The document discusses the endocrine system and various endocrine diseases. It defines endocrinology as the study of endocrine glands and hormones, and endocrinologists as physicians who diagnose and treat diseases related to these glands. Some common endocrine diseases mentioned include type 1 diabetes, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, low testosterone, growth hormone deficiency, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, and Addison's disease. The document then provides more details on type 1 diabetes, describing its symptoms, the involved glands and hormones of the pancreas and how insulin and glucagon regulate blood glucose, and treatment options of insulin replacement therapy.

1. The Endocrine System:
Real Life
Endocrineology

2. Endocrinology
• Endocrinology the branch of physiology and
medicine concerned with endocrine glands and
hormones.
• Endocrinologists are specially trained
physicians who diagnose diseases related to the
glands. The diseases they are trained to treat
often affect other parts of the body beyond
glands.

3. Endocrine Diseases
• Type 1 diabetes
• Hyperthyroidism
• Hypothyroidism
• Low
Testosterone
• Growth Hormone
Deficiency
• Hashimoto’s
Thyroiditis
• Addison’s
Disease
• Grave’s Disease

4. Type-1 Diabetes
Description: a form of diabetes mellitus that results from the autoimmune destruction
of the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas.
Symptoms:
The classical symptoms of type 1 diabetes include: excessive urination, increased
thirst, dry mouth, increased hunger, fatigue, and weight loss.
Gland and Hormones Involved:
Pancreas: a long, flat gland in abdomen behind stomach. It produces enzymes into
the small intestine to help with digestion. It also contains clusters of cells called islets
Insulin: a hormone produced in the pancreas by the islets of Langerhans that
regulates the amount of glucose in the blood. The lack of insulin causes a form of
diabetes
Glucagon: made by islet cells (alpha cells) in the pancreas, controls the production of
glucose and another fuel, ketones, in the liver.
Treatment Options: There is no cure for type-1 diabetes. The replacement insulin is
administered by injection using a syringe or an insulin pump, which delivers the
insulin under the skin.

5. Type-1 Diabetes

6. • Work in groups of 4 to research
• Choose one endocrine disorder.
• Research using the iPads
• Complete your endocrinologist’s report
• Prepare short presentation
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7. Finally…Exit Slip
• Turn in Endocrinologist worksheet –
must include model of feedback loop
that regulates the specific endocrine
disease.