Demonstration of equipment's used at poultry farm

1. S U B M I T T E D B Y :
M U H A M M A D A D E E L A R S H A D
2 0 1 1 - A G - 2 2 0 3
R O L L # 6
A n i m a l S c i e n c e s ( 6 T H ) s e m e s t e r
P S - 3 0 4 ( P r a c t i c a l )
Demonstration of Equipments
Used at a Poultry Farm

2.  There are many types of poultry equipment available
which are necessary for successful poultry farming.
Such as;
• Brooding Equipment
• Lighting Equipment
• Watering Equipment
• Feeding Equipment
• Ventilation Equipment

3. Brooder Equipments
1.Charcoal stove
 Where electricity is not
available
 These stoves are covered
with plate / pans to
dissipate the heat
2.Gas brooder
 Natural gas, LPG or
methane is connected to
heating element which is
hanged 3 to 5 feet above
chicks to provide heat.

4. 3.Electrical brooder
 This type of brooder is provided with heating
elements and in some cases thermometer is provided
to record the temperature.
 They used to have a reflecting device over the heating
rods or coils.
 The temperature can be adjusted depending on the
requirement.

5. 4. Infra-Red bulb
 It is a self reflecting bulb.
One 250 watts IR bulb
can provide brooding for
about 150 to 250 chicks

6. 4.Deisel Brooder
 Maximum heat from other
 More efficient
 6-8 liter /hr
 burner

7. Brooder guard /chick guard
 These are thin sheets of metal, hard board, of
bamboo mat of 1 to 1.5 feet height and varying in
lengths.
 Used to restrict movements of chicks so that chicks
will be kept closer to the brooder

8. i. Incandescent Bulbs
• Traditional bulb choice in poultry farms.
• Inefficient because power is released as heat.
• Lifespan=> 1,000 hours or approximately two
months if lit 16 hours/day.
Lighting type

9. ii. Compact Fluorescent Bulbs (CFLs)
Most common household and commercial
replacement for the incandescent bulb
lifespan =>10,000 hour or almost two years if lit 16
hours/day.
 Use 75% less energy than incandescent bulb.
A 23-Watt CFL =100-Watt incandescent bulb.
standard CFL does not have dimming capabilities.
prevents birds from clustering in one area.
Continue…

10. iii. Cold-Cathode Bulbs:
Cold-cathodes are a newer technology,
high efficiency fluorescent bulb.
Lifespan=>approximately 25,000 hours.
An 8-Watt cold-cathode = 40-Watt I.B
For more lumens than an 8-Watt cold
cathode they should combine cold-
cathodes with another lighting option, generally a
CFL.
Continue…

11. iv. Light Emitting Diode (LED)
LED lights are exceptionally long-lasting
(approximately 50,000 hours) and now come in a
variety of colors and options.
LEDs come in various forms - spot, linear or strip
and monochromatic colors. They can be dimmed.
Continue…

12. Continue…
v. Tube Fluorescents:
Tube Fluorescents are similar in their output to CFLs but achieve
even higher energy efficiency.
Failed to achieve a significant market share because of high
installation and maintenance costs.
Because they are installed inside large fixtures, the cleaning of these
bulbs is also an extremely tenuous process.

13. Feeding Equipments
 Feeders are equipment used to feed the birds, by
placing feed in them.
 They may be conventional, semi-automatic of
various designs and shapes and made up of either
metal or plastic.

14. Feeding Equipments
1.Automatic feeder
 In case of automatic feeder the feed is supplied to the
entire length of the poultry house by specially
designed feed troughs with auger type or chain type
devices to move the feed from the feed bins to the
other end.
 These are operated with electricity and the height of
the feeder can be adjusted depending upon the age of
the birds.

15. 2.Linear feeder
 Different sizes of linear
feeder with guards are
available.
 Linear feeders are usually
made of Galvanized Iron.
However it can as well be
made out of any locally
available material like
wood, bamboo, etc.

16. 3.Circular feeder
 Semi automatic feeder
 Hold 5 to 7 kg feed
 Feed slowly delivered down
by gravity
 These are also called as
‘hanging feeders’.
4. Shell grit box
 It is used to provide shell
grit(broken seashell) to the
layer birds as a
supplemental source of
calcium

17. Water Equipments
1. Water softeners and filters
 Water with high total dissolved solids will cause deposits
on the humidity controls, spray nozzles, jets and valve
seats.
 Therefore filter systems and water softeners are
necessary to reduce the TDS content of the water.
2. Water heaters
 A large capacity boiler is generally used to provide hot
water.

18. Watering Equipment
1.Pan and jar type drinker
 Circular in nature.
 Have two compartments i)jar for
filling water ii)pan for delivering
water
2. Water basin made of plastic
/ wood with grill
 Water basin made of plastic
 Basins of different diameters are
available (10”, 12”, 14” and 16”
diameter).
 A separate grill is available to
prevent the entry of birds inside
the water.

