Question 1 · 
  To be statistically significant, Pearson's r should be greater than 0.90.


Answer True False
 Question 2 · 
  The relative frequencies in the cells of a 2 × 2 table can be evaluated with a phi coefficient.


Answer True False Question 3 · 
  The scatterplot for a positive relationship will graph from the upper left to the lower right.


Answer True False Question 4 · 
  When scores vary in the same direction on two variables, the relationship is positive.


Answer True False Question 5 · 
  For a Pearson's r, both variables must be linear.


Answer True False Question 6 · 
  To compute a Pearson r correlation coefficient, we must have


Answer a. · · A pair of scores for one individual. · b. · · A single set of scores for a single group of individuals. · c. · · Scores on two different variables for a single set of individuals. · d. · · Scores on two different variables for two different groups of individuals. Question 7 · 
  In a correlational study, there is/are _______ group(s) of subjects, and each subject is measured on _______ variable(s).


Answer · · a. · 1, 1. · · b. · 1, 2. · · c. · 2, 1. · · d. · 2, 2. · 
 10 points   Question 8 · 
  The two variables in a correlational study are called the


Answer · · a. · Predictor and predicted. · · b. · Predictor and criterion. · · c. · Independent and dependent. · · d. · Relator and relatist. Question 9 · 
  In a scatter diagram, if one of the points does not fall on the straight line of best fit to the data points, then r cannot be


Answer · a. 0. · · b. +1.00 or -1.00. · · c. Positive. · · d. Negative. Question 10 · 
  A study reports: r(95) = +0.92, p < 0.01. How confident can you be that the obtained correlation is real and not due to mere chance?



Answer · · a. · 92% confident.
 · · b. · 95% confident.
 · · c. · 99% confident.
 · · d. · There is not enough information to Question 1 · If the overall F is statistically significant, at least one pair of means must also be statistically significant.


Answer True False Question 2 · 
 F can never be negative.


Answer True False Question 3 · 
  One drawback of ANOVA is that it allows type 1 error to escalate for every additional group tested.


Answer True False
 Question 4 · 
  If a study has 3 groups of 25 subjects each, the degrees of freedom are 2 and 24.


Answer True False Question 5 · 
  All F values are positive.


Answer True False Question 6 In ANOVA, where should you look for the treatment effect?


Answer . In the within-group variance. · In the between-group variance. · In the total variance. · Within a single individual's score. Question 7 · 
  When and why would you conduct post hoc tests as a follow up to the overall F test?


Answer · a. When the overall F test is NOT significant; to determine which of the pairs of groups may be significant. · b. When the overall F test is NOT significant; to determine why the overall F test is not significant. · · c. · When the overall ...

1. Question 1
· To be statistically significant, Pearson's r should be greater
than 0.90. Answer
True
False
Question 2
· The relative frequencies in the cells of a 2 × 2 table can be
evaluated with a phi coefficient. Answer
True
False
Question 3
· The scatterplot for a positive relationship will graph from
the upper left to the lower right. Answer
True
False
Question 4
· When scores vary in the same direction on two variables,
the relationship is positive. Answer
True
False
Question 5
· For a Pearson's r, both variables must be
linear. Answer
True
False
Question 6
· To compute a Pearson r correlation coefficient, we must
have Answer
a.
·

2. · A pair of scores for one individual.
· b.
·
· A single set of scores for a single group of individuals.
· c.
·
· Scores on two different variables for a single set of
individuals.
· d.
·
· Scores on two different variables for two different groups of
individuals.
Question 7
· In a correlational study, there is/are _______ group(s) of
subjects, and each subject is measured on _______
variable(s). Answer
·
· a.
· 1, 1.
·
· b.
· 1, 2.
·
· c.
· 2, 1.
·
· d.
· 2, 2.
·
10 points
Question 8
· The two variables in a correlational study are called
the Answer

3. ·
· a.
· Predictor and predicted.
·
· b.
· Predictor and criterion.
·
· c.
· Independent and dependent.
·
· d.
· Relator and relatist.
Question 9
· In a scatter diagram, if one of the points does not fall on
the straight line of best fit to the data points, then r cannot
be Answer
· a.
0.
·
· b.
+1.00 or -1.00.
·
· c.
Positive.
·
· d.
Negative.
Question 10
· A study reports: r(95) = +0.92, p < 0.01. How confident
can you be that the obtained correlation is real and not due to
mere chance? Answer
·
· a.

4. · 92% confident.
·
· b.
· 95% confident.
·
· c.
· 99% confident.
·
· d.
· There is not enough information to
Question 1
· If the overall F is statistically significant, at least one pair of
means must also be statistically significant. Answer
True
False
Question 2
· F can never be negative. Answer
True
False
Question 3
· One drawback of ANOVA is that it allows type 1 error to
escalate for every additional group tested. Answer
True
False
Question 4
· If a study has 3 groups of 25 subjects each, the degrees of
freedom are 2 and 24. Answer
True
False
Question 5
· All F values are positive. Answer
True
False

