[Slideshare] tafaqqahu-(2014)-#6(c) -daily-application-(swolah-prerequisite-for-acceptance-(29-november-2014)

UNDERSTANDING OF THE DEEN (AL-ISLAM)
Intermediate Islamic (FIQH) course in English
Conducted by Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail
IINN TTHHEE NNAAMMEE OOFF AALLLLAAHH,,
MMOOSSTT CCOOMMPPAASSSSIIOONNAATTEE,,
MMOOSSTT MMEERRCCIIFFUULL..
LLEESSSSOONN ## 66 ((cc))
UUssiinngg tteexxtt && ccuurrrriiccuulluumm hhee hhaass ddeevveellooppeedd eessppeecciiaallllyy ffoorr
MMuusslliimm ccoonnvveerrttss aanndd yyoouunngg AAdduulltt EEnngglliisshh--ssppeeaakkiinngg MMuusslliimmss..
““TToo sseeeekk kknnoowwlleeddggee iiss oobblliiggaattoorryy uuppoonn eevveerryy MMuusslliimm ((mmaallee && ffeemmaallee))””
All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2014))
"O my Lord! Let my entry be by the Gate of
Truth and Honour, and likewise my exit by the
Gate of Truth and Honour; and grant me from
Thy Presence an authority to aid (me)”
(Qur’an: Isra’: 17: 80)
DDaaiillyy aapppplliiccaattiioonn ooff FFIIQQHH
BBAABB-- ‘‘AL-SWOLAH’
PPrree--rreeqquuiissiittee ffoorr iittss aacccceeppttaannccee --
((BBaassiiss rreeggaarrddiinngg oobblliiggaattoorryy SSwwoollaahh))
Updated 29 November 2014

From the previous classes, you would have been familiar with
the methodology of studying fiqh in Islam, especially on the
importance of going back to the basis (dalil).
Therefore in future, my slides/ hand-outs will not contain
elaborate explanations, but will be brief but with emphasis on
basis (therefore you are to give special attention to practice,
and to memorize) on the explanation and these basis - Qur'an
or Hadith (especially those which I painstakingly provide with –
or without - the transliteration to ease those new converts).

SSTTAATTEE OOFF
PPUURRIITTYY

aa.. MMUUSSTT BBEE AA MMUUSSLLIIMM –– ppuurriittyy iinn bbeelliieeff ;; aacckknnoowwlleeddggiinngg tthhaatt oonnllyy
AAllllaahh iiss ggoodd,, tthheerree iiss nnoo ootthheerr ggoodd eexxcceepptt HHiimm aalloonnee,, wwiitthhoouutt
ppaarrttnneerrss nnoorr rriivvaall ((AAQQEEEEDDAAHH--SSAAHHEEEEHHAA))..
””IInnddeeeedd,, AAllllaahh lloovveess tthhoossee wwhhoo aarree ccoonnssttaannttllyy
rreeppeennttaanntt aanndd lloovveess tthhoossee wwhhoo ppuurriiffyy tthheemmsseellvveess..““
((QQuurr’’aann:: BBaaqqaarraahh:: 22:: 222222))

aa.. MMUUSSTT BBEE AA MMUUSSLLIIMM –– ppuurriittyy iinn bbeelliieeff ;; aacckknnoowwlleeddggiinngg tthhaatt oonnllyy
AAllllaahh iiss ggoodd,, tthheerree iiss nnoo ootthheerr ggoodd eexxcceepptt HHiimm aalloonnee,, wwiitthhoouutt
ppaarrttnneerrss nnoorr rriivvaall ((AAQQEEEEDDAAHH--SSAAHHEEEEHHAA))..
“O ye who believe! The idolaters (polytheists) only are unclean
(NAJASUN). So let them not come near the (MASJIDIL HARAM)
Inviolable Place of Worship after this their year. ”
(Qur’an: Taubah: 9: 28)

