This document defines and describes the main types of nutrients needed for human health: water, minerals, vitamins, carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids. It explains that nutrients are used for energy, growth, tissue repair, and regulating bodily processes. Specifically, it notes that water is essential for nearly all metabolic processes, minerals and vitamins play important roles but in small amounts, carbohydrates include starch and sugars as energy sources, proteins are needed for growth and repair, and fats provide energy and are made of fatty acids. The document also briefly discusses how nutrients provide energy and are used for metabolism and tissue building.

2.  Nutrients : The nourishing substances in food
that provide energy and promote the growth
and maintenance of your body
 Used to build and repair tissues, regulate
body processes, and are converted to and
used for energy.

3.  Water
◦ Hydrogen & oxygen
◦ Inorganic
 Minerals
◦ Simplest nutrient
◦ Inorganic
 Vitamins
◦ Organic

4.  Carbohydrates
◦ Organic
 Proteins
◦ Organic
◦ Contains nitrogen
 Lipids (fats)
◦ Organic

5. *Minerals are inorganic substances required
by the body in small amounts for a variety of
different functions.
*The body requires different amounts of each
mineral.

6.  Water is essential for the human body to
function. The body cannot store water and
must have fresh supplies every day to
perform virtually every metabolic process.
 Water
◦ Medium for nearly all body activities

7. There are two groups of vitamins:
• fat-soluble vitamins, which can be stored in
the body, e.g. vitamins A and D.
 • water-soluble vitamins, which cannot be
stored in the body and are therefore required
daily, e.g. B vitamins and vitamin C.

8.  The two types of carbohydrate :
1.starch
2.Sugars
* Starch carbohydrate is an important source
of energy
*Sugars come from a variety of foods e.g
Vegetables or fruits

9. • Protein is essential for growth and repair
and keeping cells healthy.

10.  Fats are organic compounds that are made
up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. They
are a source of energy in foods. Fats belong
to a group of substances called lipids, and
come in liquid or solid form. All fats are
combinations of saturated and unsaturated
fatty acids.

12.  Amount of energy in food
◦ Depends on macronutrient composition
 Using nutrients for energy
◦ Breaking of bonds
◦ Storage of excess energy
 Metabolism
◦ Materials for building body tissues
◦ Regulation of bodily activities