BIOCHEMICAL

1. Biochemical
Engineering
CHE 438
Dr. Muhammad Yasin
Assistant Professor

2. 2
Course Learning Outcomes
2
CLO1: Describe key concepts in
microbiology and biochemistry, and
their application in biochemical
engineering.
CLO2: Determine biokinetic
parameters.
CLO4: Design a bioreactor for
particular application
CLO3: Evaluate oxygen, and mass
transfer requirements for
bioprocesses.

3. 3
CLOs and PLOs
3

4. Course Introduction
Syllabus
 An Overview of Biological Basics
 Basic Biochemistry
 Enzymes [Kinetics, Immobilized Enzyme
Systems]
 Microbial Cell Growth Kinetics
 Microbial Metabolism
 Transport Phenomenon in Biological Systems
 Bioreactor Design and Analysis
 Applications of Biochemical Engineering
4

5. Microbiology and Biochemistry
Basic Concepts and Principles
Introduction: Microbiology and Basic Biochemistry
Enzyme Catalysis/ Microbial Kinetics
Chemical and Biochemical Kinetics
Cell Kinetics
Microbial Metabolism
Major Metabolic Pathways: Bioenergetics, Glucose Metabolism, Biosynthesis.
Unit operations and apparatus for Biosystems
(i) Heat Transfer & Mass Transfer
(ii) Bioreactors
Design, Analysis and Stability of Bioreactors.
Practical Aspects in Bioengineering
(i) Fermentation
(ii) Downstream operations in Bioprocesses
5
Course Contents/Time Line

6. Books
1. James Bailey, David ollis “Biochemical Engineer Fundamentals”, 1988, 2nd
Ed., McGraw Hill
2. Shigeo K., F. Yoshida, “Biochemical Engineering: A Textbook for
Engineers, Chemists and Biologists”, 2009, Wiley-VCH
3. Douglas S. Clark and Harvey W. Blanch, “Biochemical Engineering
(Chemical Industries)”, 1997,1st Ed., CRC Press
4. Shuler, Michael L., Fikret Kargi, “Bioprocess Engineering: Basic Concepts”,
2001, 2nd Ed., Prentice Hall PTR
5. James M. Lee., “Biochemical Engineering”, 1992, Prentice-Hall Inc.
6
Course Introduction

7. What is Biochemical Engineering?
Design and construction of unit processes that involve biological organisms or
molecules
 Extension of chemical engineering principles to the systems using
biological catalysts to bring chemical transformations (Conducting
biological processes on industrial scale)
 Bio-reaction engineering and Bio-separations
Bioprocess Engineering vs Biochemical Engineering?
Application of principles of engineering disciplines (mechanical, electrical, &
industrial) to the processes based on living catalysts (e.g., biosensors
development)
Draws primarily from chemical engineering
Not restricted to well-defined artificially constructed processes 7
Introduction

8. Bioengineering Vs Biological Engineering?
 Broader term: include work on medical and agricultural
systems
 Its practitioners include mechanical, electrical,
industrial, agricultural, environmental, and
chemical engineers.
 Biological engineering is similar to bioengineering, but
emphasis is application to plants and animals.
8
Introduction

9. What do biochemical engineers do?
 Typical employers come from all sectors of the
biotechnology industries, including those with interests
in pharmaceuticals, food, environment, waste
treatment, and consulting
 Formation of desired products through processes
involving biocatalysts
 Destruction of undesirable, and hazardous
materials
9
Introduction

10. What do biochemical engineers do?
 Specialties include (but not limited to)
 Fermentations and reactors
 Purification processes
 Enzymes and kinetics
What is Biotechnology?
Commercial technique that
use living organisms or substances from those organisms to make or modify
a product including techniques used for the:
Improvement of characteristics of economically important plants, and
animals, and
for the development of microorganism to act on environment 10
Introduction

11.  Application areas of Biotechnology?
11
Introduction

12.  Typical Biological Process?
12
Introduction
1. What change can be expected to occur?
2. How fast the process will take place?
3. How can the system be operated and
controlled for the maximum yield
4. How can the products be separated with
maximum purity and minimum costs?
Fermentation: The process for the
production of alcohol or
lactic acid from glucose (C6H12O6).
An enzymatically controlled transformation of an organic compound.

13.  Typical Biological Process?
=>
13
Introduction
Advantages
 Mild reaction condition
 Specificity
 Effectiveness
 Renewable resources
 Genetic engineering: Laboratory
Technology for genetic
manipulation within living cells
Disadvantages
 Complex product mixtures
 Dilute aqueous environments
 Contamination
 Variability
Recombinant DNA
 allows the direct manipulation of
genetic material of individual cells
 may be used to develop
microorganisms that produce new
products as well as useful
organisms.
 Here a foreign gene is spliced for a
desired product into circular forms
of DNA (plasmids), which is inserted
into an organism, so that the foreign
gene can be expressed to produce
the product from the organism.
Cell fusion
 is a process to form a single hybrid
cell with nuclei and cytoplasm from
two different types of cells in order to
combine the desirable
characteristics of the two.

14.  Generalized view of a bioprocess
14
Introduction

15. Assignment No. 1
Read an article that is published in an international journal and involves
application of biotechnology. Bring a copy of that article and be ready to present
and explain during class on February 24, 2021.
Guidelines for presentation
 Maximum 5 slides
 Maximum 7 minutes [5 min presentation, 2 min Q/A]
 Should summarize the key points of published article
 Submit soft copy of your presentation till February 24, 2021. Name your files
as:
Registration number_A1_submission date. For example: 102_A1_24022020
5 minutes presentation
15
Introduction