This document summarizes three learning theories: behaviorism which focuses on observable behaviors and breaking tasks into smaller parts, cognitivism which focuses on internal cognitive processes of learning like processing, storing, and retrieving information, and constructivism where learners actively construct knowledge from experiences. It also discusses factors that encourage intrinsic motivation like attention, relevancy, and satisfaction. Finally, it lists challenges for social learning in the workplace and references sources on instructional design models, learning technologies, and the ATD Competency Model.
2. Behaviorism
Focus on observable behavior.
Tasks are broken down into smaller tasks.
Cognitivism
Focus on what internally happens when a learner learns.
Process information, store information and retrieve information.
Constructivism
Focus on how knowledge is built by learners as they seek to decode experiences.
A representation of knowledge is actively constructed in memory.
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Levy, S., & Yupangco, J. (2008, August). Overcoming the challenges of social
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from http://nancy- rubin.com/2014/05/06/social-learning-in-the-workplace-why-
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Editor's Notes
Yawn! Adult training and learning theories can be boring. But they point to the reason why some types of training are better than others, depending on the learner and what they want to learn. The vicarious learning made possible through social learning motivates employees and makes them more efficient (Rao, 2014). It is the way people want to learn. These theories can be helpful when adding social learning to your training arsenal.
Behaviorism focuses on observable behaviors and a larger task may be broken down into smaller steps. This kind of learning helps with intellectual, psychomotor, and interpersonal knowledge and skills. Do you need to learn how to conduct a meeting? A training session through e-learning using behaviorist lessons could be ideal.
Cognitivism focuses on what exactly happens when a student learns. Do you need to identify all of the managers and department functions in the new international division? A training session or e-learning will be useful for learning new information and how things work.
Constructivism focuses on how knowledge is built by people as they try to make sense of new experiences and new knowledge. Either through live training or social media training or a combination of both, constructivism can help create learning experiences that reflect real world experiences (Sink, 2008).
Using social media or e-learning has positively motivated students to learn. Their motivation has been measured using Keller’s ARCS Motivational Model (Finamore, Hochanadel, Hochanadel, Millam & Reinhardt, 2012).
Attention – Different types of electronic delivery keeps the attention of students. Students are positively motivated by podcasting for one, because it can be accessed anywhere, anytime.
Relevancy – E-learning should engage students to discuss how to make the knowledge work for them in their everyday life.
Confidence – Learners have greater access to the instructor and other learners which gives them confidence. The instructor is also able to give more feedback.
Satisfaction – As students adopt new learning strategies and their confidence grows, they are more satisfied.
Intrinsic motivation – Some intrinsic motivation is required to complete social learning or e-learning tasks. However, as students succeed, their intrinsic motivation grows.
When an organization implements a social media or e-learning program, there are a few ethical points to consider (Levy & Yupangco, 2008).
The first issue is access. All employees should have equal access to internet, programs, and social media.
The second issue is the demonstration of achievement. The products or assessments through social media should demonstrate the achievement of set goals.
Thirdly, isolation can be an issue. Social media can help an employee working in the field or at home feel more connected and less isolated.
Fourth, there is a need to confirm the quality or trustworthiness of information found on the internet or social media. A short e-learning module can help employees learn how to discern trustworthy information from internet junk.
In addition, there are 2 hot button topics brought up by many in management.
Confidentiality - To ensure confidentiality, create training to cover intellectual property issues and how to keep materials and information secure.
Productivity - Set guidelines for social media use at work and enforce the target goals for each employee.
The ATD Competency Model provides at least four areas in which an e-learning instructor should be proficient ("The Atd Competency Model", 2014).
Training delivery – E-learning or social learning or blended instruction
Learning technologies – Know your LMS, social media tools, and stay current
Coaching – Provide substantial feedback to learners
Technology literacy – Use technology effectively to enhance learning