Say, [O Muhammad], "Shall we [[bbeelliieevveerrss]] iinnffoorrmm yyoouu
ooff tthhee ggrreeaatteesstt lloosseerrss aass ttoo [[tthheeiirr]] ddeeeeddss?? [[TThheeyy aarree]]
tthhoossee wwhhoossee eeffffoorrtt iiss lloosstt iinn wwoorrllddllyy lliiffee,, wwhhiillee tthheeyy
tthhiinnkk tthhaatt tthheeyy aarree ddooiinngg wweellll iinn wwoorrkk.."" TThhoossee aarree tthhee
oonneess wwhhoo ddiissbbeelliieevvee ((KKAAFFAARRUU)) iinn tthhee vveerrsseess ooff tthheeiirr LLoorrdd
aanndd iinn [[tthheeiirr]] mmeeeettiinngg HHiimm,, ssoo tthheeiirr ddeeeeddss hhaavvee bbeeccoommee
wwoorrtthhlleessss;; aanndd WWee wwiillll nnoott aassssiiggnn ttoo tthheemm oonn tthhee DDaayy ooff
RReessuurrrreeccttiioonn aannyy iimmppoorrttaannccee..””
((QQuurr’’aann::KKaahhffii:: 1188:: 110033--110055))

bb.. MMUUSSTT BBEE IINN SSTTAATTEE OOFF PPUURRIITTYY –– ffrreeee ffrroomm mmiinnoorr oorr mmaajjoorr cceerreemmoonniiaall
iimmppuurriittyy ((HHAADDAATTHH//JJAANNAABBAAHH))

““OO YYOOUU wwhhoo hhaavvee aattttaaiinneedd ttoo ffaaiitthh!! WWhheenn yyoouu aarree aabboouutt ttoo
pprraayy ((SSWWOOLLAAHH)),, wwaasshh yyoouurr ffaaccee ((FFAAGGHHSSIILLUU WWUUJJUUUU--HHAAKKUUMM)),,
aanndd yyoouurr hhaannddss aanndd aarrmmss ((WWAA--AAYY--DDII--YYAAKKUUMM)) uupp ttoo tthhee
eellbboowwss ((IILLAALL--MMAA--RRAAAA--FFIIQQ)) aanndd ppaassss yyoouurr [[wweett]] hhaannddss lliigghhttllyy
((WWAAMM--SSAA--HHUU)) oovveerr yyoouurr hheeaadd ((BBII--RRUU--UUUU--SSIIKKUUMM)),, aanndd [[wwaasshh]]
yyoouurr ffeeeett uupp ttoo tthhee aannkklleess ((WWAA--AARR--JJUU--LLAAKKUUMM-- IILLAALL--KKAA’’--
BBAAIINN))..””
((QQuurr’’aann:: MMaaaa--iiddaahh:: 55:: 66))

““((LLAAAA--YYUUQQ--BBAALLUULL--LLAAAAHHII)) AAllllaahh ddooeess nnoott aacccceepptt ((AASS--SSWWOOLLAAHH))
tthhee pprraayyeerr ooff oonnee wwhhoo ((AAHH--DDAATTHHAA)) ppaasssseess wwiinndd ((ii..ee.. nnuulllliiffiieedd
hhiiss ssttaattee ooff cceerreemmoonniiaall ppuurriittyy)),, ((HHAATTTTAA)) uunnttiill hhee ppeerrffoorrmmss tthhee
AAbblluuttiioonn ((WWUUDDHHUU'')) aaggaaiinn..””
((HHaaddiitthh rreeppoorrtteedd bbyy BBuukkhhaarryy,, AAbbuu DDaawwuudd aanndd TTiirrmmiiddzzii))

““AAnndd iiff yyoouu aarree iinn aa ssttaattee ooff JJAANNAABBAAHH ((ssttaattee ooff cceerreemmoonniiaall
iimmppuurriittyy rreeqquuiirriinngg ttoottaall aabblluuttiioonn)),, tthheenn ppuurriiffyy yyoouurrsseellvveess..””
((QQuurr’’aann:: MMaaaa--iiddaahh:: 55:: 66))

FFIIVVEE
PPRREE--RREEQQUUIISSIITTEESS
FFOORR SSWWOOLLAAHH
CCUULLTTUURREE OOFF HHYYGGEEIINNEE;; CCLLEEAANNLLIINNEESSSS;;
MMAANNAAGGEEMMEENNTT OOFF PPUURRIITTYY OOFF WWAATTEERR
WWAATTEERR EENNGGIINNEEEERRIINNGG,, AAQQUUAA--DDUUCCTT,,
FFOOUUNNTTAAIINNSS,, SSTTRREEAAMMSS,, IIRRRRIIGGAATTIIOONN
BBAATTHHIINNGG ,, ((HHAAMMAAMM)) BBAATTHHEE HHOOUUSSEESS
STATE OF PURITY

