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Necropsy kit
- 1. Necropsy Kit M. Wasim Usmani Dept. of Pathology
- 2. Necropsy • Autopsy • Post-mortem examination • A surgical procedure • Thorough examination • To determine the cause and manner of death or to evaluate any disease or injury
- 3. Importance of Necropsy • Study the processes involved in disease situation • Examination of diseased organs and tissues • Uncover the cause of death • Prevent and control animal diseases in herd or flock • Treatment
- 4. Basic Necropsy Kit • Protective Clothing (PPE) • Rubber Gloves • Rubber Boots or Plastic foot Protectors • Mask • Rubber Apron • Coveralls • Eye Goggles • Necropsy Documentation • Camera • Field notebook
- 5. Basic Necropsy Kit Tools…. • Sharp knife • Scissors • Forceps • Axe or Hatchet • Surgical Bone saw • Small & Large Shears • Chisel and Mallet • Scalpels and razor blade • Alcohol lamp or Gas burner • Plastic ruler or Measuring tape
- 6. Cont.…. • Enterotome (bulb-ended blade) • Opening of intestine • Hagedorn needle • Sailmaker’s needle • Sewing up body after autopsy • Rib Cutter • Cleaver • Toothed Forceps • Teeth on pickups • Grip heavy organs
- 7. Cont.…. • Hammer with hook • Maxwell’s silver hammer • To separate the calvarium from lower skull • Breadknife • Long Knife • Solid organs into slices • Sharpening Stone
- 8. Specimen Containers and Sampling Equipments • Rigid plastic containers/bags/small vials/blood tubes • Parafilm/sealing tape • Aluminum foil • Sterile syringes • Microscope slides/Slide boxes • Transport material • Ice coolers • Leak-proof/break-proof containers • Absorptive packing materials • Sterile buffered glycerin (50%)
- 9. Cont.…. • Fixatives • 10% buffered formalin • 100% acetone • 70% ethyl alcohol • Disinfecting Materials • Pail (bucket) & brush • Disinfectant • Borax • Sodium hypoclorite (0.5%) (10% Chlorox) • Microscope • Centrifuge
- 10. Safety Precautions • Personal Safety • Necropsy of primate (monkey, apes, etc.) • Carcass Handling and Disposal • Minimize exposure of other wild & domestic animals • Infectious diseases • ANTHRAX (Bacillus anthracis) • Preparing Sample Containers • Containers/Tubes/Slides/Bags
- 11. Sample Preparation • Paper label with animal identification • Date/Geographic location • Species/Sex/Age • Tissue identification (Formalin fixed tissues) • Person taking sample • Animal ID • Shipping of Samples • Fresh and Frozen samples • No leakage
- 12. External Examination at Necropsy • Identification of Animal • Age of Animal • Body size • Dentation • Position of Animal at Postmortem • Sitting posture • Fully extended • Struggled before death • General condition of Carcass • Well nourished • Emaciated • Stiffening (rigor mortis)
- 13. Cont.…. • Evidence of Postmortem(PM) changes • Time of death • PM changes • Examination of Natural Orifices • Nose/Mouth/Ears/Urethra/Vagina/Pre puce/Anus • Color of Mucus Membrane • Discharge from Orifices • Watery/thick/frothy/blood mixed • Smell of insecticides/chemicals • Examine the visible Mucus Membrane • Anaemic (pale) • Jaundice (yellow) • Eyes/Limbs/Bones Feet/Hoofs/Joints • Fractures/Inflammatory lesions/Dislocation
- 14. Examination of Body Surface • Skin/Hair coat/Hair loss • Abscesses • Wounds • Parasites/Mycotic infections • Diarrhea (hind quarters) • Local Lymph nodes • Throat oedema • External Genitalia
- 15. Postmortem Certificate Writing • Purpose • Insurance claim • Write off animal • Veterolegal cases • Record keeping • For treatment of healthy animals
Editor's Notes
- Examination of dead or terminally ill animals offers opportunities