1. POTENTIAL +/- DIFFERENCE INC.
BI-TOROID TRANSFORMER (BiTT) PROTOTYPE TESTING DECEMBER 21st, 2010
CONVENTIONAL TRANSFORMER vs BiTT PERFORMANCE COMPARISON
RS VP VS IP IS PP PS
Ohms Volts Volts Amps Amps Watts Watts
Open 119 238 3.2 0 50 0
100 99 198 4.8 2.0 576 395
20 60 120 12.1 6.0 1452 717
5 24 48 19.2 9.6 2304 460
1 5.7 11.4 22.9 11.4 2748 131
On NO-LOAD (open) the conventional transformer above consumes 50 Watts of Real Power which is all dissipated as heat in the
primary coil even though the current in the primary is all reactive. ON-LOAD (Rs 100 and below) the conventional transformer’s
Power Factor mirrors the load Power Factor of 1 and real power is now consumed and a large portion is dissipated as heat. For
example with a 1 Ohm load the conventional transformer is dissipating 2612 Watts of power in heat alone.
Hyperphysics
http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/magnetic/transf.html
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2. POTENTIAL +/- DIFFERENCE INC.
BI-TOROID TRANSFORMER (BiTT) PROTOTYPE TESTING DECEMBER 21st, 2010
CONVENTIONAL TRANSFORMER vs BiTT PERFORMANCE COMPARISON
st
December 21 , test data for a BiTT as compared to two conventional transformers.
Secondary Vprimary Iprimary Primary Primary Vload Iload Pout Efficiency
Load Volts Amps Power Pin Volts Amps Watts Pout/Pin
Ohms Factor Watts X 100
Open 72.8 0.022 0.31 0.50 0.0 0.0 0.0 -
100 46.1 0.051 0.96 2.26 11.2 0.10 1.12 50 %
47 33.0 0.061 0.98 1.97 7.72 0.15 1.16 58 %
20 20.5 0.068 0.99 1.39 4.17 0.19 0.79 57 %
10 13.9 0.071 0.99 0.98 2.32 0.21 0.48 50 %
5 9.77 0.073 0.99 0.71 1.17 0.22 0.25 36 %
1 6.41 0.074 0.99 0.47 0.22 0.23 0.51 11 %
Short 5.53 0.075 0.99 0.41 0.0 0.23 - -
Table 1: CONVENTIONAL TRANSFORMER Performance TEST # 1 with various secondary loads.
Secondary Vprimary Iprimary Primary Primary Vload Iload Pout Efficiency
Load Volts Amps Power Pin Volts Amps Watts Pout/Pin
Ohms Factor Watts X 100
Open 65.8 0.030 0.707 1.40 0.0 0.0 0.0 -
100 47.3 0.052 0.996 2.45 11.2 0.10 1.12 46 %
47 48.0 0.086 0.996 4.11 10.4 0.22 2.29 56 %
20 56.7 0.184 0.996 10.39 11.4 0.54 6.16 59 %
10 66.9 0.331 0.996 22.1 10.9 1.03 11.23 51 %
5 90.9 0.649 0.996 58.8 10.5 2.06 21.63 37 %
1 Input Current Exceeds Transformer Limit - - -
Short Input Current Exceeds Transformer Limit - - -
Table 2: CONVENTIONAL TRANSFORMER Performance TEST # 2 with various secondary loads
and while maintaining a fixed load voltage to match BiTT load voltages in the table below.
Secondary Vprimary Iprimary Primary Primary Vload Iload Pout BiTT
Load Volts Amps Power Pin Volts Amps Watts Efficiency
Ohms Factor Watts Pout/Pin
dissipated X 100
as heat
Open 147.0 0.336 0.0 0.778 0.0 0.0 0.0 -
100 172.2 0.505 0.0 1.75 11.1 0.09 1.0 57 %
47 168.6 0.497 0.0 1.70 10.8 0.21 2.27 133 %
20 180 0.584 0.0 2.40 11.2 0.52 5.82 243 %
10 181 0.621 0.0 2.66 10.9 1.02 11.1 418 %
5 192.7 0.802 0.0 4.44 10.4 2.03 21.1 476 %
1 193.1 1.09 0.0 8.20 5.22 5.02 26.2 320 %
Short 178 1.09 0.0 8.20 - 6.06 - -
Table 3: BiTT Performance TEST # 3 with various secondary loads.
Primary power factor of 0.0 was maintained by increasing the primary voltage.
Only Reactive Current flows in the primary on no-load and also on-load but this current still dissipates
some power as heat through the 6.9 ohm primary coil resistance as shown in the table above.
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3. POTENTIAL +/- DIFFERENCE INC.
BI-TOROID TRANSFORMER (BiTT) PROTOTYPE TESTING DECEMBER 21st, 2010
CONVENTIONAL TRANSFORMER vs BiTT PERFORMANCE COMPARISON
BiTT
Rob Woudenberg
Figure 1 BiTT Power Factor measurement setup
Figure 2 Conventional Transformer On-Load Scope Shot Figure 3 BiTT On-Load Scope Shot
Figure 4 BiTT On-Load Scope Shot w/ maximized scope window
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