persimmon, jamun ,jackfruit etc..

1. Submitted to :
Dr. B. M. TANDEL
Assiociate Professor
Department of Fruit Science
A.C.H.F, NAU,Navsari
Submitted by :
URVASHI BORICHA
DIPTI PRAJAPATI
M.Sc. ( Horti) Fruit Science
A.C.H.F, NAU,Navsari
Course title : PROPAGATION AND NURSERY MANAGEMENT IN
FRUIT CROPS.
Course number : FSC- 505

2. (1)THE EFFECTS OF GRAFTING METHODS (BY HAND
AND WITH MANUAL GRAFTING UNIT) AND
GRAFTING TIMES ON PERSIMMON (Diospyros kaki L.)
PROPAGATION

3. • This research was conducted to determine the effects of
• Three different grafting periods (March 1, April 1 and
May 1) .
• Six grafting methods
1. Tongue,
2. Splice,
3. Cleft grafting
4. By hand and cleft,
5. Wedge,
6. Omega grafting by three different manual grafting tools) on
graft success and plant growth in persimmon sapling
production.
• Scion - ‘Hachiya’ persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.)
• Rootstock - Two-year old Diospyros lotus L. seedling .

4. Hachiya persimmons

5. 1. Whip or Tongue Grafting

6. 2 . Splice Graft

8. 3. Cleft graft

9. Omega Grafting

10. CONCLUSION
•In generally some all other parameters the best type
of grafting is Tongue and wedge grafting (with tool)
performed on April 1 gave the highest results in both
years.

11. Different Grafting methods in Aonla
propagation

12. Different Grafting methods in Aonla
propagation
• Aonla commonly propagated by seeds which highly results
in variabilities .
• In the present soft wood grafting and patch budding were
carried out.
• Rootstock age – 5 to 12 months (local rootstock)
• Scion -8 to 10 cm length , 2 to 2.5 cm girth at collar region
• Maximum percentage of success in softwood grafting than
patch budding . High percentage of success in soft wood
grafting found .
• In January – 86 % ( softwood grafting maximum )
• In august - 40% ( Patch budding )

13. Drawback of propagation by seed in
Aonla
1. Very poor germination.
2. Poor fruit set (12-18%) – due to high sex ratio
197 to 307 of male and 1.7 to 8 female
flower per bunchlet.
3. Heterozygosity.

14. Traditionally propagated by following
methods
• Patch budding ( highest results ).
• Modified ring budding .
• Forket budding .
• T- budding .

15. Bench grafting in aonla(Emlica
officinalis) for
easy transport and establishment.
• The present study was conducted nursery at National
Research Center for Agroforestry ,Jhansi, UP ,India during
2004.
• Age of rootstock – one year old
• Method of Grafting – Bench grafting
• Time of grafting – February
• Grafting took maximum 33 days and minimum 19 days.
• Temperature -27˚ C
• The results show that over all success of bench grafting
around 90% when performed at collar or 3 cm above collar.

16. Soft Wood grafting Aonla propagation
• Though shield/patch budding in aonla gives
fairly higher percentage of success.
• It is cumbersome,
1. Time and labour consuming process .
2. Can only be done on seedling rootstocks of age,
more than one year.

17. Why softwood grafting ?
Easy
Convenient to practice
Involve simple skill
Quick method of grafting
In grafted plants require smaller area so it can
accommodate more plant per hector
Bearing earlier than plant raised from seeds

18. Method
• Stock – Seedlings from 8 month old from local variety.
• Scion
– Length – 15 cm long
– Strait ,smooth , Healthy
– Different Varieties
1. Banarasi
2. Chakaiya
3. NA-4 (Kanchan)
4. NA-5 (Krishna)
5. NA-6
6. NA-7
7. NA-10
8. Anand-1
9. Anand-2
Result
The overall performance of grafts of different aonla varieties studied, the grafts of
varieties NA-7 and Banarasi have performed better for most of the traits under this
study.

19. Standards of soft wood/wedge grafting in aonla

20. Different propagation of grafting
methods in Annona
* Vegetative propagation has become popular because seedling trees
show variation in
production & quality.
• Grafting on seedling root stock by following method of grafting
• * Inarching
• * Splice & whip grafting
• * Shield budding 70-80% success
• * Veneer grafting 80% success
*Soft wood grafting on new growth, one year after planting of
seeds in situ.
• * Root stock in graftage gives varying degrees of success.
• *Grafting is done in July- August.

