Bridges 2 Unit 3

Student's Book

Unit 3. Shopping

VOCABULARY

1. Look at each of the pictures and name at least one thing you could buy there.
1. books, computers, comics, video games
1. car boot sale
2. shirts, jackets, trousers, handbags, belts, sweaters
2. boutique
3. apples, oranges, bananas, peppers, tomatoes, potatoes, cabbages
3. greengrocer's
4. necklaces, bracelets, rings, earrings, scarves, hats, caps
4. flea market
5. shelves, chairs, tables, desks, lamps
5. chain store
6. clothes, mobiles, iPods, computers, airline tickets
6. online shopping site
2. Look at the pictures again. Where do you think you can do the following?
1. a car boot sale: buy second-hand items, bargain over the price
2. a boutique: get a discount, return purchases, use a credit card, find designer brands, get a refund
3. a greengrocer's: use a credit card
4. a flea market: bargain over the price
5. a chain store: return purchases, use a credit card, pay in instalments, get a refund
6. an online shopping site: use a credit card, buy secondhand items, find designer brands
3. Choose two pictures and compare them. What are the advantages and disadvantages of shopping at each one?
POSSIBLE ANSWERS
An advantage of a car boot sale is that you can find very cheap items which people sell because they don't really need them. A disadvantage of a car
boot sale is that you can't use a credit card or get a refund if you are unhappy with your purchase.
An advantage of a big chain store like Ikea is that you can easily pay in instalments, but a disadvantage is that you can't bargain over the prices.
4. When shopping, who would say each of the following - a shop assistant or a customer?
A shop assistant 1,6, 7, 10, 11, 12
A customer 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9

5. With a partner, form mini- dialogues by making suitable pairs of sentences from Exercise 4.
POSSIBLE ANSWERS
Can I help you?
No, thank you. I'm just looking. Can I help you?
Yes, I'm looking for some jeans.
How much is this? It's half-price today.
Have you got another size?
No, we've only got it in medium. What size are you?

READING
1. Scanning: Scan the text to find the information below. Look for numbers and capital letters.
1: eBay
2: £4 billion
3: £92
4: Richard Kanareck
2. Read the text and answer the questions.
1. In the past, what could people do with unwanted gifts?
In the past, people either passed unwanted gifts on to somebody else, got rid of them or kept them without actually using them.
2. What is re-homing?
Re-homing is selling unwanted gifts on eBay to people who are really interested in them.
3. What are the two advantages of re-homing?
The two advantages of re-homing are that the original owner will be able to make some money and that unwanted gifts will go to new owners who will
appreciate them.
3 Decide whether the sentences are true or false. Find evidence in the text to support your answers.
1. Only unwanted gifts are sold on eBay.
False. eBay is an Internet site where you can buy new or second-hand items, (lines 15-16)
2. On average, only five out of every seven Christmas gifts in the UK are used by the recipients.
True. "Research showed that each person in the United Kingdom would receive an average of seven Christmas presents, but that two of these gifts
would never be used." (lines 22-25)
3. The seller decides who receives the item for sale.

False. The seller can decide on a reserve price, but the item will be sold to the highest bidder.
4 Why do you think Richard Kanareck is "quick to point out the advantages" of re- homing?
Richard Kanareck is quick to point out the advantages of re-homing because he is a spokesperson for eBay and he is obviously interested in the success
of this phenomenon as eBay also benefits financially from re-homing.
5 Read the words and expressions below and identify the parts of speech, where possible. Think of any synonyms you
might know in English. Then find words or expressions in the text that have got similar meanings.
1. things (paragraph I)
items
2. price (paragraph II)
cost
3. financial offer (paragraph III)
bid
4. easier (paragraph III)
more convenient
5. indicate (paragraph IV)
point out
6 Words from the Text: Complete the following summary of the text on page 33. Use the words.
owner • site • gifts • average • appreciates • get rid of
People who get unwanted (1) GIFTS at Christmas can now (2) GET RID OF them and make some money at the same time, thanks to a (3) SITE on the
Internet called eBay. People at eBay describe this as "re-homing". On (4) AVERAGE each person in the UK receives seven Christmas presents, but two
of these are usually unwanted. Re-homing, says a spokesman for eBay, means that the new (5) OWNER will get something he or she (6)APPRECIATES,
and the person who offers the unwanted gift has the opportunity to make some money.

