what is TSM? WHO defines traditional medicine as including diverse health practices, approaches, knowledge and beliefs incorporating plant, animal, and/or mineral based medicines, spiritual therapies, manual techniques and exercises which can be used to maintain well-being, as well as to treat, diagnose or prevent illness. TYPES OF TSM (AYUSH) A-AYURVEDA Y-YOGA & NATUROPATHY U-UNANI S-SIDDHA H-HOMEOPATHY Classification of Ayurvedic dosage form

1. Traditional System of
Medicine
ARCHANA B CHAVHAN
M.PHARM (QA)
KYDSCT’S COLLEGE OF PHARMACY SAKEGAON

2. WHAT IS TRADITIONAL MEDICINE?
WHO defines traditional medicine as including
diverse health practices, approaches, knowledge
and beliefs incorporating plant, animal, and/or
mineral based medicines, spiritual therapies,
manual techniques and exercises which can be
used to maintain well-being, as well as to treat,
diagnose or prevent illness.

3. TYPES OF TSM (AYUSH)
•A-AYURVEDA
•Y-YOGA & NATUROPATHY
•U-UNANI
•S-SIDDHA
•H-HOMEOPATHY

6. AYURVEDA
• Ayurveda,is a natural system of medicine, originated in India
more than 3,000 years ago.
• The term Ayurveda is derived from the Sanskrit words ayur
(life) and veda (science or knowledge).
• Thus, Ayurveda translates to knowledge of life. Based on the
idea that disease is due to an imbalance or stress in a person's
consciousness, Ayurveda encourages certain lifestyle
interventions and natural therapies to regain a balance
between the body, mind, spirit, and the environment.

7. • Principle:
• The principle of Ayurveda is based on the concept of five basic elements
Panchamahabuthas named Prithvi (Earth), Jala (Water), Teja (Fire), Vayu
(Air) and Akash (Space/Ether).and tridoshas named as Vata, Pitta and
Kapha
• In addition to these three humors, there exist seven basic tissues
(sapthadhatus)- Rasa, Rakta, Mamsa, Meda, Asthi, Majja and Shukra- and
three waste products of the body (mala) such as faeces, urine and sweat.
• There is a balanced condensation of these elements in different proportions
to suit the needs and requirements of different structures and functions of
the body matrix and its parts. The growth and development of body matrix
depends on its nutrition i.e. on food. The food, in turn, is composed of above
elements.

8. • The diagnosis is always done by considering the patient as a whole object to be
examined known as ten-fold examination- through which a physician examines the
following parameters in the patient-
• Psychosomatic constitution
• Disease susceptibility
• Quality of tissues
• Body build
• Anthropometry
• Adaptability
• Mental health
• Digestive powers
• Exercise
• Age
• In addition to this, examination of pulse, urine, stool, tongue, voice and speech, skin,
eyes and overall appearance is also carried out

10. • The term ‘Siddha’ is derived from the root word ‘Siddhi’
which means ‘an object to be attained’ or ‘perfection’.
• The Siddha system of medicine owes its origin to
medicinal ideas and practices of a class of Tamil sages
called the Siddhars – ‘perfected’ or ‘holy immortals’.
• They had firm faith in the ‘deathless’ physical body being
in tune with the spiritual immortal ‘soul’,

11. Basic Human Principles – 96 Thathuvas Five Elements
• The primordial elements are called
panchamahabootham, namely
mann(earth),
• neer(water),
• thee (fire),
• kattru(air) and
• aagayam(space)

12. Three Humours
• To regulate the living body easily the five primodial elements were
concised into three humours namely vazhi(vadham or air), azhal (pittam
or heat) and Iyyam (kapha or cold),
• When humours are in natural equilibrium and harmony, a person enjoys
the best of health.
• The first one third of one’s life is considered as vazhiperiod where a
person grows physically, psychologically, emotionally, spiritually, etc.
• The second one third of ones life is considered as azhalperiod where life
is considered to be in the maintenance phase in physiological condition.
• Finally, the last one third of one’s life is physiologically attributed to
Iyyamperiod or the destructive/senile phase of one life.

13. Five Sheaths (Kosham)
• The nature of being human encompasses physical and
psychological aspects that functions as one holistic system.
• The kosham system refers to different aspects as layers of
subjective experience.
• They are paruvaudambu – annamayakaosham(food-
apparent-physical sheath), valiudmambupranaamayakosham
(air-apparent-sheath), manaudambumanomayakosham
(mind-apparent sheath), arivudambu – vijnanamayakosham
(wisdom-apparent-Intellectual sheath) and inbaudambu –
anandamayakosham (blissaparent sheath).

14. Ten Pranic Air (Vayus)
• These ancillary vayus are not just responsible for
physiological function but also contribute to the
psychological and spiritual component.
• Siddha Therapy :The foremost substance given for an
imbalance of three humors or illness is of herbal
origin.

16. HOMEOPATHY
• The word “Homeopathy” is derived from two Greek words
Homois meaning similar and pathos meaning suffering.
• Homeopathy simply means treating diseases with remedies,
prescribed in minute doses, which are capable of producing
symptoms similar to the disease when they taken by the healthy
people. It is based on the natural law of healing. “Similia
Similibus Curantur” which means “Likes are cured by likes”
• Homeopathy is a specialized method of drug therapy curing a
natural disease by administration of drugs. Homeopathy began in
the late 1700s, developed by a German doctor named Samuel
Hahnemann.