21. Propagation by grafting in Avocado

22. Methods practiced
• Side, Veneer, Cleft grafting.
Conclusion
• Trees on rootstocks produced by clonal
propagation usually bear fruits early and
more uniform than trees grafted on
seedling rootstocks.

23. • Budding and grafting most popular for Avocado
propagation .
• Why we need vegetative propagation in avocado ?
– Seeds quickly loose their viability and hence should be
sown soon after extraction from the fruit
Rootstock - Duke seedlings (resistant to root rot and
cold hardiness)
- Pollock stock can overcome salinity problem.
Scion - 30–40 cm tall, robust, succulent

24. Grafted Rambutan VS Seedling

26. Reference
• THE EFFECTS OF GRAFTING METHODS (BY HAND AND
WITH MANUAL GRAFTING UNIT) AND GRAFTING TIMES
ON PERSIMMON (Diospyros kaki L.) PROPAGATION Hamdi
Zenginbal Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
• Bench grafting in Aonla(Emlica officinalis) for easy transport
and establishment.
• Success and growth of soft wood graft of different aonla
varieties .

28.  Kishore et. Al. (2009) .Softwood grafting in
Purple passionfruit ( Passiflora edulis L.).
Indian journal of Agri.Sci 79 (6): 473.
• Age of Rootstock :- 6 months old seedlings of
Yellow type Passionfruit with stem girth of 3
mm, and grafting was done at three different
heights 10cm(H1),15cm(H2),20cm(H3).
• Age of scion :- 50-60 days old branches, 2
scion lengths; 15 cm (L1) and 25 cm (L2).

29. Passionfruit graftings

30. Conti…
• Method of grafting :- Softwood grafting.
• Time of grafting :- The grafting was done in 4
different months , March (T1), June (T2),
September(T3) and December (T4).
• Result :- The maximum graft success, survival
was recorded in june grafting with 25 cm scion
length and 10 cm grafting height. Minimum
graft success was found in dec grafting with
scion length 15cm and grafting height 20cm.

31. Conti..
 Natasha gurung.2011.Studies on propagation
of passion fruit. University of horti. Sci.
Bagalkot.
1.Experiment :- Response of softwood grafts
with different pre-germination treatments.
• Method of grafting:- Softwood grafting.
• Age of rootstock :- 90 days of rootstock with
different treatments like :-

32. Conti..
Treatment details
1. T1 Control
2. T2 Water soaking for 24 hrs.
3. T3 GA3 250 ppm for 10 min.
4. T4 GA3 500 ppm for 10 min.
5. T5 Vermiwash (1:5) for 24 hrs.
6. T6 Thiourea 1% for 10 min.
7. T7 Cowurine (1:1 water) for 24
hrs.
8. T8 Cow dung slurry for 24 hrs.

33. Conti…
• Time of grafting :- March.
• Age of scion :- Scion shoots were collected
from mother vines in early morning (7-8) on
the day of grafting.
• Result :- Grafting success highest in cow
urine (T7) followed by GA3 500 ppm.

35.  S.Bharada and V. Mahorkar.2007.Softwood grafting
as useful method of propagation for commercial
multiplication of jamun under semi arid conditions of
India.College of Horti, Akola.Acta horti.890,ISHS
2011.
• Method of grafting :- Softwood grafting.
• Time of grafting :- 2nd week of jan to 2nd week
of dec for three yrs.(2005-2007).
• Age of rootstock :- 8-9 months old ,stem
diameter 0.55-0.60 cm rootstocks were used.

36. Conti…
• Age of scion :- Budsticks 20 cm in length with
4-5 activated with unsprouted buds.
• Result :- From three yrs of experimentation it
was concluded that for commercial
propagation of jamun softwood grafting in
month of March gave the maximum success
followed by September.

38. Conti..
Bandenawaj.R.Mulla.2007.Studies on
softwood grafting in Jamun. University of
Agri.sci.Dharwad.
1. Experiment no.1 :- To study the effect of
season on success of softwood grafting in
jamun under open condition.
2. Experiment no.2 :- To study the effect of
season on success of softwood grafting in
jamun under controlled condition.

39. Conti..
• Treatments :- 11 treatments from Aug till June.
3. Experiment no.3 :- To study the effect of age of
rootstock on success of softwood grafting in
Jamun under open and controlled condition.
• Treatments :- 11 treatments from 4,5,6……14
month old rootstocks.
Age of scion :- One season old shoots of pencil
thickness were selected.In order to remove latex
which interferes the graft union,the scion was
immersed in water for about 30 min. as
suggested by Swami (1993).