GRAMMAR
Read the facts about eBay and answer the questions.
eBay was founded in 1995 by computer programmer Pierre Omidyar. People in over 30 countries use eBay.
Certain items like alcohol and tobacco cannot be offered on eBay. The site is constantly checked so that no illegal items are sold.
Some weird things have been sold on eBay, such as water from a cup that Elvis Presley had used.
1. Look at the verbs in bold. Which are passive? Which are active?
Passive – was founded, cannot be offered, is checked, are sold, have been sold. Active – use, had used
2. How are the passive verbs in bold formed?
Passive verbs are formed with the appropriate tense of the verb to be and the participle of the main verb.
3. Is the passive formed in the same way in your language? What are the similarities/differences?

In Spanish, the passive is formed in a similar way using the right form of the verb ser (similar to the verb to be in English) and a participle. However, in
Spanish we also have another passive form called the reflex passive in which there is neither the verb ser nor a participle.
4. Why is the word by used in the first fact?
In the first fact, the word by is used to introduce the agent of the action, who is absolutely relevant in this particular situation.
1. Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use the passive.
1. After we had complained, we WERE OFFERED a discount.
2. The bill WILL BE SENT to you next month.
3. Everything in this shop IS ARRANGED by colour.
4. By the time we got back to the hotel, the rooms HAD BEEN CLEANED.
5. HAS she BEEN TOLD the news yet?
2. Write the sentences in the passive form.
1: The gift was wrapped beautifully by the shop assistant.
2: Unwanted gifts are received every Christmas.
3: Everything had been arranged on the shelves by the time the customers arrived.
4: Dinner is being made by my boyfriend tonight.
5: The dog must be taken out for a walk.
3. Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use the active or passive.
1. Every year, thousands of gifts AREN'T USED by their recipients.
2. Brad FELT ill yesterday.
3. By the time we arrived at the party, dinner HAD BEEN SERVED.
4. You WILL BE GIVEN more information about the meeting by my secretary tomorrow.
5. Where DID you LOSE your wallet last night?
4. Read the Tip. Then write both passive forms of the sentences below.
1: You will be told the truth later. / The truth will be told to you later.
2: He has already been given the gift. / The gift has already been given to him.
3: The best competitor was awarded a gold medal by the judges. / A gold medal was awarded to the best competitor by the judges.
4: John shouldn't have been promised that salary increase. / That salary increase shouldn't have been promised to John.
5: Amy has to be told the truth by Tom. / The truth has to be told to Amy by Tom.
6: Mum is going to be given a special gift for her birthday. / A special gift is going to be given to Mum for her birthday

5. Complete the passage with the verbs in brackets. Use the active or passive.
A Loyal Customer
People always like to get a bargain, and shopowners know this well. As far back as 1896, the first "loyalty programme" (1) was introduced. People who
shopped at a particular shop (2) were given (give) a number of special stamps for every purchase they made. Once a certain number (3) had been
collected (collect), they might get a gift or a discount at the shop. Since then, the idea (4) has caught on (catch on) in a big way.
Today in many shops, stamps (5) have been replaced (replace) by magnetic cards, which (6) store (store) points that the shopper has earned. As with
stamps, these points (7) can be used (can / use) to get free or discounted items. Recently, a new loyalty programme, which uses mobile phones, (8) has
been developed (develop). A message (9) is sent (send) to a mobile phone offering a special discount. When the customer goes to the shop, his or her
phone number (10) is recognised (recognise) by the shop computer and the shopper (11) gets (get) the promised discount. So, keep shopping at your
favourite places - it might pay off!
6. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Use have I get something done.
1. I HAD the shopping DEIVERED (deliver) because it was too heavy.
2. We ARE HAVING our car REPAIRED (repair) at the moment because it has got a puncture.
3. She HASN'T HAD her hair CUT (not cut) for over a year.
4. I AM HAVING / AM GOING TO HAVE my room PAINTED (paint) a lighter colour next week.
5. I was unhappy with the product, so I HAD my money REFUNDED (refund).
7. Complete the sentences about each situation. Use the causative form and the words in brackets. Make any necessary
changes.
1. My jeans are too long on me. (shorten) I'm going to have them shortened.
2. Our dog was ill last week, (examine / vet) We got / had it examined by a vet.
3. They didn't pack their furniture by themselves, (pack / professionals) They had it packed by professionals.
4. People love reading Jane's poems, (publish) She should have them published.
5. They're not preparing the food themselves. (prepare / chef) They are having it prepared by a chef.

