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Bound morpheme is a morpheme which 
cannot stand on their own word. Bound 
morpheme must be attached to a free 
morpheme in order to form a new word.
Word Free morpheme Bound 
morpheme 
Function 
walks Walk - - s To show tenses 
and plurality 
Unhappy Happy Un - - To change the 
meaning of a 
word 
Walked Walk - - ed To show tenses 
Disagree agree Dis - - To change the 
meaning of a word
Prefix Main area of meaning Examples 
Auto- Self, without help Automatic, automobile, 
Bi- Two Bicycle, binary, biped, 
bilingual, bifocal 
Bio- Living organism Biology, biodegradable, 
biography, biodiversity 
Co- Together Cooperative, coordinate, 
cohabit, coeducation 
Dec- Ten Deciliter, decimate, 
decapods, decade, decibel 
Sub- Below Submarine, substandard, 
subhuman, submerge 
Tri- Three Triangle, tripod, triennium, 
trilogy, tricycle
Prefix Part of speech Examples 
--en Verb or adjective Soften, darken, widen, 
broken, golden, spoken 
--cal Adjective Musical, practical, 
historical, theatrical 
--ing Present participle and 
gerund 
Swimming, reading, 
opening, walking, 
listening, learning 
--ism noun Tourism, fascism, 
racism, Hinduism
--ly Adverb Happily, slowly, 
--ship noun Relationship, 
partnership 
--wards Adjective and adverb Backwards, 
homewards, 
upwards
Apart from the regular morphemes as described 
above, there are “irregular” morphemes. Some 
linguists called them “marked” morphemes in that 
they do not follow the rules in word-information.
Affixes
Morphology
Morphology
Morphology

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Morphology

  • 1.
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6. Bound morpheme is a morpheme which cannot stand on their own word. Bound morpheme must be attached to a free morpheme in order to form a new word.
  • 7. Word Free morpheme Bound morpheme Function walks Walk - - s To show tenses and plurality Unhappy Happy Un - - To change the meaning of a word Walked Walk - - ed To show tenses Disagree agree Dis - - To change the meaning of a word
  • 8.
  • 9. Prefix Main area of meaning Examples Auto- Self, without help Automatic, automobile, Bi- Two Bicycle, binary, biped, bilingual, bifocal Bio- Living organism Biology, biodegradable, biography, biodiversity Co- Together Cooperative, coordinate, cohabit, coeducation Dec- Ten Deciliter, decimate, decapods, decade, decibel Sub- Below Submarine, substandard, subhuman, submerge Tri- Three Triangle, tripod, triennium, trilogy, tricycle
  • 10.
  • 11. Prefix Part of speech Examples --en Verb or adjective Soften, darken, widen, broken, golden, spoken --cal Adjective Musical, practical, historical, theatrical --ing Present participle and gerund Swimming, reading, opening, walking, listening, learning --ism noun Tourism, fascism, racism, Hinduism
  • 12. --ly Adverb Happily, slowly, --ship noun Relationship, partnership --wards Adjective and adverb Backwards, homewards, upwards
  • 13. Apart from the regular morphemes as described above, there are “irregular” morphemes. Some linguists called them “marked” morphemes in that they do not follow the rules in word-information.
  • 14.
  • 15.
  • 16.
  • 17.
  • 18.
  • 19.
  • 20.
  • 21.
  • 22.