I have a discussion in class Please read and brief the following cases in one page with making sure you cover all the below points What are? 1-The fact of the cases. 2-The Issues. 3-Decisions. 4-Reasonings. 5-Conclusion. I PROVIDED YOU WITH THE LINKS New York Times v. Sullivan https://www.law.cornell.edu/supremecourt/text/376/254 
 New York Times v. US 
 https://www.law.cornell.edu/supremecourt/text/403/713 I am an international student so please easy wording is required. NO plagiarism. Thank you. SPATIAL AWARENESS HISTORY PROJECT Using the discipline, ‘Emergency Preparedness’. Explain using the guidelines below the history. 1. Clearly explain importance of the chosen discipline to self 2. Comprehensively explain how cartographic representations in the chosen discipline have changed over time and supports explanation with research 3. Accurately analyze the impact of the geospatial revolution on the chosen discipline and supports analysis with research 4. Clearly explain how the human understanding of space in the chosen discipline has changed throughout history and supports explanation with research 5. Comprehensively discuss how spatial reasoning has impacted the chosen discipline and supports discussion with research 6. Accurately identify patterns in spatial awareness or spatial reasoning in the chosen discipline and supports identification with research 7. Clearly illustrate future applications of spatial awareness for the chosen discipline and supports applications with research Running head: GEOSPATIAL SCIENCE 1 GEOSPATIAL SCIENCE 4 GIS application in the community Student’s Name Institution Affiliation A GIS is a computer-based tool that connects geographic data with graphic information for instance what things are like. In essence, the technology is used to display, capture, and study spatial data. In our communityDenver, Colorado fire hazards occur every other time, any delay of reacting to the hazard can mean the difference between the rescue of residents or grave harm or large scale demise. Therefore the crucial timespan between fire suppression and flashover can be gauged and contained in just a matter of seconds; inferring speedy access to essential information is paramount. GIS tools that aid firefighter rescue personnel pinpoint the disaster call scene, equally assist in assessing the potential magnitudes of the fire and establish the most effectual plan will abate property damage and protection of residents and fire service personnel. In the past, first fire responders mainly depend on handy gear, experience, communication, and collaboration to realize effective emergency response (Guzzetti, Marchetti & Pasquinelli, 2012). Nonetheless, with all the encounters facing emergency teams in the present day Colorado, effective response therefore necessitates prudent planning, broad training, risk management and intelligent organization by way of earl.

1. I have a discussion in class
Please read and brief the following cases in one page
with making sure you cover all the below points
What are?
1-The fact of the cases.
2-The Issues.
3-Decisions.
4-Reasonings.
5-Conclusion.
I PROVIDED YOU WITH THE LINKS
New York Times v. Sullivan
https://www.law.cornell.edu/supremecourt/text/376/254
New York Times v. US
https://www.law.cornell.edu/supremecourt/text/403/713
I am an international student so please easy wording is
required.
NO plagiarism.
Thank you.

2. SPATIAL AWARENESS HISTORY
PROJECT
Using the discipline, ‘Emergency Preparedness’. Explain using
the guidelines below the history.
1. Clearly explain importance of the chosen discipline to self
2. Comprehensively explain how cartographic representations in
the chosen discipline have changed over time and supports
explanation with research
3. Accurately analyze the impact of the geospatial revolution on
the chosen discipline and supports analysis with research
4. Clearly explain how the human understanding of space in the
chosen discipline has changed throughout history and supports
explanation with research
5. Comprehensively discuss how spatial reasoning has impacted
the chosen discipline and supports discussion with research
6. Accurately identify patterns in spatial awareness or spatial
reasoning in the chosen discipline and supports identification
with research
7. Clearly illustrate future applications of spatial awareness for
the chosen discipline and supports applications with research
Running head: GEOSPATIAL SCIENCE
1
GEOSPATIAL SCIENCE
4
GIS application in the community
Student’s Name
Institution Affiliation