VOCABULARY
1. Complete the sentences with the words and expressions below
second-hand • brand-new • purchase • budget • imitations • discount • bargains consumers • debt • brand-name • rip-off • special offer • afford
1. Mike's Discs have got lots of CDs on special offer. You'll find lots of bargains there.
2. This dress is brand-new . I only bought it yesterday.
3. If you buy three books, you will get a ten per cent discount.
4. It seems to me that most consumers don't really know their rights after they have made a purchase.
5. You really shouldn't pay so much for these shoes. It's a real rip-off.
6. His new sports car was above his Budget. It's very smart, but not worth buying and getting into debt.
7. Excuse me - is this coat new or second–hand?
8. The man at the market says that he sells brand–name jeans, but they're too cheap. I think they are imitations.
9. I can't afford to buy these jeans. They're too expensive.
2. Read the statements in A and choose the most suitable continuation to each one in B. Check that you know the meaning
of the phrasal verbs in bold
h. Pick out the one that looks the nicest.
1. I really don't know which cake to buy.
d. I want to take it back.
2. The CD player I've just bought doesn't work.
e. You can pick it up later.
3. I left my new jacket in the shop.
f. Try on a few more.
4. I don't think that dress suits you.
a. Shop around and find the best bargains.
5. I haven't got much money to spend.
c. Pay for it by credit card.
6. I haven't got any money on me.
b. Check out the selection at Paul's Boutique.
7. I need to buy a fashionable shirt.
g. I take back what I said about her clothes.
8. I'm getting more used to her unique style.
3. Complete the sentences using phrasal verbs from Exercise 2. Make any necessary changes
1. I had tried on three jackets before the assistant brought one that I liked.
2. On his way home, Mr Bennett picked up a pizza from the new Italian restaurant
3. I took back the shirt to the shop because it was too small for me.
4. Yesterday, I checked out three shops, but couldn't find the shoes I wanted
5. I was embarrassed because I almost forgot to pay for the meal.
6. We shopped around until we found a television we could afford
7. Jenny picked out the cheapest perfume she could find.
8. I take back what I said about her. She really is a nice person

4. Complete the passage with the words and expressions below. Then listen and check your answers
purchases • consumers • pay for • bargain • debt • budget
SHOPAHOLICS
A recent survey among (1) consumers shows that there are more than 750,000 "shopaholics" in Britain alone. What exactly are "shopaholics"? They are
people who get into (2) debt because they can't stop buying things. They usually (3) pay for the things they buy by credit card even though they know
that they are spending more money than their (4) budget allows. A typical shopaholic tends to be an under-25-year-old woman who spends about 15%
of her income on fashion. Many shopaholics admit that they are addicted to shopping and even lie to others about the (5) purchases they have made.
So be careful! The next time you see a (6) bargain, ask yourself if you really need it before you buy it.

LOOKING BACK
Vocabulary

Grammar

1. Replace the words in bold with the words and
expressions below that have got a similar meaning
shop around • made a purchase • second-hand caught a cold •
bargains • overtime consumers • hired • company • imitations
1. Consumers should be aware of their rights.
2. He caught a cold after going out in the rain.
3. It's good to shop around before deciding what to buy.
4. Maureen was hired as soon as she had finished university.
5. There are several advantages to working in a large company.
6. You'll be expected to work overtime if necessary.
7. We saw at least ten sofas before we made a purchase.
8. We found some bargains at the market.
9. It's cheap and easy to buy second–hand books.
10. Everything in the shop is cheap because they are all imitations.

3. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the
verbs in brackets
1. Everything must be arranged (must / arrange) on the shelves before
the customers arrive.
2. The children are being put (put) to bed by their parents right now.
3. The girls admitted that they had stolen (steal) clothes from the
shops.
4. Customers with magnetic cards will be given (give) discounts next
week.
5. Yvonne had been using (use) the phone for two hours when her
mother told her to stop talking.
6. We had our furniture delivered (deliver) yesterday.

2 Complete the passage with the words and phrases
below
exhausted • job satisfaction • employer • strength discounts • pick
out • trying on • check out
Fashion Shop Assistants
Not just anyone can succeed as an assistant in a fashion shop. One
requirement is plenty of physical (1) strength because you have to
stand on your feet all day. You must also be clever, since your
(2) employer will expect you to be familiar with every item in the shop.
This includes prices as well as (3) discounts, which change from day to
day. You must understand your customers' needs, and be polite even if
they spend hours trying to (4) pick out what they want, and in the end,
decide to (5) check out another shop after (6) trying on 20 shirts! You'll
certainly be (7) exhausted by the end of every day. But if you survive
the first few months, you'll find it gets easier - and you might even
begin to enjoy it and have some (8) job satisfaction.

4. Rewrite the sentences with the words in brackets. Do
not change the original meaning.
1. A famous actor played the part of Superman, (by)
The part of Superman was played by a famous actor.
2. We're studying now. We started at seven o'clock, (since)
We have been studying since seven o'clock.
3. He should be given a prize, (to)
A prize should be given to him.
4. Will their photos be developed tomorrow? (get)
Will they get their photos developed tomorrow?
5. "I can't come with you tomorrow," Paula announced, (that)
Paula announced that she couldn't come with me / us the following /
next day.
6. They have just painted this chair, (has)
This chair has just been painted.
7. An electrician repaired the lamp for us. (had)
We had the lamp repaired by an electrician.

5. Complete the sentences with the words or phrases
below
although • due to • apparently • please find enclosed contact me •
finally
1. Janice won't speak to me. Apparently, she's quite upset.
2. Although the restaurant is not expensive, the food and the service
are excellent.

3. Please find enclosed.a cheque for £55.
4. Sam had been looking for a job for months when he finally found
one.
5. Please contact me in order to arrange an interview.
6. People are driving less these days due tothe high price of petrol.

WorkBook

VOCABULARY
1. Match the sentences in A with the sentences in B
1. "I forgot to bring cash."
b
2. "I'm a student Do I have to pay the full price?"
d
3. "I regret buying these!"
e
4. "I can't pay for this all at once!"
c
5. "I think this costs too much."
a
2. Choose the correct answer.
1. I'm going to the greengrocer's. I need to buy some fruit
2. You can always find old clothes in car boot sales.
3. I don't like online shopping. I don't like using the computer to do my shopping.
4. The trouble with a chain store is that they sell the same clothes everywhere,
5. The boutique near our house sells exclusive designs.
3. Complete the dialogue with the correct words or phrases below
bargain over the price • return purchases • use a credit card • market • second-hand items • pay in instalments
Mark: Some of these things look new. Are you sure this (l) market has only got (2) second-hand items?
Tina: Yes, and the best thing is that there are no price tags, so you can (3) bargain over the price.
Mark: Can you (4) use a credit card or do you have to pay in cash?
Tina: Most of the sellers only want cash. Also you can't pay in instalments. They want all the money now.
Mark: So I suppose you can't (6) return if you decide you'don't like something.
Tina: Right But its still a great place to shop.
Words from the Text
4. Complete the sentences with the words and phrases below.
get rid of • average • gifts • site • owner • appreciates
1. I've still got three GIFTS to buy for my family.
2. On average, I spend £10 when I go out with friends.
3. I don't like this sweater. I want to get rid of it.
4. Will the owner of a blue mobile phone please come to the office?
5. Dave really appreciates the help that I give him.

