9. II. Mammoth Mountain Location: Inyo National Forest, CA, USA Coordinates: 37°37′50.26″N , 119°1′57.45″W Elevation: 11,059 ft (3,371 m)
10.
11. - In early 1990’s, there was the first notice of dead and dying trees on the south side of Mammoth Mountain - In1994, USGS surveyed for carbon dioxide gas around Mammoth mountain , and exceptionally high concentrations of gas were found in the soil beneath the trees Source: USGS(2004) Source: USGS(2004)
12. CO2 leakage models: Natural VS GCS Natural leakage model (USGS, 2004) CO 2 storage leakage model ( Damen et al., 2005)
27. According to USGS (2000), the spectrometer field results show that carbon-isotopic analyses of the annual growth rings in trees near the margins of the tree-kill areas imply that the gas-emission rate reached a peak in 1991, subsequently declined, and then have been relatively stable since about 1996 Spectrometer field results (USGS, 2000)
28. The SVM classification result shows the area of dead/dying tree was in similar location to the USGS result. However, the comparison of total coverage of classification result may not always provide the most efficient analysis of changes due to the difference in vegetation spectral
Since last two decade, Climate change and global warm are becoming serious problems which occur around the world. The example of that are drought, heat wave, flooding and bushfire in many countries. The scientific believe that the major green house gases which generate by human activities are 65% carbon dioxide, 15% methane and 20% nitrous oxide plus CFC.
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