TRANSLATION TECHNIQUES

1. TRANSLATION TECHNIQUES
UNIT 1: TASK 3 - COLLABORATIVE ACTIVITY 1
JEFFERSON DAVID MELO GUERRERO CODE: 1’057.892.569
MYRNA ORGANISTA RODRIGUEZ CODE: 39,752,420
YURI TATIANA HUERTAS VARGAS CODE: 1’049.649.569
ALONSO GALLO CASTRO CODE::
COURSE CODE: 551037_25
TUTOR: KELLY MARITZA FAJARDO
UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL ABIERTA Y A DISTANCIA (UNAD)
LICENCIATURA EN INGLES COMO LENGUA EXTRANJERA
CEAD – TUNJA
2018

2. JEFFERSON DAVID MELO GUERRERO
TASK 1.
PARAGRAPH # 5
Although Smart Technology is still in its infancy, pilot schemes to promote and test it are already
underway. Consumers are currently testing the new smart meters which can be used in their homes
to manage electricity use. There are also a number of demonstrations being planned to show how
the smart technology could practically work, and trials are in place to test the new electrical
infrastructure. It is likely that technology will be added in 'layers', starting with 'quick win' methods
which will provide initial carbon savings, to be followed by more advanced systems at a later date.
Cities are prime candidates for investment into smart energy, due to the high population density
and high energy use. It is here where Smart Technology is likely to be promoted first, utilizing a
range of sustainable power sources, transport solutions and an infrastructure for charging
electrically powered vehicles. The infrastructure is already changing fast. By the year 2050,
changes in the energy supply will have transformed our homes, our roads and our behavior.

3. TRANSLATION
 A pesar que la inteligente tecnología todavía está en su infancia, los planes piloto para promoverla y probarla
ya están en forma. Consumidores actualmente están probando los nuevos medidores inteligentes que se
pueden usar en sus hogares para administrar el uso de la electricidad. También se está planificando una serie
de demostraciones para mostrar cómo la tecnología inteligente podría funcionar prácticamente, y se están
realizando pruebas para probar la nueva infraestructura eléctrica. Es probable que la tecnología se agregue en
"capas", comenzando con los métodos de "beneficio rápido" que inicialmente proporcionarán ahorro de
carbono, que serán seguidos por avanzados sistemas en una fecha más tarde. Las ciudades son los principales
candidatos para la inversión en energía inteligente, debido a la alta densidad de población y al alto uso de
energía. Es aquí donde es probable que primero se promocione la tecnología inteligente, que utiliza una gama
de recursos de energía sostenibles, soluciones de transporte y una infraestructura para cargar vehículos
eléctricos. La infraestructura ya está cambiando rápidamente. Para el año 2050, los cambios en el suministro
de energía habrán transformado nuestros hogares, nuestros caminos y nuestro comportamiento.

4. TASK 2
REFLECTION
 My vocabulary is not perfect, but I think I have a good knowledge of vocabulary, and this allowed me to
understand the general idea of the text, and translate most of it, however I have difficulties with some words,
and for this reason I could not understand some sentences of the text, sometimes to translate a word
incorrectly, this can alter the meaning of the whole sentence, and the understanding of the text would be
incorrect, for this reason it's important to strengthen my knowledge with techniques, that allow me to
improve the handling of aspects like prepositions, nouns and adjectives, forming simple sentences with the
correctly structuring the order of the grammar rules helped me to make the translation easier, another
technique that helped me, it was to identify the language of the text, for example: (scientific, literary,
technical ... ), in this case it was very helpful for me to adapt the words that were strange to me, with the
development of this activity, my grammar and vocabulary are strengthened, and my difficulty to translate
decreases.

5. TASK 3
CHART
CONCEPT DIFFERENCE EXAMPLE
METHOD Method is a way something
is done. A method is a way
(procedure, planned steps)
for doing something
(concrete) in accordance
with a definite plan. A
method could be described
step by step.
When we need to translate a text,
we can use the method of: Word-
for-word translation: Keep the
order of the phrase, translate the
words one by one taking their
most common meaning although
it is out of context, the words
"cultural" are translated literally.
It is very useful to learn how to
translate a difficult text.
STRATEGY Strategy usually requires
some sort of planning. A
strategy is a plan or series of
maneuvers or stratagems for
obtaining a specific goal or
result. A strategy is a plan
of action designed to
achieve an overall aim. On
the long term, any strategy
requires some sort of
science or art to be
deployed.
To translate a text my strategy
could be: I use my previous
vocabulary, to translate most of
the text, then I must identify the
genre or theme of the text, and
unite these aspects, and in this
way, I can complement the idea
of the text, and get an effective
translation.
TECHNIQUE Technique is the manner or
procedure for completing
something. Any tactics
requires the ability to apply
methods, procedures or
techniques so as to effect a
desired result. Consider
tactics as the actions must
be done every day for
completing something in the
main strategy.
When we need to translate a text,
we can use the technique of:
Adaptation, this
Translation technique also known
as free translation where the
translator replaces a cultural or
social reality in the original text
with the corresponding reality in
the translated text.

