CDM model
What after purchase
Consumer dissonance factors
Parameters of satisfaction of a customer
Post Purchase Dissonance
Dissonance consequences
KFC
Zomato
Volkswagen
Covid Warriors and Vaccination
Pepsodent toothpaste
Ana Ivanovic
Rolex
Churn
25. Conditions Leading to
Dissonance
Dissonance is likely to occur under following conditions:
Minimum threshold of dissonance is passed. Consumers may tolerate
a certain level of inconsistency in their lives until the point is reached
The action is irrevocable. Consumers may not reverse a decision
when they have purchased a car
Unselected alternatives have desirable features
There are several desirable alternatives
Available alternatives are quite dissimilar in their qualities
There is no pressure applied to the
consumer to make the decision
26. Postpurchase Dissonance
• The degree of commitment or irrevocability of the
decision
• The importance of the decision to the consumer
• The difficulty of choosing among the alternatives
• The individual’s tendency to experience anxiety
27. Reduce Dissonance
After the purchase is made, the consumer may
utilize one or more of the following to reduce
dissonance:
Increase the desirability of the brand purchased
Decrease the desirability of rejected alternatives
Decrease the importance of the purchase decision
Reverse the purchase decision
29. Dissonance Reduction
There several ways in which consumer strives
to reduce dissonance.
These include:
Change the evaluation of alternatives
Seek new information to support his choice
Change his attitudes
38. Negative Advertising
A seminal example of negative political advertising attempting to raise
dissonance over the competing political party. Perhaps unfortunately
modern political campaigning seems to mostly ’knock’ the opposition
parties.
39. Consumption guilt
Consumption guilt - when guilt feelings are
aroused by the product/service use.
Marketers needtofocus on validating
the consumption for “high
guilt” products.
45. Determinants of Satisfaction
and Dissatisfaction
Instrumental performance relates
physical functioning of the product.
to the
Symbolic performance relates to aesthetic or
image-enhancement performance.
Affective performance is the emotional
response that owning or using the product or
outlet provides
47. Marketing Strategy and
Dissatisfied Consumers
Firms need to satisfy consumer expectations
by:
1. Creating reasonable expectationsthrough
promotional efforts, and
2. Maintaining consistent quality so the
reasonable expectations are fulfilled.
49. Target
Repeat purchasers continue to buy the same
brand though they do not have an emotional
attachment to it.
Switching costs are the costs of finding,
evaluating, and adopting another solution.
Brand loyalty involves commitment to the brand
– it is a biased behavioral response
expressed over time.
50. Churn
A churn is a turnover in a firm’s customer base.
Reducing churn is a major objective of many firms
today.
It typically costs more to obtain a new customer than to
retain an existing one, and new customers generally
are not as profitable as longer-term customers!