MMOODDEESSTTLLYY AATTTTIIRREE DD

aa.. PPRROOPPEERR DDRREESSSSIINNGG –– aattttiirree mmuusstt ccoonncceeaall oonnee’’ss nnaakkeeddnneessss ((‘‘AAUURRAATT));;
ffrreeee ffrroomm iimmppuurriittiieess ((NNAAJJAASSAAHH));; aanndd tthheeyy aarree nnoott iilllleeggaallllyy aaccqquuiirreedd
((HHAALLAALL))..
””OO cchhiillddrreenn ooff AAddaamm!! wweeaarr ((ZZEEEE--NNAA--TTUUKKUUMM)) yyoouurr bbeeaauuttiiffuull
aappppaarreell aatt eevveerryy ttiimmee aanndd ppllaaccee ooff pprraayyeerr ((MMAASS--JJIIDD))””
((QQuurr’’aann:: AA’’rraaff:: 77:: 3311))

EEXXPPLLAANNAATTIIOONN
* According to Ibn Abbas r.a.the “adornment” (Arabic term
“zee-nat”) in this verse means “clothe or garment for
prayer” and, according to Raghib is “a [beautifying] thing
that does not disgrace or render unseemly … either in the
present world or in that which is to come”: thus, it signifies
anything of beauty in both the physical and moral
connotation of the word.” The word “masaa-jid” here is
referring to “Swolah” (the worship).

EEXXPPLLAANNAATTIIOONN
‘Aurah – refers to “nakedness” - parts of one’s body which
should be concealed from others, who are ajnabi (“stranger”
i.e. not a kin or siblings - those people whose relationship is
within the marriageable degree who is not one’s legal
spouse).
For male: The area between the navel to the knee” is the
‘aurah.
For ladies: “All her body except for the face and hands”

The Prophet s.a.w. said: “The ‘Aurat for men is between the
navel and the knees.”
(Hadith related by Daraquthni and Baihaqi)

The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) is
reported to have said to Asma', daughter of Abu Bakr
(may Allah be pleased with them): "O Asma'! Once a
girl reaches puberty, nothing of her body may be seen
(by non-mahram i.e. “ajnabi”) except this and these, (he
pointed to his face and hands while saying so)."

Jurhad r.a. reported,” The Messenger of Allah s.a.a.w.
passed by me when the cloak I was wearing did not cover my
thigh. He said, ‘Cover your thigh, for it is (part of) ‘aurah.”
(Hadith related by Ahmad, Abu Dawud, and Tirmidzi)

‘Aishah r.a. reported that: “The Messenger s.a.a.w. said:
’ Allah will not accept the prayer (SWOLAH) of a woman
who is an adult (has attained to age of puberty and
responsibility) except (when she covers herself) with a
head covering (termed “HIMAR”) “
(Hadith related by Five scholars of Hadith except Nasa-‘i)

It is also related that ‘Aishah r.a. was asked, “In how many
garments is a woman to pray?” She answered” “Go and
ask Ali ibn Abu Talib r.a. and then return to me and tell me
what he said.”
Ali’s answer was, “In a head cover and a long flowing
shirt.” This was told to ‘Aishah r.a. and she said, ”He has
told the truth.”

MODEST DRESSING; ADDED TO VARIETY OOFF EETTHHNNIICCIITTIIEESS;;
FFIIVVEE
FFOORR SSWWOOLLAAHH
PPRROOLLIIFFEERRAATTIIOONN OOFF UUSSEE OOFF VVAARRIIOOUUSS CCLLOOTTHHEESS MODE OF DRESSING

PPLLAACCEE FFOORR
PPRROOSSTTRRAATTIIOONN

aa.. PPLLAACCEE OOFF PPRROOSSTTRRAATTIIOONN ((SSAAJJDDAAHH)) –– mmuusstt bbee ffrreeee ffrroomm iimmppuurriittiieess
((NNAAJJAASSAAHH));; hhaavvee lleeggaall aacccceessss ((HHAALLAALL));; ssaaffeettyy ffrroomm ddaannggeerr;; ddooeess nnoott
iimmppeeddee ppuubblliicc aacccceessss..
““((AAllllaahh hhaass)) mmaaddee ffoorr mmee tthhee ((wwhhoollee ssuurrffaaccee ooff tthhee)) eeaarrtthh ppuurree aanndd aass aa
ppllaaccee ffoorr pprroossttrraattiioonn ((mmaassjjiiddaann));; tthhuuss wwhheerreevveerr aa ppeerrssoonn ffiinnddss hhiimmsseellff ttoo bbee,,
lleett hhiimm ppeerrffoorrmm hhiiss sswwoollaahh aatt tthhaatt ppllaaccee wwhhiicchh hhee ccaann ffiinndd ((hhiimmsseellff ttoo bbee))..””
((HHaaddiitthh rreeppoorrtteedd bbyy BBuukkhhaarryy MMuusslliimm aanndd AAhhmmaadd))