17. DIFINATION & MEANING
• Homoeopathy is a system of treatment (branch of medical
science) works on the principle of ‘‘Similia similibus curenter’
’Means like cures like, further explanation is that patient &
medicine symptoms are similar, it also called LAW OF SIMILA
• FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF HOMOEOPATHY
1. Law of Similia
2. Law of Simplex
3. Law of Minimum
4. Doctrine of Drug proving
5. Theory of Chronic disease
6. Theory of Vital force
7. Doctrine of Drug-dynamization

18. Principle
• The cause of the disease itself can be its treatment i.e. Law of
similar. This is the basic principle of homeopathy. According to
Hahnemann, diseases are congenital and caused by gene
mutations.
• Toxic or poisonous substances are called Miasms are responsible
for gene mutation Miasms are of three types- Psora, Psychosis,
Syphilis
• These exist in a suppressed or sleeping state in a person. As long
as they are in that state, the person does not suffer from diseases
due to resistance power. If any one of them stimulated, then the
person loses his resistance power and suffers from diseases
related to it. Therefore, Homeopathy is called a Genetic medicine

19. Homeopathy In India
• The World Health Organization (WHO) data suggested that Homeopathy
is currently the second largest system of medicine in the world.
• Homeopathy in India Homeopathy came to India in 1810 when Dr. Johm
Martin Honigberger, a French traveler who learnt homeopathy from Dr.
Hahnemann, visited India and treated patients.
• He treated Maharaja Ranjit Sigh, the-then-ruler-of Punjab, with a
homeopathic remedy Dulcamara while he suffered from paralysis of the
vocal cords.
• Babu Rajendra LalDutt (1818-1889) may be called the Father of Indian
Homeopathy.

21. Unani
• The Unani System of Medicine has a long and
impressive record in India. It was introduced in India
by the Arabs and Persians sometime around the
eleventh century.
• Unani name is derived from the word 'Ionian' which
originated in Greece. Unani medicine, like any other
form of medical science strives to find the best
possible ways by which a person can lead a healthy
life with the least or zero sickness.

22. Principles & Concepts
• According to the basic principles of Unani the body is made up
of the four basic elements i. earth, air, water, fire which have
different temperaments i.e. cold, hot, wet, dry. After mixing and
interaction of four elements a new compound having new
temperament existence. i.e Hot wet, hot dry, cold wet, and cold
and dry.
• The body has the simple and compound organs which got their
nourishment (The substances necessary for growth, health, and
good condition) through four humours i.e. Blood, phlegm,
yellow bile and black bile.
• The humour (put into a good mood) is also assigned
temperament as blood is hot and wet, Phlegm is cold and hot,
Yellow bile is hot and dry and Black bile is cold and dry.

23. • Phlegm is cold and hot (Thick, sticky, stringy mucus secreted
by the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract, as during
a cold or other respiratory infection). Yellow bile is hot and
dry (A yellow, or greenish, viscid fluid, usually alkaline in
reaction, secreted by the liver. It passes into the intestines,
where it aids in the digestive)
• Black bile is cold and dry (a humor that was once believed to
be secreted by the kidneys or spleen and to cause sadness)
• Unani medicine believes in promotion of health, prevention
of diseases and cure. Health of human is based on the six
essentials
• Atmospheric air –
• Physical activity and rest –
• Drinks and foods –
• Sleep and wakefulness –
• Excretion and retention –
• Mental activity and rest

24. NATUROPATHY
SYSTEM OF
MEDICINE

25. NATUROPATHY SYSTEM OF MEDICINE
• Naturopathy is a traditional system of healing based upon natural
principles that govern life, living and health.
• The references of such principles can be found in the scriptures like
Vedas, Upanishads and Epics like Ramayana and Mahabharata.
• Naturopathy is called a drugless system of healthcare based on well-
founded philosophy and practices.
• Its main emphasis is on holistic approach to health, covering not only
physical but also the mental, moral and spiritual aspects.

26. Ayurvedic formulations
• Different solvent (Menstrum) used in preparation of Ayurvedic
formulation are water, oils, milk, Ghee, Cow’s urine etc.
• The use of sweetening agent, binding agent, colorant, flavoring
agent and other adjuvant is also very common in ayurvedic
preparation.
Classical ayurvedic
• Bhasma
• Asvaas
• Arishtas
• Taila
• Churna
Proprietary ayurvedic
• Capsules
• Syrups
• Tablet
• Powder
• Cream

27. Classification of Ayurvedic dosage form
Solid dosage
form
Gutika
Churna
vatika
Semi-solid
dosage form
Avaleha
Ghrita
Lepa
Liquid dosage
form
Asava
Arishta
taila

28. Aristas
•These are prepared by
process of fermentation
for a specific time period
after boiling the main
decoction substance and
adding sugar or jaggery.
•These are prepared by
process of fermentation
for a specific time
period after addition of
powdered drug into
solution of substance
and adding sugar or
jaggery.
Asavas

29. Preparation of Asava & Arishta
Powdered the drug
Asava
(powdered)
Arishta
(decoction)
Transferred to fermentation
vessel
Solution of Sugar, Jaggery or Honey is added
Close the earthen lid sealed edges with clay smeared cloth
Fermented at constant temp & set aside to settle down matter
Fluid decanted & filtered
Boil to avoid further fermentation
Filled in bottle and sealed

30. • Medicines prepared in the form of tablet known as vati
• Medicines prepared in the form of pills known as ghutika
Ghutika & vati

31. Method of preparation
• All the ingredients are measured & pounded in the
khalva yantra separately
• Filter the powdered ingredients through the sieve
• Powdered Bhallathaka is made into paste during
QS gomutra first
• The remaining churnas are added & bhavana was
continue until fine paste is obtained
• The paste is rolled into pill of Gunjaa size i.e;
125mg

32. Churna • Churna is a fine powder of drugs.