it improved ductility resistant in RC building

1. Seismic resistant of RC
building.
Presented by
Vijayvenkatesh.C
Department of civil engineering
Final year
ST. JOSEPH’S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
THANJAVUR

2. ABSTRACT
Earthquakes constitute one of the greatest
hazards of life property on the earth .
Due to suddenness of there occurrence
they are least understood and most
dreaded .the earthquake resistant
construction is consider to be very
important to mitigate their effects.

3. Source of earthquake:
 Tectonic plate
 Volcanic eruptions
 Nuclear explosive
 Tectonic earthquakes:
 Almost all the major earthquakes are
caused by plate tectonics . In india , assam
earthquakes of 1897 and 1950 and the bihar
earthquake of 1934 are example of tectonic
earthquakes.

4. Plate tectonic theory
 Plate tectonics refers to deformations of
earth materials and structures that result of
deformation.
 Plate tectonics refers to deformation on a
global scale.
 Plate are consider the thick slab of rock that
made up of rock outermost 100km of the
earth.
 The plates are more than 120km thick in
continental regions but only about 80km
thick in ocean region.

5. The plate consist of an outer layer of
the earth , the lithosphere
 The surface of the earth consist of six major
plates and many smaller plates.
 Following major plates:
 African plates
 American plates
 Antarctic plate
 Australian- indian plate
 Eurasian plate
 Pacific plate

6. Seismic waves and earthquake waves
and elastic waves:
 Seismic waves are 2-types:
 Body waves
 Surface waves

7. Body waves
 Primary waves: p-waves these are
longitudinal waves similar to sound waves.
These are the fastest of the seismic
waves and consequently , the first arrive
the seismic station .
 P-waves are also known as compressional
waves.
 Velocity of waves is 4.8 km/s.
 The shortest wavelengths and high
frequences.

9. Secondary waves
 These waves commonly called shear waves
also know as transverse waves.
 S-waves can travel only through solid rock
 These also have short wavelength and high
frequency.
 S-waves are the most dangerous types of
waves because they are larger than p-waves
and produce vertical and horizontal motion in
the ground surface.
 The s-waves travel with a velocity of 3km/s.

11. Surface waves
 They are 2-types :
 Love waves
 Rayleigh waves

12. Love waves
 The first kind of surface waves are called
love waves the explained the mechanism of
A.E.H. Love is generation of love waves in
1911.
 These are transverse vibration and are
confined to the outer skin of the crust.
They are fastest surfaces waves and move
the ground from side-to-side . Love waves
produce entirely horizontal motion.

14. Rayleigh waves
 The other kind of surface waves are the
rayleigh waves , named for john william
strutt , lord rayleigh waves in 1885 .
 A rayleigh waves rolls along the ground ,
hence it moves the ground , hence it
moves the ground up and down , and
side-to-side in the same direction that the
waves is moving . Most of the shaking
felt from an earthquake is due to the
rayleigh waves . Which can be much
larger than the other waves.

16. Technique to resistant earthquake
 Active and passive systems
 Shear walls
 Bracings
 Dampers
 Rollers
 Isolations
 Light weight materials
 Bands
 others

17. Active system
 Active control systems are devices
integrated with real – time processing
evalutions for improved service and safety
 Example : base isolation system

22. Passive systems
 Passive control systems are conventional
devices to resists or absorb the energy
produced during earthquakes.
 Example: dampers
 3-types of dampers :
 Metallic dampers or yielding dampers.
 Friction dampers
 Viscous dampers

23. Metallic dampers
 Metallic dampers are made up of steel .
The energy is absorbed by metallic
components that yield . They are designed
to deform so much when the building
vibrates during an earthquake.
 They are different types of metallic
dampers .

26. Friction dampers
 Friction dampers are designed to have
moving parts that will slide over each
other during a strong earthquake . When
the part slide over each other , they
create friction , which uses some of the
energy from the earthquake that goes into
the building.
 The dampers is made up from a set of
steel plates , which have slotted hole in
them , and they are bolted togeather . at
high enough forces , the plates can slide
over each other creating friction.

29. Viscous fluid dampers
 Viscous fluid dampers are similar to shock
absorber in a car . They consist of a
closed cylinder containing a viscous fluid
like oil .
 A piston rod is connected to a piston head
with small holes in the piston head
causing friction . When the damper is
installed in a building , the friction convert
some of the earthquake energy going into
the moving building into heat energy .
 These dampers are usally installed as part
of buildings bracing system using single

32. Now using method of
project is :
Shear wall & friction
dampers.

33. Shear walls
shear walls is a structural system composed
of braced panels (also known as shear
panels) to contour the effect of lateral
loading acting on a structure the seismic
load are most common loads that shear
walls are designed to carry.
It improvements the strength of
reinforcement concrete wall in structural
members.

35. seismic zone in india

37.  Thank you