3. Located above each of the kidneys.
2 sections: adrenal cortex & adrenal
medulla
Outer- manufactors several different
families of hormones.
The hormones regulate secondary sexual
characteristics.
All hormones secreted by the adrenal
cortex are steroid hormones.
Adrenal Glands
4. Ovaries (Women Only)
Females gonads located in the lower abdomen pelvic
cavity of the female. This is a part of the
reproductive system as well.
The ovaries is where an unborn fetus lives for a
gestational period of forty weeks until birth.
5. Pancreas
Located along the lower curvature of the stomach.
The only organ in the body that has both endocrine
and exocrine functions.
The exocrine portion releases digestive enzymes
through a duct into the duodenum of the small
intestines.
6. Four tiny parathyroid glands are located on
the dorsal surface of the thyroid gland.
Parathyroid hormone secreted by these
glands regulates the amount of calcium in the
blood.
If the blood calcium levels fall too
low, parathyroid hormone levels in the blood
are increased and will stimulate bone
breakdown to release more calcium into the
blood.
7. Pineal Gland
Small pine cone shaped gland that is part of
the thalamus region of the brain.
Glands secrete melatonin, a hormone now
well understood, but that plays a role in
regulating the body’s circadian rhythm.
8. Pituitary Gland
located underneath the brain
Small marble shaped gland that is divided into
an anterior lobe and a posterior lobe.
Both lobes are controlled by the hypothalamus(a
region of the brain active in regulating automatic
body responses.
Anterior lobe secretes several different
hormones.(growth, thyroid
stimulating, adrencorticotrophin, prolactin, follic
le-stimulating and luteinizing
hormones, melanocyte-stimulating &
antidiuretic and oxytocin hormones)
9. Two oval glands located in the scrotal sac of
the male.
The male gonads
Produce gametes, sperm and the male sex
hormone, testosterone.
Testosterone produces the secondary sexual
characteristics and regulates sperm
production
10. A part of the immune system as well.
Is also one of the endocrine glands
because it secretes the hormone thymosin
(it is important for the proper
development of the immune system.
It is present at birth and grows to its
largest at puberty. At puberty is shrinks
and is connected with other tissues.
Thymus Gland
11. Thyroid Gland
Is the shape of a butterfly and it has a right and
left lobe.
Located on either side of the trachea and larnyx
The thryoid cartilage, or Adams apple is located
just above the thyroid gland.
Produce the hormones thyroxine and
triiodothyronine.
These hormones regulate the production of
energy and heat in the body to adjust the body’s
metabolic rate.
