The document discusses the functions of flywheels and governors. It defines a flywheel as an inertial energy storage device that absorbs and stores mechanical energy to smooth out fluctuations in shaft speed from varying torque. Governors are used to regulate the mean speed of an engine under varying load conditions by automatically controlling the fuel supply. Common types of governors include the Watt, Porter, and Hartnell governors. The Watt governor uses centrifugal force of weights on arms, while the Porter governor adds a central load. The Hartnell governor uses a spring to control the sleeve position based on speed. Flywheels and governors both aim to maintain consistent engine speed but flywheels only regulate speed within each cycle, while governors regulate mean
FLYWHEEL AND GOVERNORS
A flywheel is a mechanical device specifically designed to efficiently store rotational energy.
IT STORES ENERGY DURING POWER STROKE AND RELEASES ENERGY DURING IDLE STROKE.
The main function of a flywheel is to smoothen out variations in the speed of a shaft caused by torque fluctuations.
flywheel does not maintain a constant speed; it simply reduces the fluctuation of speed.
a flywheel controls the speed variations caused by the fluctuation of the engine turning moment during each cycle of operation.
FLYWHEEL IS MADE UP OF………
flywheel made up of cast iron has more mass for same values of energy storage compared with all other materials. It is because of high density and less strength of cast iron. It is followed by, steel and E-glass fibre composite.
The flywheel position is between engine and clutch patch to starter.
flywheel connects the rotation from engine to clutch plate to the transmission.
Flywheel also makes the crankshaft to move in a motion to make the engine work from starter.
Governor is a mechanical device which is used to regulatethe mean speed of the engine, when there are variations in the load.
the governor automatically controls the supply of working fluid to the engine with the varying load condition and keeps the mean speed within certain limits.
when the load on an engine increases, its speed decreases, therefore it increases the supply of working fluid.
On the other hand, when the load on the engine decreases, its speed increases and thus less working fluid is supplied.
BY- TRISHAM GARG
MM UNIVERSITY MULLANA
CONTACT NUMBER - 8059495599
Propeller shaft is a circular shaft which is used to transmit the power or rotational motion from the gear box to the final drive.
The propeller shaft as the name suggest “ propels the vehicle.
Like Comment and download
Belt is a Flexible Mechanical element that transmit power from one shaft to another
Belt is a Flexible Mechanical element that transmit power from one shaft to another
Gear Train
Ex: Automobile, engines etc.
Chain Drive
Ex : Bi-cycle , Motor cycle etc.
Belt Drive
Ex: Rice mills, sewing machine etc.
Rope Drive
Ex: lift, crane etc
FLYWHEEL AND GOVERNORS
A flywheel is a mechanical device specifically designed to efficiently store rotational energy.
IT STORES ENERGY DURING POWER STROKE AND RELEASES ENERGY DURING IDLE STROKE.
The main function of a flywheel is to smoothen out variations in the speed of a shaft caused by torque fluctuations.
flywheel does not maintain a constant speed; it simply reduces the fluctuation of speed.
a flywheel controls the speed variations caused by the fluctuation of the engine turning moment during each cycle of operation.
FLYWHEEL IS MADE UP OF………
flywheel made up of cast iron has more mass for same values of energy storage compared with all other materials. It is because of high density and less strength of cast iron. It is followed by, steel and E-glass fibre composite.
The flywheel position is between engine and clutch patch to starter.
flywheel connects the rotation from engine to clutch plate to the transmission.
Flywheel also makes the crankshaft to move in a motion to make the engine work from starter.
Governor is a mechanical device which is used to regulatethe mean speed of the engine, when there are variations in the load.
the governor automatically controls the supply of working fluid to the engine with the varying load condition and keeps the mean speed within certain limits.
when the load on an engine increases, its speed decreases, therefore it increases the supply of working fluid.
On the other hand, when the load on the engine decreases, its speed increases and thus less working fluid is supplied.
BY- TRISHAM GARG
MM UNIVERSITY MULLANA
CONTACT NUMBER - 8059495599
Propeller shaft is a circular shaft which is used to transmit the power or rotational motion from the gear box to the final drive.
The propeller shaft as the name suggest “ propels the vehicle.
Like Comment and download
Belt is a Flexible Mechanical element that transmit power from one shaft to another
Belt is a Flexible Mechanical element that transmit power from one shaft to another
Gear Train
Ex: Automobile, engines etc.
Chain Drive
Ex : Bi-cycle , Motor cycle etc.
Belt Drive
Ex: Rice mills, sewing machine etc.
Rope Drive
Ex: lift, crane etc
Unit 5- balancing of reciprocating masses, Dynamics of machines of VTU Syllabus prepared by Hareesha N Gowda, Asst. Prof, Dayananda Sagar College of Engg, Blore. Please write to hareeshang@gmail.com for suggestions and criticisms.
The various forces acts on the reciprocating parts of an engine.
The resultant of all the forces acting on the body of the engine due to inertia forces only is known as unbalanced force or shaking force.
Unit 5- balancing of reciprocating masses, Dynamics of machines of VTU Syllabus prepared by Hareesha N Gowda, Asst. Prof, Dayananda Sagar College of Engg, Blore. Please write to hareeshang@gmail.com for suggestions and criticisms.
The various forces acts on the reciprocating parts of an engine.
The resultant of all the forces acting on the body of the engine due to inertia forces only is known as unbalanced force or shaking force.