5. Question 6
In ANOVA, where should you look for the treatment
effect? Answer
. In the within-group variance.
· In the between-group variance.
· In the total variance.
· Within a single individual's score.
Question 7
· When and why would you conduct post hoc tests as a
follow up to the overall F test? Answer
· a.
When the overall F test is NOT significant; to determine which
of the pairs of groups may be significant.
· b.
When the overall F test is NOT significant; to determine why
the overall F test is not significant.
·
· c.
· When the overall F test is significant; to determine between
which pairs of groups the significant difference lies.
·
· d.
When the overall F test IS significant; to determine if the
significance is only the result of chance.
· Question 8
· We use an F test rather than a t test for multi-group studies
primarily to Answer
·
· a.
· Avoid calculating standard deviations from the variances.
·
· b.
· Be able to use a single formula regardless of differing sample

6. sizes between groups.
·
· c.
· Reduce calculation time.
·
· d.
· Avoid escalating type 1 error rates.
Question 9
· The appropriate statistic to use when testing the hypothesis
for a study with three treatment groups is a Answer
·
· a.
· One-sample t test.
·
· b.
· Two-sample t test.
·
· c.
· ANOVA F test.
·
· d.
· Either b or c is appropriate.
Question 10
· When the null hypothesis is true, the calculated F should
be close to Answer
·
· a.
· 0.
·
· b.
· 1.
·
· c.
· Infinity.

7. ·
· d.
· There is not enough information to tell.
Question 1
· The primary contributor to the standard error of the
difference between the means is the standard error of the means
of the two populations. Answer
True
False
Question 2
· Assume a research report says t(43) = 2.37, α <0.02. For
this study, confidence is <0.02. Answer
True
False
Question 3
· If a single set of subjects serves in both treatment groups,
the study should be analyzed with an independent subjects t
test. Answer
True
False
Question 4
· The region of rejection is in the tails of the
distribution. Answer
True
False
Question 5
· If tabled t is 2.23 and calculated t is 2.24, the calculated t
can be considered statistically significant. Answer
True
False
Question 6

8. · In a two-sample t test, α =0.05 and t(74) = +2.15. How
many subjects are in this study? Answer
· 72.
· 73.
· 74.
· 76.
· There is not enough information to tell.
Question 7
· What is the purpose of a two-sample t test? Answer
· a.
To determine whether two means are more different than
expected by chance.
· b.
To compare the actual mean difference between groups with the
difference desired by the researcher.
· c.
To equate groups on one or more extraneous variables.
· d.
To be twice as confident of your results as you would be in a
one-sample t test.
Question 8
· In a two-sample t test, if the observed difference between
the sample means turns out to be one that would rarely occur
when the null hypothesis is true, what should we
do? Answer
a.
· Reject the null hypothesis.
b.
· Retain the null hypothesis.
c.
· Repeat the test until we get a more probable difference

9. between the sample means.
d.
· Change the level of significance (type 1 error).
10 points
Question 9
· Suppose that a researcher decides that he must obtain a
type 1 error level of no more than 0.01 to reject the null
hypothesis. After analyzing his data he finds that the results are
significant at p = 0.05 but not at p = 0.01. If he is not able to
change the maximum allowed type 1 error level, then the
researcher should Answer
· a.
· Retain the null hypothesis because 0.05 is greater than 0.01.
·
· b.
· Retain the null hypothesis because 0.05 is merely sampling
error.
·
· c.
· Reject the null hypothesis because 0.05 is close to 0.01.
·
· d.
· Reject the null hypothesis because 0.05 is greater than 0.01.
Question 10
· What is the purpose of the change in formula from an
independent sample t test to a related sample t
test? Answer
·
· a.
To simplify the calculation process when samples are
dependent.
·

10. · b.
· To remove the unwanted correlation introduced by the
dependence of subjects between the IV conditions.
·
· c.
· To remove the influence of unwanted or outlier cases in each
sample.
·
· d.
To weight the contribution of each sample by the number of
cases present in that sample.
Chapter 6
Question 1
· If p = 0.03, confidence also = 0.03. Answer
True
False
Question 2
· It is possible to conduct a one-sample t test even when the
population standard deviation is not known. Answer
True
False
Question 3
· A normal deviate Z test requires that we know the
population standard deviation. Answer
True
False
Question 4
· In a one-sample t test with a sample size of 30, there are
30 degrees of freedom. Answer

11. True
False
Question 5
· The mean of any sampling distribution of the mean is the
population mean. Answer
True
False
Question 6
· A z score tests the location of _________, while a Z test
tests the location of ____________. Answer
·
· a.
· An individual score, a sample mean.
·
· b.
· An individual score, a population mean.
·
· c.
· A sample mean, a population mean.
·
· d.
· A random score, a nonrandom score.
Question 7
· In a one-sample t test, α =0.05 and t (52) = +2.46. How
many degrees of freedom are in this study? Answer
· 0
· 5
· 5
· 2
·

12. Question 8
·
· The rejection region typically falls where in the sampling
distribution of the mean? Answer
·
· a.
· In the center.
·
· b.
· In the tails.
·
· c.
· Sometimes in the center and sometime in the tails.
·
· d.
· Close to the population mean.
·
Question 9
· What is the mean of any sampling distribution of the
mean? Answer
·
· a.
· 0.
·
· b.
· The sample mean.
·
· c.
· The population mean.
·
· d.
· It depends on the value of the raw scores in the distribution.
Question 10
· A research report says that t (63) = 1.99; p = 0.03. From
that information, can you reject the null hypothesis with 95%

13. confidence? Answer
·
· a.
· Yes.
·
· b.
· No.
·
· c.
· It depends on the sample size.
·
· d.
· It depends on the size of the type 1 error.