19. 3.Nipple drinker
 Can be used in deep litter an in cage system
 These drinkers look like a nipple and water drops
comes out when they are pressed
 One nipple drinkers in each cage housing 3 layers is
sufficient

20. 4. Bell type automatic waterer
These are made of high-impact
plastic in a bell shape usually
suspended from separate
pipeline for the purpose.
This type of waterers has
control over the water flow and
maintains the required water
level always.

21. 6. Manual drinker
 In case of chicks during first week of brooding,
manual drinkers are popularly used.
 They also referred as “fountain drinkers” because
water comes out of the holes like that in case of a
fountain.
 The main advantage of manual drinkers is the ease
of giving vitamins and other pro- biotics
/medicines/vaccines through water.
 Manual drinkers with stand made of high-impact
plastic in bright colors (red or blue) are available.
 Arrangement of drinkers at an equal distance of
0.6m between any two feeders and feeder and a
drinker.

22. Ventilation equipment
 Different types of fans are used for ventilation in
poultry farms such as:
1. Axial flow fans
2. Centrifugal fans
3. Panel fan
4. Box fans
5. Cone fan
6. Basket fan

23. Axial Flow Fan
Specifications
 In axial flow, air enters and leaves the fan with no
change in direction
 Axial Fans used in higher flow lower pressure
systems.
 Generally outlet velocity Range of 1000 to 4000
FPM Outlet Velocity

24. CENTRIFUGAL FANS
 In centrifugal flow, airflow changes direction twice -
once when entering and second when leaving
 Centrifugal Fans used in higher pressure lower flow,
corrosive, or material handling systems.
 Generally outlet velocity Range of 1250 to 6000 FPM
Outlet Velocity

25. Panel fan
Specifications:
 Available diameters range from 30 cm to 92 cm
 Various voltages (120V, 230V, 230/400V)
 Various frequencies (50 Hz, 60 Hz)
 Air volumes at 0 Pa for 50 Hz panel fans range from
6.50 m³/h to 24.700 m³/h
 Air volumes at 0 Pa for 60 Hz panel fans range from
2.390 m³/h en 23.100 m³/h

26. box fans
Specifications:
 Available with a diameter of 92 cm
 Air volumes at 0 Pa range from 17.500
m³/h to 20.300 m³/h (50 Hz fans)
 Includes CE-approved grill at the motor side
 3 year warranty for the fan (shutter and wireguard
are not included)

27. Cone fans
Specifications:
 Multi fan Galvanized Cone Fan 130
 Available in a diameter of 130 cm
 Air volumes at 0 Pa 47.470 m³/h (3-blades)
and 42.570 m³/h (5 blades)
 Controllable with frequency controller

28. Basket fan
Specifications:
 Available diameters range from 50 cm to 130 cm
 Various frequencies (50 Hz, 60 Hz)
 Air volumes at 0 Pa range from 7.050
m³/h to 48.000 m³/h (50 Hz fans)
 Air volumes at 0 Pa range from 7.850
m³/h to 48.000 m³/h 60 Hz fans)

29. Vaccination equipment
1.Syringes with needles/vaccine
dropper
It is used to give vaccine drops
through intra-nasal or intra-ocular
2.Automatic vaccinator
It is used to inject different doses of
vaccine to large number of birds in
shorter period either through intra-
muscular or subcutaneous route
3. Fowl pox vaccinator/lancet
 These are used to give fowl pox
vaccine at intra-dermal route in the
wing web region

30. Miscellaneous equipment
1.Beak trimmer
 It is an electrical device used to cut a
portion of beak in order to prevent
cannibalism among birds.
 The equipment will be mounted on to
a stand of convenient height (0.60 to
0.75) with a peddle connected to the
top of the unit with a chain/ strong
thread so that upon pressing the
peddle with the foot of the operator,
the hot blade slides down cutting the
beak placed over a small platform in
the equipment.
 The equipment is also provided with a
thermostat to regulate temperature.

31. 2. Nest boxes
 These are used to get clean
eggs and to avoid floor eggs in
layer or breeder houses.
 These may be individual,
communal or trap nest.
3. Weighing balances
 Different types of weighing
balances are available to weigh
birds or feed for record and
marketing purposes.

32. 4. Perches / Roost
This is a wooden device usually kept at a
height of about 3-5’ from the floor in order
to help the bird to stand over it.
5. Rake
It is made up of iron rods and fitted with
wooden handle.
This is used to rake the litter material in
case of deep-litter system of rearing.

33. 6. Sprinkler
 This is particularly important in hot weather areas.
 Commercial irrigation sprinklers can be used to cool
not only the surroundings of the farm buildings but
also the roof of the farm.
 But under hot-humid conditions, sprinklers are used
only to cool the roof during afternoon hours only

34. 7. Sprayer
 Several types of sprayers are available in the
market.
 But, that which is hand-operated and can be
carried on the back while in use is most ideal
for a poultry farm.
 The desired disinfectant or sanitizer can be
mixed and loaded on to the tank and
sprayed.
8. Flame-gun (Blow-lamp)
 It is very useful equipment and it generally
works on kerosene (or gas).
 It is used to flame metal frames to rid the
building from external parasites and/ or
their eggs/ larva etc.