3. A GIS is a computer-based tool that connects geographic data
with graphic information for instance what things are like. In
essence, the technology is used to display, capture, and study
spatial data. In our communityDenver, Colorado fire hazards
occur every other time, any delay of reacting to the hazard can
mean the difference between the rescue of residents or grave
harm or large scale demise. Therefore the crucial timespan
between fire suppression and flashover can be gauged and
contained in just a matter of seconds; inferring speedy access to
essential information is paramount. GIS tools that aid
firefighter rescue personnel pinpoint the disaster call scene,
equally assist in assessing the potential magnitudes of the fire
and establish the most effectual plan will abate property damage
and protection of residents and fire service personnel. In the
past, first fire responders mainly depend on handy gear,
experience, communication, and collaboration to realize
effective emergency response (Guzzetti, Marchetti &
Pasquinelli, 2012). Nonetheless, with all the encounters facing
emergency teams in the present day Colorado, effective
response therefore necessitates prudent planning, broad
training, risk management and intelligent organization by way
of early preparation. GIS tools have become powerful and
dynamic technologies for refining every aspect of fire service
delivery systems in our community. This so because it has the
benefit of espousing incident management, proactive planning,
mitigation initiatives, and preparedness and fast response; it
likewise extends the capability of producing interactive and
intelligent maps with access to all sort of spatial data, resource
and analysis. Once pertinent data is collected using a geospatial
tool it is then organized and displayed in ways that makes
analysis and interpretation much simpler, the display types
utilized for the firefighting project include computer-generated
maps and aerial photos which typically remotely sensed images
using an open source technology (Google Earth©). Use of
graduated hues symbology helps exhibit a quantitative
difference between the geographic features that are mapped

4. therefore operators can differentiate different land forms and
features of Colorado including water bodies, roads, hills and
ranges among other important things. Scaling can be
personalized according to requirements for geospatial
information this helps the users get specific representational
data.
Geospatial tools and technologies come in different sorts, from
analysis applications data to mapping. Utilizing technologies
has conventionally required specialists trained in geospatial
technology management. Whereas geospatial experts have been
the typical operators and creators of geospatial technologies, the
milieu has advanced histrionically over the past few decades.
The progress of open source geospatial application is an
exhilarating part of the novel geospatial niche; open source
application contributions cover the range of technologies that
includes: spatially cognizance enterprise databanks, command-
line data transformation, internet mapping technologies, desktop
GIS applications and geo-processing archives among many
others. Willing organizations, developers and companies
presently are collaborating on the contemporary era of
geospatial tools, delivering server-side and desktop
technologies, Application Program Interfaces (APIs) and
development platforms that are shifting the mode in which
communities work and perform business (Vazquez-Prokopec
et.al, 2013).
As a teacher of physical geography it’s my understanding that a
number of learners have witnessed the GIS tools and
technologies’ working, for instance, the local television
broadcast meteorological analysis with a simulation of weather
patterns on a map. They are equally aware of utility of GPS
technology due to the reputation of the technology in handheld
and other automated gadgets. Learners might not comprehend,
nonetheless, that the tools are similarly utilized to map college

5. attendance areas and their college motor vehicle routes; for
teaching there are several technologies that can be utilized for
example the Interactive Whiteboard, Online World Atlas,
Interactive Map Tool, GeoActivities, Student eEdition of the
book, Magazine Maker, and Digital Library. Along with
conveying numerous other resources of the National Geographic
Society these apparatuses allow the learners to look into the
geography information and utilize it to engender their
individual exhibitions and develop their own maps (Guzzetti,
Marchetti & Pasquinelli, 2012). The open source tool of choice
for me was Google Earth, since it contains various user-friendly
abilities that can be utilized by both novice and expert operators
to obtain spatial information freely.
Courtesy of Google Maps
References
Guzzetti, F., Marchetti, M., & Pasquinelli, A. (2012, June).
Development rights management through GIS technology: the
case study of Melzo (Milan). In Planning Support Tools: Policy
Analysis, Implementation and Evaluation. Proceedings of the
7th International Conference on Informatics and Urban and
Regional Planning INPUT 2012 (p. 262). FrancoAngeli.
Vazquez-Prokopec, G. M., Bisanzio, D., Stoddard, S. T., Paz-
Soldan, V., Morrison, A. C., Elder, J. P., ... & Kitron, U.
(2013). Using GPS technology to quantify human mobility,
dynamic contacts and infectious disease dynamics in a resource-
poor urban environment. PloS one, 8(4), e58802.