6. About a million people visited the site during the holidays.

GRAMMAR.

The Passive / The Causative

1. Complete the sentences with the correct passive form of the verbs in brackets.
1. London Fields was written (write) by Martin Amis.
2. By the time I got to the party, most of the food had been eaten (eat).
3. Our new chairs will be delivered (deliver) early next week.
4. Right now, the computer is being used (use).
5. I couldn't ride my motorbike last week because it was being repaired (repair).
6. I'm sure that his phone number can be found (can find) in the directory.
7. Has he been asked (ask) to take photos at the graduation ceremony yet?
8. The latest Johnny Depp film should not be missed (should not / miss)
2 Mark each sentence passive (P) or active (Al. Then complete the sentence without changing the meaning.
A 1. You can buy the concert tickets online. Tickets for the concert can be bought online.
P 2. My backpack was stolen! Someone stole my backpack!
A 3. The radio station is giving away 10 iPods next week. Ten iPods are being given away next week.
P 4. Beyonce's new CD hasn't been released yet Beyonce hasn't released her new CD yet.
A 5. How often do you have to walk your dog? How often does your dog have to be walked?
A 6. Everyone had heard the rumours about them for a long time. For a long time, rumours had been heard about them.
3 Write both passive forms of the sentences below
1. People give children too much junk food.
Children are given too much junk food. Too much junk food is given to children.
2. The airline should offer us money for our lost baggage.
We should be offered money for our lost baggage by the airline. Money should be offered to us by the airline for our lost baggage.
3. We will give you your change in a moment.
Your change will be given to you in a moment. You will be given vour change in a moment.
4. We gave the dog a bone.
The dog was given a bone. A bone was given to the dog.
5. They should have offered you a discount
You should have been offered a discount. A discount should have been offered to you.
6. The charity is asking for donations from the public.
Donations are being asked for from the public (by the charity). The public is being asked for donations (by the charity).
4 Complete the passage with the correct active or passive form of the verbs in brackets
A FAMOUS DEPARTMENT STORE

Selfridges is a department store in London where everything from food to designer brands (1) can be bought (can buy). Many services (2) are also
provided (provide) in the shop, from ear piercing to bicycle repairs.
Londoners (3) have shopped / have been shopping there for nearly a century, and it (4) is also visited (visit) by thousands of tourists every year. It
(5) has been located (locate) at the same address in Oxford Street since its establishment in 1909 by Harry Gordon Seifridge, an American. He (6) is
credited (credit) with bringing a new spirit of shopping to England, because he (7) used (use) unusual tactics to tempt customers to come to the shop.
For example, he arranged for the first plane that (B) had flown (fly) over the English Channel to be transported to London and displayed in the store.
Recently, Selfridges (9) has undergone (undergo) major renovations and opened branches in other English cities, thus ensuring that people (10) will
continue (continue) to enjoy this special store for a long time to come.
5 Complete the sentences using the causative (have / get something done) form of the verbs in brackets
1. Tomorrow I'm having / I'm going to have my picture taken (take) for my new passport.
2. She hasn't had her eyes examined (not examine) in over two years.
3. Last week. Sue had / got her hair coloured (colour) at the hairdressers.
4. We have/get our house cleaned (clean) every week because we're too busy to do it ourselves.
5. You should have/get the invitations printed (print) soon.
6 Write a sentence about each situation. Use the causative and the words in brackets. Make any necessary changes
1. This key doesn't work, (let's/ make /.) let's get / have a new key made.
2. Their windows were dirty, (clean.) They got / had their windows cleaned.
3. His camera is broken, (should / fix.) He should get / have his camera fixed.
4. They didn't g0 out for Chinese food, (deliver.) They had / got Chinese food delivered.
5. I love your hair! (where / cut ?) Where did you have / get it cut?
7 Rewrite the sentences. Use the words in brackets. Make any necessary changes
1. The teacher will tell me my exam mark tomorrow. (be) I will be told my exam mark tomorrow.
2. Richard Curtis directed that film, (by) That film was directed by Richard Curtis.
3. Someone repaired my mobile phone last week, (got) I got my mobile phone repaired last week.
4. Someone must take this rubbish bag outside, (be) This rubbish bag must be taken outside.
5. The dentist is going to clean Mike's teeth next week, (have) Mike is going to have his teeth cleaned next week.
6. The director hired an unknown actor for the part, (was) An unknown actor was hired for the part by the director.
7. The sales assistant is helping another customer at the moment, (helped) Another customer is being helped at themoment.
8. By noon, the box office had soid all the tickets, (been helped) By noon, all the tickets had been sold.
8 Correct the errors
1. Now, unwanted gifts are been sold on eBay. Now, unwanted gifts are being sold on eBay.
2. This gift was given my boyfriend for his birthday. His gift was given to my boyfriend for his birthday.
3. Last Christmas, thousands of gifts didn't be wanted by the recipients. Last Christmas, thousands of gifts weren't wanted bv the recipients
4. Your parents have to been told the truth as soon as possible. Your parents have to be told the truth as soon as possible.

