2. What is Leadership?
• Leadership is a process by which a
person influences others to accomplish
an objective and directs the
organization in a way that makes it
more cohesive and coherent.
2
3. General Leadership Cycle
• Common to all leadership styles is a process
– Varies according to style, each has consistent process
3
PLAN
DELEGATE
FOLLOW UP
RECOGNIZE
4. Are Leaders Born or Made?
• Good leaders are made not born. If you
have the desire and willpower, you can
become an effective leader.
Good leaders develop through a never
ending process of self-study, education,
training, and experience.
4
5. The Two Creating Forces
Management’s main
focus: How can I best
accomplish certain
things?
Leadership’s focus:
What are things that I
want to accomplish?
6. Managers vs Leaders
Managers
• Focus on things
• Do things right
• Plan
• Organize
• Direct
• Control
• Follows the rules
Leaders
• Focus on people
• Do the right things
• Inspire
• Influence
• Motivate
• Build
• Shape entities
7. 8
S3
S1S4
S2
Low Supportive and
Low Directive
Behavior
High Directive and
Low Supportive
Behavior
High Directive and
High Supportive
Behavior
High Supportive and
Low Directive
Behavior
DEVELOPMENT LEVEL OF FOLLOWER(S)
DEVELOPED DEVELOPING
HIGH LOWMODERATE
D4 D1D2D3
THE FOUR LEADERSHIP STYLES
DIRECTIVE BEHAVIOR
(High)
(High)(Low)
S
U
P
P
O
R
T
I
V
E
B
E
H
A
V
I
O
R
8. Development Level of Followers
• Low skill
• New to job
• Motivated
• Needs
specific
direction
• Needs
close
supervision
“Enthusiastic
Beginner”
• Low to
moderate
development
• Unsure they
can do it
• Leader gives
direction but
also seeks
input
“Disillusioned
Learner”
• Moderate
to high
skill level
• Just absent
adequate
motivation
• Leader’s
key role is
facilitating
“Reluctant
Contributor”
• High skill
and high
motivation
• Needs low
direction
or support
• Leader
empowers
followers
“Peak
Performer”
9. S3
S1S4
S2
Low Supportive and
Low Directive
Behavior
High Directive and
Low Supportive
Behavior
High Directive and
High Supportive
Behavior
High Supportive and
Low Directive
Behavior
DEVELOPED DEVELOPING
HIGH LOWMODERATE
D4 D1D2D3
DIRECTIVE BEHAVIOR
(High)
(High)(Low)
S
U
P
P
O
R
T
I
V
E
B
E
H
A
V
I
O
R
• Low skill
• New to job
• Motivated
• Needs
specific
direction
• Needs
close
supervision
• High direction
• Low support
• Leader defines
roles of followers
• Leader initiates
problem solving
and decision
making
• One-way
communication
Enthusiastic
Beginner
10. S3
S1S4
S2
Low Supportive and
Low Directive
Behavior
High Directive and
Low Supportive
Behavior
High Directive and
High Supportive
Behavior
High Supportive and
Low Directive
Behavior
DEVELOPED DEVELOPING
HIGH LOWMODERATE
D4 D1D2D3
DIRECTIVE BEHAVIOR
(High)
(High)(Low)
S
U
P
P
O
R
T
I
V
E
B
E
H
A
V
I
O
R
• Low to
moderate
development
• Unsure they
can do it
• Leader gives
direction but
also seeks
input
• High direction
• High support
• Leader now
solicits ideas,
opinions
• Two-way
communication
• Leader still
controls
decisions
Disillusioned
Learner
11. S3
S1S4
S2
Low Supportive and
Low Directive
Behavior
High Directive and
Low Supportive
Behavior
High Directive and
High Supportive
Behavior
High Supportive and
Low Directive
Behavior
DEVELOPED DEVELOPING
HIGH LOWMODERATE
D4 D1D2D3
DIRECTIVE BEHAVIOR
(High)
(High)(Low)
S
U
P
P
O
R
T
I
V
E
B
E
H
A
V
I
O
R
• Moderate
to high
skill level
• Just absent
adequate
motivation
• Leader’s
key role is
facilitating
• High support
• Low direction
• Control shifts
to followers
• Leader listens
actively and
provides
recognition
Reluctant
Contributor
12. S3
S1S4
S2
Low Supportive and
Low Directive
Behavior
High Directive and
Low Supportive
Behavior
High Directive and
High Supportive
Behavior
High Supportive and
Low Directive
Behavior
DEVELOPED DEVELOPING
HIGH LOWMODERATE
D4 D1D2D3
DIRECTIVE BEHAVIOR
(High)
(High)(Low)
S
U
P
P
O
R
T
I
V
E
B
E
H
A
V
I
O
R
• High skill
and high
motivation
• Needs low
direction
or support
• Leader
empowers
followers
• Low support
• Low direction
• Leader does
discuss & define
problem to be
solved
• Followers make
decisions, run
the show
Peak
Performer
13. 4S MODEL
SITUATION SUCCESS
SOURCE SOLUTION
12
3 4
What outcome
What good looks like
Business objectives ?
Steps and road map
To success.
What is happening
Now as compared
With success ?
Things that cause
The situation, barriers
Drivers .
14. Four Major
Leadership Factors
14
Follower - Different people
require different styles
Communication –
Two-way, you must
set the example
Situation -all are different, use
judgment to determine best
course of action
Leader – Know yourself
as a leader, people will
decide on their own
whether to follow you
17. Look at it this way…
• It’s all about “matching” the style (of the leader) to the level
(of the followers)
– Think of leaders needing to fill in what’s missing…
provide their people with what they can’t do for
themselves at the moment
• Mismatch results in…
– Over-supervision (gets you frustrated followers)
– Under-supervision (gets you insufficient results)
18. And finally…
• What about changing styles? When would you change
styles? Would you… ever?
– Yes! As the name implies, “Situational Leadership” is
task-specific
– Change it when warranted by change in task or change in
personnel doing it
• Your goal…
– Build your follower’s development level so you can use
less time-consuming styles (S3 and S4) and still get high
quality results