6. TASK 4
Feedback
With respect to your translation activity, I can see that we have similarities when translating,
we first use our previous knowledge of the vocabulary, and try to give the idea of ​​the text, but
I can also see some small grammatical mistakes, some people think that correct English
grammar matters only to teachers and is of no real importance in daily life, this is certainly not
true, the grammar, regardless of the country or the language, is the foundation for
communication, when a message is relayed with the correct grammar, it is easier to
understand the purpose and meaning of that message. In order to communicate, a learner
should know the grammar of the language, it's important to be able to express yourself, but
this should be done in a way that people find easy to understand.

7. TASK 4
Feedback
 Good day Myrna, with respect to your translation activity, I can see that we have similarities when
translating, we first use our previous knowledge of the vocabulary, and try to give the idea of ​​the
text, but I can also see some small grammatical mistakes, some people think that correct English
grammar matters only to teachers and is of no real importance in daily life, this is certainly not true,
the grammar, regardless of the country or the language, is the foundation for communication, when
a message is relayed with the correct grammar, it is easier to understand the purpose and meaning
of that message. In order to communicate, a learner should know the grammar of the language, it's
important to be able to express yourself, but this should be done in a way that people find easy to
understand.
Best regards!

8. MYRNA ORGANISTA RODRIGUEZ
TASK 1
.
PARAGRAPH # 5
 With these changes comes a range of challenges. The first involves managing the supply and demand. Sources of
renewable energy, such as wind, wave and solar, are notoriously unpredictable, and nuclear power, which is also
set to increase as nations switch to alternative energy sources, is inflexible. With oil and gas, it is relatively simple
to increase the supply of energy to match the increasing demand during peak times of the day or year. With
alternative sources, this is far more difficult, and may lead to blackouts or system collapse. Potential solutions
include investigating new and efficient ways to store energy and encouraging consumers to use electricity at off-
peak times. A second problem is the fact that many renewable power generation sources are located
in remote areas, such as windy uplands and coastal regions, where there is currently a lack of electrical
infrastructure. New infrastructures therefore must be built. Thankfully, with improved smart technology, this can
be done more efficiently by reducing the reinforcement or construction costs.

9. TRANSLATION
 Con estos cambios vienen listas de desafíos, el primero trata administrar el suministro y la
demanda, Fuentes de energía renovable como el viento, ola y solar son notoriamente
impredecible, el poder nuclear, el cual también esta puesto para incrementar a que las naciones
cambien a fuentes de energía alternativas es inflexible. Es relativamente simple el incremento
de energía con petróleo y gasolina, para igualar el aumento de la demanda durante los tiempos
pico del día o de año. Con fuentes alternativas es mucho más difícil, y puede terminar con
apagones o un colapso en el sistema. Una solución potencial incluye la investigación de nuevas
y eficientes maneras para la reserva de energía e incentivar a los consumidores a utilizar
electricidad en las horas pico. El segundo problema es que la ubicación de las fuentes de
energía renovable se encuentra en áreas remotas con regiones de muchos vientos y regiones
costeras, donde en este momento no tienen infraestructura eléctrica. Nuevas infraestructuras
deben ser construidas, afortunadamente, con la innovación the la tecnología inteligente, esto
puede ser mas efectivo reduciendo los costos del refuerzo.

10. TASK 2
REFLECTION
 It was a bit complicated because sometimes I forgot to put my mind into my L2 so
this confused me to do an exact translation of the text, but I believe I have good
vocabulary to improve my techniques in translation.
 Some of the words were complex. But it was a nice activity.

11. CONCEPT DIFFERENCE EXAMPLE
METHOD Refers to the general principles, pedagogy
and management strategies used for
classroom instruction.
Word by word translation
STRATEGY Refer to the structure, system, methods,
techniques, procedures and processes that a
teacher uses during instruction.
My knowledge of the L2 vocabulary to
apply in my task
Regarding the translation of PNs,
Newmark (1988a:214) asserts that,
"normally, people's first and sure names
are transferred, thus preserving nationality
and assuming that their names have no
connotations in the text."
TECHNIQUE Comprises the principles and methods
used by teachers to enable student
learning.
These strategies are determined partly on
subject matter to be taught and partly by
the nature of the learner.
Literal translation Transposition
Borrowing
TASK 3
CHART

12. TASK 4
Feedback
Good Morning Yuri,
You did a nice job, I think we all have very rich vocabulary, it is a
cool exercise to develop, I invite you to upload your contribution into
Jefferson´s PPT, so we can conclude our final task

13.  YURI TATIANA HUERTAS VARGAS
TASK 1.
PARAGRAPH # 1
The next few decades will see great changes in the way energy is supplied and used. In some major oil
producing nations, 'peak oil' has already been reached, and there are increasing fears of global
warming. Consequently, many countries are focusing on the switch to a low carbon economy. This
transition will lead to major changes in the supply and use of electricity. Firstly, there will be an
increase in overall demand, as consumers switch from oil and gas to electricity to power their homes
and vehicles. Secondly, there will be an increase in power generation, not only in terms of how much is
generated, but also how it is generated, as there is growing electricity generation from renewable
sources. To meet these challenges, countries are investing in Smart Grid technology. This system aims
to provide the electricity industry with a better understanding of power generation and demand, and to
use this information to create a more efficient power network.

