UNANI SYSTEM OF MEDICATION
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unani or Unani medicine (Urdu: طب یونانی tibb yūnānī) is the term for Perso-Arabic traditional medicine, practiced in Mughal India and in Muslim culture in South Asia and modern day Central Asia. The term is derived from Arabic Yūnānī "Greek", as the Perso-Arabic system of medicine was in turn based on the teachings of the Greek physicians Hippocrates and Galen.The medical tradition of medieval Islam was introduced to India by the 13th century with the establishment of the Delhi Sultanate and it took its own course of development during the Mughal Empire , influenced by Indian medical teachings of Sushruta and Charaka.
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UNANI SYSTEM OF MEDICATION
- 1. UNANI SYSTEM OF MEDICINE K.Sudheer Kumar, Assistant professor. Dept.of Pharmacognosy Chilkur Balaji college of Pharmacy Hyderabad. E-mail:sudheer.y2k8@gmail.com
- 2. Unani system of medicine has its origin in Greece. It is believed to have been established by the great physician and philosopher- Hippocrates (460-377 BC). The Arabian scholars and physicians have played great role in the development of this system. Unani system of medicine has its origin in Greece. It is believed to have been established by the great physician and philosopher- Hippocrates (460-377 BC). The Arabian scholars and physicians have played great role in the development of this system. Other Greek medical masters, such as Dioscorides and Galen, who we recognize as the forerunners of Western herbal medicine, are also considered founders of Unani medicine.
- 4. Unani medicine is ancient Greek medicine that has evolved within the Muslim world for the past 13 centuries. Based on the concept of balancing body humors. They either fell out of balance, which might yield diseases (depending on circumstances), or were restored to balance to heal diseases. The system involved four elements, thus differing from the Ayurvedic system of three doshas and the Chinese system of five elements. Unani medicine is ancient Greek medicine that has evolved within the Muslim world for the past 13 centuries. Based on the concept of balancing body humors. They either fell out of balance, which might yield diseases (depending on circumstances), or were restored to balance to heal diseases. The system involved four elements, thus differing from the Ayurvedic system of three doshas and the Chinese system of five elements. Unani systems involve these four elements: earth, air, water, and fire four natures: cold, hot, wet, and dry four humors: blood (which is hot/wet), phlegm (cold/wet), yellow bile (hot/dry), and black bile (cold/dry).
- 5. According to principles of Unani , body is made up following proximal qualities Four basic elements of human body Qualities or states of human bodyQualities or states of human body Four“humors” of human body
- 6. UNANIUNANI Four basic elements of human body Qualities or states of human body Four“humors” of human body EARTH COLD BLOOD AIR DRY PHLEGM(SPUTUM) WATER WET YELLOW BILE FIRE HOT BLACK BILE
- 7. RAISE OF UNANI IN INDIA • Khilji Dynasty (1290-1320) • Tughluk Dynasty (1320-1414) • Mughal empire (1526-1857) • Khilji Dynasty (1290-1320) • Tughluk Dynasty (1320-1414) • Mughal empire (1526-1857)
- 8. The Central Council for Research in Unani Medicine (CCRUM) started functioning independently from 10th January 1979. To undertake any research or other programmes in Unani Medicine. To initiate, aid, develop and coordinate scientific research in different aspects, fundamental and applied, of Unani Medicine, and to promote and assist institutions of research for the study of diseases, their prevention, causation and remedy. CCRUM The Central Council for Research in Unani Medicine (CCRUM) started functioning independently from 10th January 1979. To undertake any research or other programmes in Unani Medicine. To initiate, aid, develop and coordinate scientific research in different aspects, fundamental and applied, of Unani Medicine, and to promote and assist institutions of research for the study of diseases, their prevention, causation and remedy. • Engaged in multimodal research activities • Development of Unani system of medicine in India • Amendments in rules • Notifications FUNCTIONS
- 9. PRINCIPLE OF UNANI MEDICINE Arkan (Element) Mizaj (Temperament) Akhiat (Humours) Azas (Organs) Arwah (Vital sprit) Quwa (powers) Afal (Functions) Arkan (Element) Mizaj (Temperament) Akhiat (Humours) Azas (Organs) Arwah (Vital sprit) Quwa (powers) Afal (Functions)