From Anas ibn Malik who said: once tthheerree ccaammee aann AArraabb
ppeeaassaanntt wwhhoo tthheenn uurriinnaatteedd iinn oonnee ccoorrnneerr ooff tthhee mmoossqquuee..
HHee wwaass ssccoollddeedd ((bbyy tthhee ppeeooppllee bbuutt)) tthhee MMeesssseennggeerr
ss..aa..aa..ww.. ssttooppppeedd tthheemm ((ffrroomm ssccoollddiinngg hhiimm)).. TThheenn ((wwhheenn
tthhee AArraabb ffiinniisshheedd uurriinnaattiinngg)) tthhee MMeesssseennggeerr ss..aa..aa..ww..
ccaalllleedd ffoorr aa vveesssseell ooff wwaatteerr,, wwhhiicchh hhee ppoouurreedd iitt oovveerr tthhee
ppllaaccee ((oonn wwhhiicchh hhee uurriinnaatteedd tthheerreebbyy cclleeaannssiinngg iitt))..
(Hadith reported by Bukhary & Muslim)

FFIIVVEE
FFOORR SSWWOOLLAAHH
MOSQUES, RESPECT FOR ALL SURFACES ON THIS EARTH ,
PLACE

TTIIMMEESS FFOORR
PPEERRFFOORRMMAANNCCEE

aa.. TTIIMMEE –– hhaavvee tthhee kknnoowwlleeddggee ooff tthhee ttiimmee wwiitthhiinn wwhhiicchh aa ppaarrttiiccuullaarr
oobblliiggaattoorryy pprraayyeerr iiss bbeeiinngg ppeerrffoorrmmeedd..
““ sseett uupp rreegguullaarr pprraayyeerrss:: ffoorr ssuucchh pprraayyeerrss aarree eennjjooiinneedd oonn
bbeelliieevveerrss aatt ssttaatteedd ttiimmeess..””
((QQuurr’’aann:: AAnn--NNiissaa’’:: 44::110033))

TThhee pprreessccrriibbeedd ((FFAARRDDHH)) pprraayyeerrss aarree ffiivvee,, wwhhiicchh aarree oobblliiggaattoorryy ffoorr
eevveerryy MMuusslliimm wwhhoo hhaass rreeaacchheedd tthhee aaggee ooff ppuubbeerrttyy aanndd iiss ssaannee::
[[11]] TThhee ttiimmee ffoorr tthhee nnoooonn pprraayyeerr ((DDzzuuhhrr)) bbeeggiinnss aafftteerr tthhee ssuunn hhaass
mmoovveedd sslliigghhttllyy aafftteerr iittss zzeenniitthh ((ii..ee.. wwhheenn aann oobbjjeecctt’’ss sshhaaddooww bbeeggiinnss
ttoo ppeerrcceeppttiibbllyy ggrrooww,, aanndd eennddss wwhheenn aann oobbjjeecctt’’ss sshhaaddooww lleennggtthh
eeqquuaallss tthhee oobbjjeecctt’’ss hheeiigghhtt..

Anas r.a. narrated, “If it wwaass eexxttrreemmeellyy ccoolldd,, tthhee
PPrroopphheett ss..aa..aa..ww.. wwoouulldd pprraayy eeaarrllyy.. IIff iitt wwaass eexxttrreemmeellyy
hhoott,, hhee wwoouulldd wwaaiitt ffoorr iitt ttoo ccooooll ddoowwnn..””
((HHaaddiitthh rreeppoorrtteedd bbyy BBuukkhhaarryy))
NNoottee aallssoo::

