approval from the authority

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Site Photos

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