14. TRANSLATION
Las siguientes pocas décadas verán grandes oportunidades en la forma en que se suministra y se usa la
energía. En algunas de las mayores naciones productoras de petróleo, “pico del petróleo” ya ha sido
alcanzado, y hay cada vez mas temores del calentamiento global. Consecuentemente, muchos países
se están enfocando en el cambio a una economía baja en carbon. Esta transición dará lugar a
importantes cambios en el suministro y uso de la electricidad. En primer lugar, habra un aumento en la
demanda general, ya que los consumidores cambiaran de petróleo y gas a la electricidad para hacer
funcionar sus casas y vehículos. En Segundo lugar abra un aumento en la generación de energía, no
solamente en términos de cuanto se genera, sino también como es generada, a medida que crece la
generación de electricidad de Fuentes renovables. Para enfrentar estos retos, los países están
investigando en la tecnología de redes inteligentes. Este sistema apunta a proporcionar a la industria
eléctrica una major comprensión de la generación y demanda de energía, y usar esta información para
crear una red eléctrica mas eficiente.

15. TASK 2
REFLECTION
 Throughout the translation I found several words that I did not know, which prevented me from making a
translation easily and quickly, sometimes I had to find the meaning of the words and I found myself with
several meanings and different uses, for On the other hand I had several questions regarding the structure of
some sentences. Despite these difficulties I took into account the use of the dictionary to complete the
translation. The techniques I used for this translation were:

 1. I readed the paragraph first, and write down the words i did not know.
 2. I study each of the uses given to each word.
 3. Translate phrase by phrase.
 4. Take into account the meaning of the sentence.

 I think that to carry out a translation it is important to know several terms and vocabulary, since for example
the paragraph I chose had a lot of terminology that I did not know. Because spoke about oil, energy, among
others. Therefore both to speak and to translate it is necessary to know the terminology and structure of the
sentences.

16. TASK 3
CHART
DIFFERENCE EXAMPLE
METHOD The method is a tool that is used to
achieve something, it is composed
of strategies and techniques
defined to achieve the objectives.
Is to be able to decide in the
moment to teach a topic as we are
going to do it. Example: using a
didactic method
STRATEGY A strategy is a set of actions, tools,
organized activities that are
designed to achieve specific
objectives.
When teaching a topic we can use
several strategies to get students to
learn, for example, carry out group
activities, to get out of monotony,
to do debates to build knowledge.
TECHNIQUE Technique is the activity that we
are going to do to achieve
something, a strategy is composed
of techniques to achieve some
objectives.
in the teaching process, it refers to
what we want to do in order to
transmit knowledge, for example
using games to teach.

17. TASK 4
Feedback
mate jefferson, I have reviewed your individual work, I think you have
developed a good job since the translation is very good and through the
examples of activity three one can realize that the method, strategy and
technique was used correctly during the translation, the examples are clear for
each topic.

18. ALONSO GALLO CASTRO
TASK 1.
PARAGRAPH # 3
Smart Grid technology offers benefits to the consumer too. They will be able to collect
real-time information on their energy use for each appliance. Varying tariffs
throughout the day will give customers the incentive to use appliances at times when
supply greatly exceeds demand, leading to great reductions in bills. For example, they
may use their washing machines at night. Smart meters can also be connected to the
internet or telephone system, allowing customers to switch appliances on or off
remotely. Furthermore, if houses are fitted with the apparatus to generate their own
power, appliances can be set to run directly from the on-site power source, and any
excess can be sold to the grid.

19. TRANSLATION
La tecnología Smart Grid también ofrece beneficios al consumidor. Ellos serán capaces de
recolectar información en tiempo real acerca del uso de energía en cada uno de sus
electrodomésticos. La variación de las tarifas a lo largo del día dará a los clientes el
incentivo de usar electrodomésticos en momentos en que la oferta exceda en gran medida
la demanda, lo que dará lugar a grandes reducciones en las facturas. Por ejemplo, pueden
usar sus lavadoras por la noche. Los medidores inteligentes también se pueden conectar a
Internet o al sistema telefónico, lo que permite a los clientes encender o apagar aparatos de
forma remota. Además, si las casas están equipadas con el aparato para generar su propia
energía, los dispositivos se pueden configurar para que funcionen directamente desde la
fuente de energía en el sitio, y cualquier exceso puede ser vendido a la red