The document discusses flywheels and governors, explaining that flywheels are mechanical devices designed to store and release rotational energy, smoothing out speed variations in engines, while governors regulate engine speed by adjusting the supply of working fluid based on load changes. It details the types of flywheels and governors, their functions, and differences, emphasizing that flywheels address speed variation from engine torque fluctuations whereas governors manage speed variation due to load changes over time. Additionally, it highlights the materials used for flywheels and various types of governors, including centrifugal and spring-loaded designs.

1. FLYWHEEL AND
GOVERNORS
PRESENTED BY- TRISHAM GARG
11145104

2. WHAT IS FLYWHEEL ?
• A FLYWHEEL IS A MECHANICAL DEVICE SPECIFICALLY
DESIGNED TO EFFICIENTLY STORE ROTATIONAL ENERGY.
• IT STORES ENERGY DURING POWER STROKE AND RELEASES
ENERGY DURING IDLE STROKE.

3. NEED AND ITS FUNCTION
• THE MAIN FUNCTION OF A FLYWHEEL IS TO SMOOTHEN OUT VARIATIONS IN THE SPEED OF A
SHAFT CAUSED BY TORQUE FLUCTUATIONS.
• FLYWHEEL DOES NOT MAINTAIN A CONSTANT SPEED; IT SIMPLY REDUCES THE FLUCTUATION OF
SPEED.
• A FLYWHEEL CONTROLS THE SPEED VARIATIONS CAUSED BY THE FLUCTUATION OF THE ENGINE
TURNING MOMENT DURING EACH CYCLE OF OPERATION.

4. FLYWHEEL IS MADE UP OF………
FLYWHEEL MADE UP OF CAST IRON HAS MORE MASS FOR SAME
VALUES OF ENERGY STORAGE COMPARED WITH ALL OTHER
MATERIALS. IT IS BECAUSE OF HIGH DENSITY AND LESS STRENGTH OF
CAST IRON. IT IS FOLLOWED BY, STEEL AND E-GLASS FIBRE
COMPOSITE.

6. TYPES OF FLYWHEEL
RIM TYPE FLYWHEEL TAPERED FLYWHEEL

7. HOW THE FLYWHEEL WORKS ?
• THE FLYWHEEL POSITION IS BETWEEN ENGINE AND CLUTCH PATCH TO STARTER.
• FLYWHEEL CONNECTS THE ROTATION FROM ENGINE TO CLUTCH PLATE TO THE TRANSMISSION.
• FLYWHEEL ALSO MAKES THE CRANKSHAFT TO MOVE IN A MOTION TO MAKE THE ENGINE WORK
FROM STARTER.

9. APPLICATIONS OF FLYWHEEL
• RECIPROCATING ENGINES
• SMALL SCALE GENERATORS
• ACTS AS A POWER BOOSTER IN ELECTRIC VEHICLES
• PREFFERD OVER BATTERIES IN AEROSPACE

10. WHAT IS GOVERNOR ?
• GOVERNOR IS A MECHANICAL DEVICE WHICH IS USED TO
REGULATE
THE MEAN SPEED OF THE ENGINE, WHEN THERE ARE
VARIATIONS IN THE LOAD.

11. FUNCTION OF GOVERNOR
• THE GOVERNOR AUTOMATICALLY CONTROLS THE SUPPLY OF WORKING FLUID TO THE ENGINE
WITH THE VARYING LOAD CONDITION AND KEEPS THE MEAN SPEED WITHIN CERTAIN LIMITS.
• WHEN THE LOAD ON AN ENGINE INCREASES, ITS SPEED DECREASES, THEREFORE IT INCREASES
THE SUPPLY OF WORKING FLUID.
• ON THE OTHER HAND, WHEN THE LOAD ON THE ENGINE DECREASES, ITS SPEED INCREASES AND
THUS LESS WORKING FLUID IS SUPPLIED.

12. SIMPLE MODEL
OF GOVERNOR

13. GOVERNORS
CENTRIFUGAL
GOVERNORS
GRAVITY
LOADED
PORTER
GOVERNOR
PROELL
GOVERNOR
SPRING
LOADED
HARTNELL
GOVERNOR
WILSON
HARTNELL
HARTUNG
GOVERNOR
PICKERING
GOVERNOR
PENDULUM
TYPE
WATT
GOVERNOR
INERTIA
GOVERNORS
CLASSIFICATION

14. CENTRIFUGAL GOVERNOR
• THE CENTRIFUGAL GOVERNORS ARE BASED ON THE
BALANCING OF CENTRIFUGAL FORCE ON THE ROTATING
BALLS BY AN EQUAL AND OPPOSITE RADIAL FORCE

16. WATT GOVERNOR
• THE SIMPLEST FORM OF A
CENTRIFUGAL GOVERNOR IS A WATT
GOVERNOR
• IT IS BASICALLY A CONICAL
PENDULUM WITH LINKS ATTACHED TO
A SLEEVE OF NEGLIGIBLE MASS.

17. PORTER GOVERNOR
• THE PORTER GOVERNOR IS A MODIFICATION OF A
WATT’S GOVERNOR, WITH CENTRAL LOAD ATTACHED TO
THE SLEEVE.
• THE LOAD MOVES UP AND DOWN THE CENTRAL
SPINDLE. THIS ADDITIONAL DOWNWARD FORCE
INCREASES THE SPEED OF REVOLUTION REQUIRED TO
ENABLE THE BALLS TO RISE TO ANY PREDETERMINED
LEVEL.

18. PROELL GOVERNOR
• IT IS SIMILAR TO PORTER GOVERNOR, HOWEVER, IN
PROELL GOVERNOR, BALLS ARE ATTACHED TO THE
EXTENSION LINKS.

19. HARTNELL GOVERNOR
• A HARTNELL GOVERNOR IS A SPRING LOADED GOVERNOR
.
• IT CONSISTS OF TWO BELL CRANK LEVERS PIVOTED AT THE
FRAME.
• THE FRAME IS ATTACHED TO THE GOVERNOR SPINDLE
AND THEREFORE ROTATES WITH IT.
• THE SPRING FORCE MAY BE ADJUSTED BY SCREWING A
NUT UP OR DOWN ON THE SLEEVE.

21. DIFFERENCE B/W FLYWHEEL & GOVERNOR
FLYWHEEL
• USED BECAUSE OF VARIATION OF SPEED DUE
TO VARIATION IN THE OUTPUT TORQUE OF
ENGINE DURING A CYCLE.
• STORES EXCESS OF ROTATIONAL ENERGY FROM
THE POWER STROKE AND SUPPLY BACK
DURING NON- POWER STROKES OF THE CYCLE.
• IT CONTROLS THE SPEED FOR ONE CYCLE ONLY
SO IT IS CONTINUOUS.
GOVERNOR
• USED BECAUSE OF VARIATION OF SPEED DUE
TO VARIATION IN THE LOAD ON THE ENGINE.
• WHEN LOAD ON THE ENGINE INCREASES,
SPEED DECREASES, IT INCREASES THE FLOW OF
FUEL TO KEEP THE MEAN SPEED CONSTANT.
• IT MAINTAINS CONSTANT MEAN SPEED OVER A
PERIOD OF TIME SO IT IS DISCRETE.