NNoottee aallssoo::
AAbbuu DDzzaarr rr..aa.. rreellaatteess,, ““WWee wweerree wwiitthh tthhee PPrroopphheett ss..aa..aa..ww.. oonn
aa jjoouurrnneeyy.. WWhheenn tthhee ccaalllleerr ttoo pprraayyeerr ((mmuu’’eezzzziinn)) wwaanntteedd ttoo
ggiivvee aaddzzaann,, tthhee PPrroopphheett ss..aa..ww.. ssaaiidd ““LLeett iitt ccooooll ddoowwnn..”” TThhiiss
hhaappppeenneedd ttwwoo oorr tthhrreeee ttiimmeess,, uunnttiill wwee ssaaww tthhee sshhaaddoowwss ooff
tthhee hhiillllss.. TThheenn tthhee PPrroopphheett ss..aa..ww.. ssaaiidd,, ““TThhee eexxttrreemmee hheeaatt iiss
ffrroomm tthhee ffrraaggrraannccee ooff HHeellll.. IIff tthhee hheeaatt bbeeccoommeess eexxttrreemmee,,
ddeellaayy tthhee pprraayyeerr uunnttiill iitt bbeeccoommeess ccooooll..””
((HHaaddiitthh rreeppoorrtteedd bbyy BBuukkhhaarryy aanndd MMuusslliimm))

[2] The time of the mid-afternoon prayer (‘Asr) begins at the end of
the noon prayer’s time.
The preferred time i.e. recommended (mustahab) for it’s
performance ends when an object’s shadow is twice as long as the
object’s height, although the prayer is still permissible to be
performed until the sun sets.
Yet, it is undesirable (makruh) to wait until the sun’s light wanes.

“(HAAFIZUU) Observe and guard the prayers (SWOLAH)
and the mid-most prayer (SWOLAAA-TUL-WUTS-QA), and
stand with total submission to Allah.”
(Qur’an: Surah al-Baqarah: 2: 228)

Imam an-Nawawi r.a. said: “Our companions (Scholar of
Shafi’e madzhab) hold that the mid- afternoon prayer time can
be divided into five categories :
(1) the most virtuous time, (fadhilah)
(2) The preferred time (ikhtiyar)
(3) the allowable time (jawaz)
(4) the allowable time which is disliked (makruh)
(5) The time which is for those with excuse or for necessity (‘uzur).

Abu Hurayrah r.a. related that tthhee PPrroopphheett ss..aaww.. ssaaiidd::
““WWhhooeevveerr ccaattcchheess oonnee rraakkaa’’aahh ooff tthhee mmiidd--aafftteerrnnoooonn
pprraayyeerr ((sswwoollaahh aall--‘‘aassrr)) bbeeffoorree tthhee ssuunn sseettss aanndd
ccoonnttiinnuueess tthhee rreemmaaiinnddeerr ooff tthhee sswwoollaahh aafftteerr tthhee ssuunn
hhaass sseett hhaass nnoott mmiisssseedd tthhee mmiidd--aafftteerrnnoooonn pprraayyeerr..””
((HHaaddiitthh rreeppoorrtteedd bbyy JJaammaa’’aahh aanndd BBaaiihhaaqqii))

Referring to those who delay the prayer until the sun
becomes yellowish on the horizon (without valid excuse),
Anas r.a. related that he heard the Prophet s.a.w said: “That is the
prayer of the hypocrite: he waits until the sun is between the horns
of Satan, then he gets up and prays four quick raka’ah, and he does
not remember Allah therein except for a little.”
(Hadith reported by Jama’ah except for Bukhary and Ibn Majah)

[3] The time for the sunset prayer (Maghrib) begins when the sun has
completely set (below the horizon), and it ends when the red
disappear from the sky.
Note:
Imam an-Nawawi says “It is the opinion of the research scholars of
our companions (from Shafi’e madzhab) that ... it is allowed to
delay it as long as it is twilight. It is allowed to begin the prayer at
any time during that period. Yet it is greatly preferred to perform
it as early as possible”.

[4] The time for the night prayer (isha’) begins at the end of the
sunset prayer. The preferred time for it’s performance ends when a
third of the night has passed, although it is still permissible to perform
it until dawn.

