English for Bachillerato

1. PASSIVE II
Subordinate Sentences made Passive
JJSE Feb 2013

2. Esta construcción requiere dos oraciones, una principal y una subordinada.
La oración principal:
People think
La oración subordinada:
that Jill is a very intelligent person.

3. Observamos que la oración principal no tiene Objeto Directo
People think
En realidad SÍ tiene, el Objeto Directo es la oración subordinada:
What do people think?
that Jill is a very intelligent person.

4. La oración principal contiene uno de estos verbos:
acknowledge
allege
admitir, reconocer
afirmar, alegar
assume
suponer
believe
creer
claim
reclamar, reivindicar
consider
considerar
estimate
calcular, hacer una estimación, pero no 'sentir estima'
expect
esperar = tener esperanza

5. feel
sentir
find
encontrar, descubrir
know
saber
make
hacer, obligar
presume
report
suponer
decir, informar
say
decir
see
ver
think
understand
pensar, creer
entender

6. Primero: separamos las oración principal de la subodinada
People think that Jill is a very intelligent person.

7. Segundo: tomamos el sujeto de la oración subordinada…
People think
y lo colocamos al comienzo.
that Jill is a very intelligent person.

8. Tercero: averiguamos el tiempo del verbo principal…
People think
that
is a very intelligent person.
Jill
think = Present Simple

9. y ponemos 'to be' después del sujeto, en ese mismo tiempo
People think
that
is a very intelligent person.
Jill is
To be = Present Simple

10. Cuarto: el Past Participle del verbo principal
People think
that
is a very intelligent person.
Jill is thought
think = thought

11. Quinto: el verbo de la oración subordinada en infinitivo
People
that
Jill is thought to be
is
= to be
is a very intelligent person.

12. Sexto: añadimos el resto de la oración
People think
Jill is thought to be
that
a very intelligent person

13. Final: añadimos el sujeto de la oración principal al final, con 'by'
Jill is thought to be a very intelligent person by people.
¡pero no en este caso!

14. Un fenómeno indeseable es el uso de un pronombre personal con una
referencia posterior:
Tom's sister believe that he is very generous
1 2
3
4
5
6
He is believed to be very generous by Tom's sister.
Esta frase sería correcta si 'He' fuese una
persona, y 'Tom' fuese otra persona distinta.

15. Corrección:
Tom's sister believe that he is very generous
Tom is believed to be very generous by his sister.