brief review of socialisation,how it affects our lifestyle, who affects it,theories about socialisation..

1. socialization
By
Nikhil gupta
NIKHIL GUPTA
12BME0019

2. DEFINITION

3. MAN A SOCIAL ANIMAL
 The child becomes a man or person
through variety of experiences.
 Every society prescribes its own
way and means of giving social
training to its new born members
so that they may develop their own
personality.
 The process of socialization is
conditioned by culture.
 Socialization means the process
whereby an individual becomes a
functioning member of the society

4. TYPES OF SOCIALISATION
Ian Robertson (1977) has mentioned four types of
socialization.
 Primary socialization
 It takes place in the early years of life of the newborn. It
concentrates on the teaching of language and cognitive skills,
establishment of emotional ties, and appreciation of other roles.
 Anticipatory socialization
 Men not only learn the culture of the group of which they
immediate member. They may also learn the culture group to
which they do not belong.

5.  Developmental socialization
 This kind of learning is based on the achievements of
primary socialization.
 It builds on already acquired skills and knowledge as the
adult progresses through new situations such as marriage
and job.
 Re-Socialization
 ‘Re-socialization’- “the stripping away of learned patterns
and substitution of new ones for them”

6. Factors of process of socialization
 Imitation
 Children imitate others
 Language acquired by imitation
 Suggestion
 Process of communicating information
 Suggestion influences behaviour
 Identification
 Through identification he becomes sociable
 Language
 By language one learns folkways , morals.

7. Theories of Socialization
 George Herbert Mead’s Theory of ‘self’
 ‘the individual, largely through interaction, becomes aware of
himself’.
 The individual in order to get a picture of himself, plays the role of
others.
 The child tries to understand the relative roles of various individuals
involved in the same social context.
 The ‘self’ is a product of social interaction. It arises in ‘social
experience’.

9.  Durkheim’s Theory of ‘Collective Representation’
 The individual becomes socialized by adopting the behaviour
of his group.
 ‘Collective representation’ is “the body of experiences, ideas
and ideals of a group upon which the individual unconsciously
depends for his ideas, attitudes and behaviours”.
 ‘Collective representation’ have a great force because they
collectively created and developed.

12. Agents of socialisation
 FAMILY
 Primary and chief agent of socialisation upto
first 5 years
 Family provides a child first social contact with
the world.
 Parents shape personality and also guide
behaviour using rewards and punishments.

13.  SCHOOL
 The school helps the child to adapt to social order
through the hidden curriculum and functions in
order to prepare the latter for a stable adult life.
 school is specialised to impart certain technical,
intellectual skills and cultural heritage of society so
that the individual is able to integrate society

14.  PEER GROUPS
 Peer group are usually people who are of the same age and
have similar status
 As an adult, criteria is usually based on common interests,
activities, similar income level and status
 Learn to make relationships and work together within a group

15.  THE MASS MEDIA
 In the modern times, the mass media exerts a
powerful socialising influence
 the media can create, manage and control our
impressions of what should be seen as real, important
and normative