This document discusses composite materials, including their history, components, types, applications, advantages, and disadvantages. Composite materials are composed of two or more constituent materials that differ in composition and remain separate when combined. Historically, Egyptians used mud and straw composites in 1500 BC, while Mongols invented composite bows in the 1200s using wood, bone, and glue. Modern composites use plastics and fibers and have stronger, stiffer, and lighter properties than metals. They contain a matrix, such as polymer, metal, or ceramic, that is reinforced with fibers or particles. Common composites include fiberglass, carbon fiber, and Kevlar in various matrices. Their advantages include tailorable properties while disadvantages include cost

1. Composite Materials
By-vivek chandravanshi
4th sem,mechanical

2. Contents:
 Introduction of composite material.
 History
 Comparison of Composite material
 Components in Composite material
 Types of composite material
 Applications.
 Advantage and Disadvantage.
 References.

3. DEFINATIONS:
A materials system composed of a mixture or combination
of two or more constituents that differ in form of chemical
composition and are insoluble in each other.

4. History of composite material:
1-The first uses of composites in 1500s B.C. when Egyptians used a
mixture of mud and straw to create strong buildings.
2. After 1200 decade , the Mongols invented the first composite bow.
Using a combination of wood, bone, and “animal glue.
3. Then, In the 1900 century, plastics such as polystyrene,
phenolic and polyester were developed.

5. Comparison of composite material
• Composite can very strong and stiff yet very light in
weight so ratio of strength to weight and stiffness to
weight are several time greater than aluminium or
steel.
• Fatigue properties are better than for common
engineering material.
• Components can designed that do not corode like
steel.

6. ● Matrix
• provides bulk form of the part .
• when a load is applied ,the matrix shares the load with the
reinforcing element.
• Reinforcing element
• Reinforce the matrix.
Ex - roof

7. Examples for composite:

8. ● Natural composites( existing in nature)
wood: Matrix-lignin &
Fiber –hemi cellulose
● Synthetic composites (man-made ) :
There are two major component:
• Reinforcement
• Matrix

9. 1. On the basis of Reinforcement
1.PARTICULATE
2.FIBER
3. layer
2. On the basis of matrix
–PMC
–MMC
–CMC

10. Material having Polymer as a matrix material in
composites is called a Polymer matrix composite.
Properties
• Ease of Fabrication
• Lower cost
• Polymer phase increases:
Tensile Strength
Creep Resistance
Ex. glass & carbon fiber in organic matrix.

11. Material having Metal as a matrix material in composites is
called a Metal matrix composite.
PROPERTIES
•High Tensile Strength
•High Toughness
Examples:
Boron/Aluminum Composite
SiC/Aluminum Composite

12. Material having Ceramic as a matrix material in
composites is called a ceramic matrix composite.
Properties:
• Hardness
• Chemical inertness
• Low density
• Ex. as carbon and carbon fibres.

13. Particulates:
• irregular, spherical,faceted reinforcement material.

14. • Continuous and Aligned
•Discontinuous

15. Layers Composites

16. • In automobile industries
• Marine applications
• Aeronautical application.
• Communication antenna,
electronic circuit boards (e.g.
PCB, breadboard)
• Safety equipment like ballistic
protection and Air bags of
cars.

17. Advantage and Disadvanage
Advantage
 Tailor made property
 Intergal design &parts integration
 Inherent surface finish
Disadvantages
 Not often
environmentally friendly
 Low recyclability
 Cost fluctuate

18. -http://www.slideshare.net/JokiYagit/composite-materials-11728091.
http://composite.about.com/od/aboutcompositesplastics/a/HistoryofCompo
sites.htm.
https://compositesuk.co.uk/composite-materials.
RSC advancing the chemical sciences.