40. Conti..
Result :- From the study it is evident that in
open condition May and Nov months
recorded highest graft success, whereas in
case of controlled condition Oct, Nov and Dec
months showed maximum graft success. The
best age of rootstock for grafting under open
condition was 7 and 13 old month rootstock,
whereas under controlled condition highest
graft success obtained in 6,7 and 8 months old
rootstock.

42. Naik .(2008). Vegetative propagation studies in
woodapple(Feronia limonia L.).University of
Agri. Sci, Dharwad.
• Experiment :- To study the effect of age of
rootstocks on softwood grafting in Woodapple
under different growing conditions(Open and
poly misthouse condition).

43. Conti..
• Age of rootstocks :-
• Age of scion :- One season old shoots of pencil
thickness from healthy mother plant .Scion
sticks were dipped in Bavistin 0.1 % to prevent
from fungal infection.
Treatment Age of rootstock
A1 5 months old
A2 6 months old
A3 7 months old
A4 8 months old
A5 9 months old
A6 10 months old

44. Woodapple grafting

45. Conti…
• Time of grafting :- Feb- Mar.
• Method of grafting :- Softwood grafting.
• Result :- The result was found better in poly
mist house condition than in open condition.
Maximum graft success was seen in 8 months
old rootstock(A4) with all parameters like no.
of leaves, graft height etc.

46. Conti…
Kadam et.Al.2005.Effect of age of rootstock on
success of bud grafting in woodapple.MPKV,
Rahuri,India. Annals of Arid Zone 44(1):91-92.
• Method of Grafting :- Bud grafting.
• Time of Grafting :- May- june.
• Age of rootstock:- 45,60,75 and 90 day old
seedling rootstock.
• Age of scion :- A bud (1-2 cm length and 1-2
mm width) of Previous season growth was
inserted in the split.

47. Conti..
• Result :-The bud grafting on 3 month old
seedling rootstock in June-July is suggested for
quick multiplication of woodapple.

49. JACKFRUIT
Gunjate et al .(1980).Epicotyl grafting in
jackfruit. Current Science 49 (17).
• Method :- Epicotyl grafting.
• Time :- June-July.
• Age of rootstock :- Germinated seedlings, 10
to 15 days old.
• Age of scion :- Mature shoots 10 cm in length,
dark green in colour and with plump dormant
apical buds.

50. Conti..
• Result :- 90 % of the grafts succeded.
Epicotyl grafting in Jackfruit

51. Conti..
Desai,S.A and Desai,A.G.(1989).Effect of age ,
length, defoliation and storage of scion sticks on
success of softwood grafting in jackfruit.
Proc.indian Acad.Sci.(Plant Sci.), Vol.99.No.5.
• Method of grafting :- Softwood grafting.
• Time of grafting :- March.
• Age of rootstock :- 1 yr old seedlings.
• Age of scion :- Scion sticks of different age (1-6
months old), with different length varying from
(2.5-15 cm) .

52. Conti..
• Result :- Mature scion sticks of 6 months old
recorded significantly highest sprouting (73.33%)
and survival (68.33%) of the grafts. With increase
in length of scion sticks ,the % of success also
increased. The scion sticks of 7.5 to 10 cm in
length gave the highest success. No significant
difference was observed with defoliated and
undefoliated scion sticks. The Jackfruit scion
sticks can be stored in moist sphagnum moss,
polybags, moist gunny bags upto 3 days.

53. Conti..
Gangamma Aralikatti.(2005).Softwood
grafting and invitro propagation studies in
jackfruit. University of Agri.Sci. Dharwad.
• Experiment :- Effect of age of rootstock on
success of grafting.
• Method of grafting :- Softwood grafting.
• Time of Grafting :- Aug- Feb.
• Age of rootstock :- 4- 10 months old
rootstocks as treatments were taken .

54. Softwood graft in jackfruit

55. Treatment details :-
Treatments Age of rootstocks
T1 4 months
T2 5 months
T3 6 months
T4 7 months
T5 8 months
T6 9 months
T7 10 months

56. Conti..
• Age of scion :- The scion were collected from
var. NAH-92, in the morning hrs on the day of
grafting.
• Result :- 7 months old rootstock recorded the
highest graft success (51.90%).