5. I painted my bedroom last week while we were abroad. I had my bedroom painted last week while we were abroad
9 Translate the sentences into your own language
1. Second-hand items are easily sold on the Internet.
En internet se venden fácilmente artículos de segunda mano.
2. Designer brands can also be found on eBay.
En eBay tambien se pueden encontrar marcas exclusivas / de diseño.
3. Antonio Banderas has never been awarded as many prizes as Javier Bardem.
A Antonio Banderas nunca le han dado tantos premios como a Javier Bardem.
4. After complaining, I was offered a discount.
Después de quejarme. me ofrecieron un descuento.
5. Mum had her money refunded because she was unhappy with the product.
A mamá le devolvieron el dinero porque estaba descontenta con el producto.

VOCABULARY
1 Replace the words in bold with a suitable phrasal verb below. Make any necessary changes
take back • pay for • try on • pick up check out • pick out
1. I liked these boots when I put them on in the shop.
tried on
2. We chose a DVD at the rental shop.
picked out
3. Cindy is going to collect her new glasses.
pick up
4. Take a look at these great T-shirts!
Check out
5. John purchased the tickets with cash.
paid for
6. Steve didn't like the belt so he returned it to the shop.
took it back
2 Circle the correct answer to show that you have understood the meaning of the word or phrase in italics
1. In a recent survey, consumers were asked about their buying habits.
2. A special offer is available for a short time.
3- Her boss was angry because she had spent more than the budget allowed.
4. Jeremy's flat is brand-new. Nobody lived in it before him.
5. These purchases cost a lot of money
3 Choose the sentence that is closer in meaning to the original sentence
1. Unfortunately, this diamond's an imitation. (b) It looks real, but it's fake.
2. Jason has got into debt. a. He's been spending too much.
3. That's a rip-off! (b) It's too expensive!
4. I'm not going to shop around for jeans. (b) I'm only going to go to one shop.
5. I can't afford these jeans. (a) I can only buy cheaper jeans.
4 Complete the passage with the correct form of the words or phrases below.
bargains • picked out • brand-new • taken back check out • budget • consumers • special offer purchases • second-hand • paid for
SHOPPING IN PARLEY
Shoppers will find plenty of choice in Darley. Those with a large (I) budget should look at the trendy boutiques and the brand-name merchandise in
Ashley Place. (2) Consumers with less money to spend should (3) check out the (4) bargains and items on (5) social offer in the small shops in Oartey
Road. There is also the famous flea-market! There, (6) second–hand clothes in good condition can be found, along with a wide selection of (7) brand-

new leather goods. At the market everything must be (8) paid for in cash. In addition, make sure you have (9) picked out exactly what you want, since
(10) purchases cannot be (11) taken back.