- 10. Features of specific temperaments • Damawi Temperament • Safrawi Temperament • Saudawi Temperaments • Balgami Temperaments • Damawi Temperament • Safrawi Temperament • Saudawi Temperaments • Balgami Temperaments
- 11. Damawi Temperament (Hot and Moist) • Strong , masculine build • Very active • Alert • Good appetite • Complexion • Fair reddish • Good pulse volume • Strong , masculine build • Very active • Alert • Good appetite • Complexion • Fair reddish • Good pulse volume • Proud • Shot Tempered • Revengeful • Pale complexion • Thin body and Hair • Energetic • Pass mild yellow and irritant urine • Proud • Shot Tempered • Revengeful • Pale complexion • Thin body and Hair • Energetic • Pass mild yellow and irritant urine • Dark complexation • Thin built • Slow pulse • Develop insomnia • Pass dark coloured urine • Dark complexation • Thin built • Slow pulse • Develop insomnia • Pass dark coloured urine Safrawi Temperament (Hot and Dry) Saudawi Temperament (Cold and Dry) Balgami Temperament (Cold and Moist) • Obese structure • Thin and soft hair • White and oily skin • Excessive sleep • Poor intelligence • Urine colour white • Obese structure • Thin and soft hair • White and oily skin • Excessive sleep • Poor intelligence • Urine colour white • Strong , masculine build • Very active • Alert • Good appetite • Complexion • Fair reddish • Good pulse volume • Strong , masculine build • Very active • Alert • Good appetite • Complexion • Fair reddish • Good pulse volume • Proud • Shot Tempered • Revengeful • Pale complexion • Thin body and Hair • Energetic • Pass mild yellow and irritant urine • Proud • Shot Tempered • Revengeful • Pale complexion • Thin body and Hair • Energetic • Pass mild yellow and irritant urine • Dark complexation • Thin built • Slow pulse • Develop insomnia • Pass dark coloured urine • Dark complexation • Thin built • Slow pulse • Develop insomnia • Pass dark coloured urine • Obese structure • Thin and soft hair • White and oily skin • Excessive sleep • Poor intelligence • Urine colour white • Obese structure • Thin and soft hair • White and oily skin • Excessive sleep • Poor intelligence • Urine colour white
- 12. There is equilibrium in the “humors” and functions of the body are normal. When the equilibrium of the“humors” is disturbed and the functions of body are abnormal, that state is called disease. Drugs made from medicinal plants, herbs, minerals, metallic and animal origin are used for the treatment of diseases. Hakim established following principle If a drug produces heat in body, it will be stimulant. If a drug produces coldness in body, it will be depressant. Commonly drug termed as Dawa in Unani system of medication Nabz (pulse reading) Baul (Urine examination) Baraaz ( Stool examination) Diagnosis: examination of Pulse, urine and stool. There is equilibrium in the “humors” and functions of the body are normal. When the equilibrium of the“humors” is disturbed and the functions of body are abnormal, that state is called disease. Drugs made from medicinal plants, herbs, minerals, metallic and animal origin are used for the treatment of diseases. Hakim established following principle If a drug produces heat in body, it will be stimulant. If a drug produces coldness in body, it will be depressant. Commonly drug termed as Dawa in Unani system of medication
- 13. MODES OF TREATMENT • Ilaj-bil-Tadbir (Regimental therapy) • Ilaj-bil-Ghiza (Diet therapy) • Ilaj-bil-Dawa (Pharmacotherapy) • Ilaj-bil-Yad (Surgery) MODES OF TREATMENT • Ilaj-bil-Tadbir (Regimental therapy) • Ilaj-bil-Ghiza (Diet therapy) • Ilaj-bil-Dawa (Pharmacotherapy) • Ilaj-bil-Yad (Surgery)
- 14. S.n o Unani terms English terms 1 Aam Qatil Deedan Anthelmintic 2 Dafe Humuzat Antacid 3 Habis Bol Anti-diuretic 4 Hazim Digestive Some Unani medications 4 Hazim Digestive 5 Jazib Absorbant 6 Kasir Riyah carminative 7 Laazey, Muhayyij Irritant 8 Mamooli Mus-hil Mild purgative 9 Qabiz Astringent 10 Radey Repellent, Divertive
- 15. At present, Unani system of medicine, with its own recognized practitioners, hospitals and educational and research institutions, forms an integral part of the national health care delivery system. At present, Unani system of medicine, with its own recognized practitioners, hospitals and educational and research institutions, forms an integral part of the national health care delivery system.