Delaying performance of Isha’ is preferred:
Ayesha r.a. narrated, “One night the Prophet s.a.a.w.
prayed the night prayer after most of the night had gone
by and most of the people in the mosque had fallen asleep.
Then he came out, prayed, and said, ‘This would be the
proper time if it were not a hardship to my Ummah.”
(Hadith reported by Muslim and Nasa-‘i)

One should not sleep before performing the night prayer (Isha’),
nor have discussions after it.
Abu Barza al-Aslami r.a. related that “the Prophet
s.a.a.w. loved to delay the night prayer (to a time
which was called darkness, al-‘atmah), and he hated
sleeping before it and talking or discussions after it.”
(Hadith related by Jama’ah)

Ibn Mas’ud r.a. related: “The Messenger of Allah s.a.a.w.
ordered us not to talk after the night prayer.”
(Hadith reported by Ibn Majah)

Note (clarification):
 What is undesirable in the above is regarding vain and useless
talking.
 Discussion over beneficial matters is permissible from other
ahadith reports as observed from the Prophet s.a.a.w.’s practices.

[5] The time for the dawn prayer (Subh) begins at true dawn
(Fajr Sadiq) – when the horizon glows with light and remain until the
sun appears which mark the end of this prayer time. (Note: there is
what is termed false dawn [Fajr Kadzib] at which a dim light appears
for some minutes and then it disappear).
It is preferred to offer this swolah early within its permissible time
as the Prophet s.a.w. prayed the morning prayer (Subh) while still in
the darkness (of dawn), and would recite long recitation such that
when he finishes it, the dawn sky becomes “shiny.”

The PPrroopphheett ss..aa..aa..ww.. ssaaiidd:: ““The best of' the deeds
or deed is the (observance of) prayer (SWOLAH) at
its proper time and kindness to the parents..””
((HHaaddiitthh rreeppoorrtteedd bbyy MMuusslliimm))

TThhee PPrroopphheett ss..aa..aa..ww.. was asked: 'Which (A’MAL) deed is
the best (AFDWOL)?' So he said: 'Swolat in the
beginning of its time (AWWALI-WAQ-TIHA).‘
((HHaaddiitthh rreeppoorrtteedd bbyy TTiirrmmiiddzzii))

““Whoever missed performing SSwwoollaahh ((wwiitthhiinn iittss ttiimmee))
bbeeccaauussee ooff bbeeiinngg aasslleeeepp oorr hhaavvee ffoorrggootttteenn,, tthhee ttiimmee ffoorr hhiimm
ttoo ddoo iitt ((tthhee mmiisssseedd sswwoollaahh)) iiss wwhheenn hhee rreemmeemmbbeerrss aabboouutt iitt..””
((HHaaddiitthh rreeppoorrtteedd bbyy BBuukkhhaarryy aanndd MMuusslliimm))

Ibnu ‘Abbas r.a. said: The Messenger ooff AAllllaahh ss..aa..aa..ww..
uusseedd ttoo ccoommbbiinnee ((JJAAMMAA’’)) oobblliiggaattoorryy SSwwoollaahh ooff ZZuuhhrr’’
wwiitthh ‘‘AAssrr,, MMaagghhrriibb wwiitthh ‘‘IIsshhaa’’ ((wwhhiillee ddoommiicciilleedd ** )) iinn
MMaaddiinnaahh wwiitthhoouutt aappppaarreenntt rreeaassoonn ((eexxccuussaabbllee)) ooff ffeeaarr
((KKHHAAUUFF)),, oorr rraaiinn.. HHee wwaass tthheenn aasskkeedd aass ttoo wwhhyy ddiidd
tthheessee,, aanndd hhee rreepplliieedd ::””SSoo tthhaatt ((iitt bbeeccoommeess)) aa wwaayy oouutt
((ttoo eeaassee)) mmyy uummmmaahh ((bbyy sseettttiinngg tthhiiss pprreecceeddeennccee))..””
((HHaaddiitthh rreeppoorrtteedd bbyy MMuusslliimm))
** FFuullll rraakkaa’’aatt wwiitthhoouutt QQaassrr ((sshhoorrtteenniinngg)) aass tthhiiss QQaassrr oonnllyy ffoorr ttrraavveelleerrss ((mmuussaaffiirr))..

