This document discusses farming in Palampur village. It notes that 75% of villagers depend on farming but the land area is fixed, with no expansion since 1960. It describes different types of farmers based on land size. It then discusses how the Green Revolution in the late 1960s introduced high-yielding variety seeds that increased production through greater use of irrigation, fertilizers, and pesticides. However, this led to issues like loss of soil fertility and pollution of water supplies. The document also compares multiple cropping to modern farming methods and notes that small farmers provide their own labor while medium and large farmers hire labor and obtain capital through savings, loans, or traders supplying farming inputs.

1. PRESENTED BY:-
VIKAS RANJAN
SS DAV PUBLIC SCHOOL,KHUNTI

6. Organization of production and production fundamentals
,Human
capital

7. Farminginpalampur
Land is fixed:
75 % of people depend on farming.
Land area in the village under cultivation is
fixed.
Since 1960 there has been no expansion in
land area under cultivation.
No further scope to increase farm production.
Land is fixed for agriculture in the
village.
Types of land measurements:
hectors,bigha, kattha,decimil etc.

9. Typesof farmers
Marginal Farmer’: agricultural land up to 1 hectare (2.5 acres). ‘Small
Farmer’: agricultural land of more than 1 hectare and up to 2 hectares (5
acres).
Middle farmer: agricultural land of more than 2 hectares (more than
5 acres).
Big farmer: more than 10 hectors of agricultural land.

12. Green revolution
 Excessive production in agriculture due to
modern scientific methods are called green
revolution.
 HYV ?
 In late 1960s HYVs are introduced, which were a
great boon to agriculture.
 These are High Yielding Varieties of seeds which
guarantees greater qualitative and
quantitative production.
 HYV seeds need plenty of water and also
chemical fertilizers and pesticides to produce
best results.

14. Norman Ernest Borlaug :-

21. Demeritsof greenrevolution
Loss of fertility with use of chemical
fertilizers.
Use of tube wells reduced the water
table
Chemical fertilizers polluted ground
water.
Kills bacteria and micro organism helpful
fossil Excessive use of fertilizers makes

24. What is the difference between
multiple cropping and modern farming
method?
Multiple cropping
To grow more than one crop
on a piece of land during the
year is known as multiple
cropping.
Modern farming methods:
Modern machineries, High
Yielding Variety seeds, better
irrigation, fertilizers and

28. After land, labour is the next necessary factor for production.
Farming requires a great deal of hard work. Small farmers along
with their families cultivate their own fields. Thus, they provide the
labour required for farming themselves. Medium and large farmers
hire farm labourers to work on their fields.

30. How do the medium and large farmers obtain capital
for farming?
i. Most small farmers have to borrow money
from moneylender, large
farmers and
ii. or the traders who supply various inputs for
cultivation.
iii. The rate of interest on such loans is very high.
iv. small farmers, the medium and large farmers
have their own savings from farming.
v. They save money by the sale of surplus farm
products.
vi. They are thus able to arrange for the capital
needed. vii.