Spirometry is a test used to measure lung function by having a patient forcefully exhale into a spirometer. It measures volumes like forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) to diagnose and monitor conditions like COPD. The document discusses the different types of spirometers, normal values, how to interpret tests for obstructive, restrictive, and mixed lung disease patterns, and practical considerations for administering spirometry tests.

5. Volume Measuring Spirometer

6. Flow Measuring Spirometer

7. Desktop Electronic Spirometers

8. Small Hand-held Spirometers

14. Normal Trace Showing FEV 1 and FVC 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 Volume, liters Time, seconds FVC 5 1 FEV 1 = 4L FVC = 5L FEV 1 /FVC = 0.8

15. SPIROMETRY OBSTRUCTIVE DISEASE

16. Spirometry: Obstructive Disease Volume, liters Time, seconds 5 4 3 2 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 FEV 1 = 1.8L FVC = 3.2L FEV 1 /FVC = 0.56 Normal Obstructive

23. SPIROMETRY RESTRICTIVE DISEASE

25. Volume, liters Time, seconds FEV 1 = 1. 9 L FVC = 2 .0 L FEV 1 /FVC = 0. 95 1 2 3 4 5 6 5 4 3 2 1 Spirometry: Restrictive Disease Normal Restrictive

27. Mixed Obstructive and Restrictive Volume, liters Time, seconds Restrictive and mixed obstructive-restrictive are difficult to diagnose by spirometry alone; full respiratory function tests are usually required ( e.g., body plethysmography, etc) FEV 1 = 0.5 L FVC = 1.5 L FEV 1 /FVC = 0. 30 Normal Obstructive - Restrictive

28. PRACTICAL SESSION Performing Spirometry

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