Abu Qatadah r.a. narrated that the Prophet s.a.aw. said:
“There is no negligence in sleep, but negligence occurs
while one is awake. If one of you forgets a prayer (swolah)
or sleeps through its time, then he should offer (perform) it
when he remembers it.”
(Hadith reported by Tirmidzi – also in Bukhary and Muslim)

WHAT CAN BE LEARNT?
From this majority Scholars inferred that missed performance of every
obligatory prayer (swolah) has to be re-paid by the doing of it (even
outside its time, termed as Qadha’) – since even those who missed doing
it with excuse (therefore not blameworthy i.e. even when they are not
regarded as sinning) has still required to perform it (make-up, even
beyond its stipulated time); therefore those purposely neglected ( who
is guilty of committing a sin, and * must repent and seek Allah’s
forgiveness) all the more, is obligatory upon them to performed what
has been missed by them.
• See addendum on “REPENTANCE”
– and conditions for acceptance of
forgiveness of sin.

WHAT CAN BE LEARNT?
According to Imam an-Nawawi r.a. who says: “There is
consensus among all scholars who matter, that whosoever
deliberately misses the prayer is obliged to make it up (Qadha’). “
Although there are today, differing opinions of scholars and
some people (relying on the opinions and arguments from
scholars of other madzaahib viz. Ibn Hazm, Ibn Taymiyyah and
others).

WHAT CAN BE LEARNT?
They felt that the above ruling - making it obligatory to make-up all
the prayer they had missed , whether by negligence (therefore
sinning) or otherwise (excusable) – this ruling might deter people
hoping to change by making repentance, into despair because of the
sheer number of Swolah that they have to make up as the
compulsory condition.
Bear in mind to distinguish that the issue of difference between
scholars of Shafi’ie madzhab with Ibn Hazm and Ibn Taymiyyah – was
what kind of reparation such people should be told to perform, are
there other instead that obligatory prayers missed?

WHAT CAN BE LEARNT?
While the Shafi’ie school specifies that they are required to
perform each and every particular obligatory prayer missed,
whereas Ibn Hazm, Ibn Taymiyyah and Ibn Qayyim stipulates (for
such person) they must perform as many and more
supererogatory prayer as those obligatory prayers they missed,
as make up.

WHAT CAN BE LEARNT?
This is because they deemed it to be invalid, the performance
of obligatory prayers (missed without valid reason) outside its
stipulated time.
They, conclude that someone who deliberately did not
perform the prayer until its time is finished can never make it up
outside its permitted period.

WHAT CAN BE LEARNT?
The majority scholars of Hanafis, Malikis and Shafi’ie madzaahib hold to the
following evidence as basis:
[a] Hadith from Abu Qatadah r.a. who reported that the
Prophet s.a.a.w. said:
“…If one of you forgets a prayer (swolah) or sleeps through its time,
then he should offer (perform) it when he remembers it…”
(Narrated by Bukhary, Muslim, Tirmidzi)

WHAT CAN BE LEARNT?
[b] Hadith in which the Prophet s.a.w. said:
“So, pay off her debt. A debt to Allah has
better right to be fulfilled.”
(Narrated by Bukhary and Muslim)
 Although this refers to the performance for Hajj (its significance is that
it is a form of worship), it is to be noted that the Prophet likened the
missed worship to a debt.
 Other act of worship which requires making-up for those who missed
it is fasting of Ramadhan regardless of reason for it being missed.

WHAT CAN BE LEARNT?
[c] When the Prophet s.a.w. was prevented from
performing the ‘Asr prayer until the sun had set because of battle
fighting the unbelievers (before “Swolah khauf” was legislated),
he said;
“May Allah fill their graves and houses with fire, as
they have occupied us from performing the
midmost prayer until the sun set.”
(Narrated by Bukhary and Muslim)

WHAT CAN BE LEARNT?
[d] The Prophet s.a.a.w. said:
“Someone fasting who unintentionally vomits is not
obliged to make up his fast, but whosoever causes
himself to vomit must make it up.”
(Narrated by Ibn Majah)
Here, the significance is that the Prophet s.a.w. declared it
obligatory for whoever breaks the fast without excuse to make it
up, proving the acts of worship missed without excuse is still
obligatory to make up afterwards even if the person who delays it
by passing its time has committed a sin by doing so.

TTOO BBEE CCOONNTTIINNUUEEDD –– IINNSSHHAA--AALLLLAAHH

63
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[Slideshare] tafaqqahu-(2014)-#6(c) -daily-application-(swolah-prerequisite-for-acceptance-(29-november-2014)

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[Slideshare] tafaqqahu-(2014)-#6(c) -daily-application-(swolah-prerequisite-for-acceptance-(29-november-2014)