3. Specific Defense (pg 8)
• Third line of defense
• Results in immunity
Characteristics:
1. Specific: recognizes and acts against
particular pathogens
4. Specific Defense (pg 8)
• Third line of defense
• Results in immunity
Characteristics:
1. Specific: recognizes and acts against
particular pathogens
2. Systemic: immunity is not restricted to the
initial infection site
5. Specific Defense (pg 8)
• Third line of defense
• Results in immunity
• Characteristics:
1. Specific: recognizes and acts against
particular pathogens
2. Systemic: immunity is not restricted to the
initial infection site
3. Memory: Mounts an even stronger attack on
pathogens that have been previously
encountered
6. Definitions
• Antigen: molecules that are recognized as
foreign by the body. Bacteria and other
pathogens bear such foreign molecules on
the surface of their cells.
7. Definitions
• Antigen: molecules that are recognized as
foreign by the body. Bacteria and other
pathogens bear such foreign molecules on
the surface of their cells.
• Antibody: Y-shaped proteins produced by
the body. Each antibody attacks only one
particular antigen and disables it. “Predator
drones”
8. Types of Lymphocytes
• All lymphocytes are made in the bone
marrow, but they go to different places to
become immunocompetent (capable of
responding to a specific antigen)
9. Types of Lymphocytes
• All lymphocytes are made in the bone
marrow, but they go to different places to
become immunocompetent (capable of
responding to a specific antigen)
• T-lymphocytes (70%): mature in the thymus.
Involved in cell-mediated immunity, where t-
lymphocytes directly attack antigens. Most
effective against virus-infected cells, cancer
cells, foreign tissue, fungi, protozoans
10. Types of Lymphocytes
• T-lymphocytes (70%): mature in the thymus.
Involved in cell-mediated immunity, where t-
lymphocytes directly attack antigens. Most
effective against virus-infected cells, cancer
cells, foreign tissue, fungi, protozoans
• B-lymphocytes (30%): mature in the bone
marrow. Involved in antibody-mediated
immunity. B-lymphocytes don’t attack
directly, but produce antibodies that bind to
the antigen and inactivate it. Most effective
against bacteria, viruses outside of cells, and
toxins
11. Output (pg 9)
• Paste in Antibody-mediated and Cell-mediated
immunity diagrams
13. Acquired Immunity (pg 10)
• Active: Individual’s own body produces
memory T-cells and B-cells
14. Acquired Immunity (pg 10)
• Active: Individual’s own body produces
memory T-cells and B-cells
• Passive: Immune agents are made in someone
else’s body and then transferred to the
individual
15. Acquired Immunity (pg 10)
1. Active natural: Contract a disease and
produce memory cells
16. Acquired Immunity (pg 10)
1. Active natural: Contract a disease and
produce memory cells
2. Active artificial: receive a vaccination and
produce memory cells
17. Acquired Immunity (pg 10)
1. Active natural: Contract a disease and
produce memory cells
2. Active artificial: receive a vaccination and
produce memory cells
3. Passive natural: baby receive maternal
antibodies through placenta or breast milk
18. Acquired Immunity (pg 10)
1. Active natural: Contract a disease and
produce memory cells
2. Active artificial: receive a vaccination and
produce memory cells
3. Passive natural: baby receive maternal
antibodies through placenta or breast milk
4. Passive artificial: receive antiserum that
contains antibodies produced in another
host. Used to treat rabies, botulism, bites
from venomous snakes and spiders