WRITING

A Formal Letter of Application

1 Replace the words in bold with words from the list below
apparently • consequently • although • obviously
1. There is no doubt that you will pay less for this if you wait for the sale. Obviously
2. In spite of the fact that the shoes were slightly too large, she decided to buy them. Although
3. The sales assistants in that shop were rude. As a result, many of the shop's customers began to shop elsewhere. Consequently,
4. It seems that the prices are much higher than they were last year. Apparently

EXTRA READING
1. Scan the text and find the name of a company
Shop Text.
2 Now read the whole text and choose the best answer.
1. Today, magazine advertisements… c. are often not successful at selling products
2. Shop Text … (a) accepts orders with a text code
3. Using m-commerce … (a) requires a mobile phone.
3 Write four words from the text that have got the same sound as:
show /•/ rubbish, Shop, shoppers, ships, shopping
4 Answer the questions
Why is the system developed by ShopText likely to become popular amongst shoppers?
People are rarely without their mobile phones. You don't need an Internet connection.
2. According to the writer, why might m–commerce be dangerous?
It's so easy lo purchase things, that people may spend more money than they intend to.
5 Find words or expressions in the text that mean the same as:
1. immediately (paragraph 2)
on the spot / straight away
2. just (paragraph 2)
simply
3. especially (paragraph 4)
particularly
4. developing ( (paragraph 4)
evolving
5. workable (paragraph 5)
viable

CHECK YOUR PROGRESS
Vocabulary
1. Mark the sentences T (true) or F (false). Then correct the false sentences
F 1. If you get a discount you pay more than the normal price. 1. You pay less than the normal price.
F 2. Consumers are the people who sell things. 2. Consumers are the people who buy things.
F 3. A rip-off is something that you paid a reasonable price for. A rip-off is something that you pay an unreasonable price for.
F 4. People try on clothes to see how much they cost. People try on clothes to see how they look.
F 5. Something that is brand-new has been used. Something that is brand-new has never been used
T 6. If you get into debt, you have spent too much money.
T 7. An imitation looks real, but it isn't
F 8. If you shop around, you look in only one shop. If you shop around, you look in many shops.
2. Complete the sentences with the correct form of words and expressions below. Make any other necessary changes
pay for • brand-name • purchase • pick it up • budget bargain • special offer • take it back
1. People often pay a lot of money for brand name clothes.
2. Our jeans are on special offertoday. Don't wait till tomorrow to buy!
3. The book you ordered has arrived at the shop. Pick it up whenever you like.
4. We'd love to buy a flat but it's beyond our budget.
5. Patricia offered to pay for the meal at the restaurant.
6. I'd like to return this shirt. Do you think I can take it back to the shop?
7. Did you really pay only £2 for that CD? What a bargain!
8. Think carefully before you decide to make a purchase.

Grammar
3 Mark the following sentences A (active) or P (passive). Then rewrite the active sentences in the passive, and the passive
sentences in the active
A 1. They have already sent a letter to Beverly. Beverly has already been sent a letter. / A letter has already been sent .to. Beverly.
P 2. The Sistine Chapel was painted by Michelangelo. Michelangelo painted the Sistene Chapel.
A 3. They are building some new houses near our school. Some new houses are being built near our school.
P 4. The problem has been solved by a group of experts. A group of experts has solved the problem.
A 5. Were they telling me the truth? Was the truth being told to me? Was I being told the truth?
4 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the causative
1. I made a few phone calls while my sister was having / getting her hair done (do).
2. I had / got my car washed (wash) last week, and now it's dirty again.

3. We've decided that we' re going to have / get our new house designed (design) by an architect.
4. Cart has/gets his house painted (paint) at least once every five years.

Writing
5 Replace the expressions in bold with the words below.
obviously • although • finally • apparently • consequently
1. They decided to give big discounts at the shopping centre this weekend. As a result of this decision, the place is crowded.
Consequently
2. It is very clear that these shoes are a rip–off. Obviously
3. In spite of the fact that they were the wrong colour, I decided to buy the boots.
Although
4. After thinking about it for a long time, I decided not to waste my money on make up.
Finally
5. Many people have the impression that the shop is very successful.
Apparently

Bridges 2 Unit 3

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Bridges 2 Unit 3