Terms Used in Governors
Height of a governor, Equilibrium speed, Sleeve lift
Performance of Governors
Sensitiveness , Stability, Hunting, Isochronism, Governor Effort, Power
Types, Application, Function
With sketch explain construction working of
1.watt Governor
2.Porter governor
3.Proell Governor
4.Harnell Governor
Numerical Problems
Comparison of Flywheel and Governor
MCQs
Hello Everyone!
The best ppt on watt governor. Learners can easily grasp it if they go through the whole ppt. Also helpful for making projects on watt governor.
By going through the ppt one can easily learn about the watt governor from basics.
You can also apply the knowledge that you gained from this ppt in real life problems.
About the ppt:
Watt governor is the simplest and gravity controlled form of the centrifugal governors.
It consists of two fly balls attached to the sleeve of negligible mass. The upper sides of arms are pivoted so that its balls can move upward and downward as they revolve with a vertical spindle. The engine drives the spindle through bevel gears.
The lower arms are connected to the sleeves. The sleeve is keyed to the spindle in such a way that revolves with the spindle.
At the same time, it can slide up and down according to the spindle speed. Two stoppers are provided at the bottom and top of the spindle to limit the movement sleeve.
Watt governor is also known as simple conical governor.
In the case of watts governor, the controlling force is provided by the action of gravity, at uniform speed controlling force is equal to the centrifugal force, and it balances each other.
I will suggest to watch the whole ppt so that you can learn more about it.
Thank You!
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Water Industry Process Automation and Control Monthly - May 2024.pdf
Flywheel and Governors
1. *FUNCTION OF FLYWHEEL- A flywheel is an inertial
energy-storage device. It absorbs mechanical energy and
serves as a reservoir, storing energy during the period
when the supply of energy is more than the requirement
and releases it during the period when the requirement of
energy is more than the supply.
The main function of a fly wheel is to smoothen out
variations in the speed of a shaft caused by torque
fluctuations. If the source of the driving torque or load
torque is fluctuating in nature, then a flywheel is usually
called for.
5.Flywheel & Governors (8marks)
3. * Coefficient of Fluctuation of Speed (CS) -
The difference between the maximum and minimum speeds during a
cycle is called the maximum fluctuation of speed. The ratio of the maximum
fluctuation of speed to the mean speed is called the coefficient of fluctuation of
speed.
4. *Coefficient of Fluctuation of Energy (CE)-
It may be defined as the ratio of the maximum fluctuation of
energy to the work done per cycle.
CE =
𝑴𝒂𝒙𝒊𝒎𝒖𝒎 𝒇𝒍𝒖𝒄𝒕𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒐𝒇 𝒆𝒏𝒆𝒓𝒈𝒚
𝑾𝒐𝒓𝒌 𝒅𝒐𝒏𝒆/𝒄𝒚𝒄𝒍𝒆
=
𝚫𝑬
𝐖
△ 𝑬 = 𝑴𝒂𝒙𝒊𝒎𝒖𝒎 𝒆𝒏𝒆𝒓𝒈𝒚 − 𝑴𝒊𝒏𝒊𝒎𝒖𝒎 𝒆𝒏𝒆𝒓𝒈𝒚
W=
𝑷∗𝟔𝟎
𝑵
Where,
P = Power
N = Number of working strokes /min
=N, for two stroke cycle
= N/2, for four stroke cycle
E = I * ω²
I = Mass moment of Inertia
ω= Angular speed=
𝟐𝜫𝑵
𝟔𝟎
6. INTRODUCTION
Function of Governor- The function of a governor is to
regulate the mean speed of an engine when there are
variations in the load . The governor automatically
controls the supply of working fluid to the engine with
the varying load conditions and keeps the mean speed
within certain limits.
7. Working principle
When the load of an engine increases , its speed
decreases , therefore it become necessary to increase
the supply of working fluid . On the other hand when
the load on the engine decreases, its speed increases
and thus less working fluid is required.
8. Types of governor
Watt governor : It is the simplest type of a centrifugal governor . If N is the speed of
arm and ball about the spindle axis , then the height of the governor (h) is given by
h=895/N^2
Porter governor : It is a modification of the watt governor , with a central load
attached to the sleeve.
The ratio of height of a porter governor to the height of a watt’s governor is
= m+M /m
Hartnell governor : It is a spring controlled governor.in a hartnell governor , the
compression of the spring or lift of the sleeve (h) is given by
h=(r2-r1) y/x
Stiffness of the spring
s=s2-s1/h
Where, r1= minimum radius of rotation
r2= maximum radius of rotation
s1= spring force exerted at the minimum radius of rotation
s2= spring force exerted at the maximum radius of rotation
x = length of vertical or ball arm of the lever
y = length of horizontal or sleeve arm of the lever
10. It consists of two balls
of equal masses
attached to yhe two
arms . the upper ends
of the arm are pivoted
to a spindle,which is
driven by the engine
through bevel gear. The
lower arms connected
to a sleeve which is
connected to the
spindle. The sleeve
revolve with the
spindle but can slide up
and down . the two
stops s1 and s2 on the
spindle prevents the
upwards and
downward motion of
sleeve . the sleeve is
connected by a bell
crank lever to a throtle
valve,which controls
the supply of the
working fluid..
11. WATT GOVERNOR
OPEN-ARM TYPE =In
the first fig. the upper
links are conncted by a
horizontal link and the
governor is known as
open arm type watt
governor .
CROSSED –ARM TYPE
=In the second fig the
upper links cross the
spindle and are
connected by another
link and the governor is
known as crossed-arm
governor.
19. PORTER GOVERNOR
Porter governor : it
is a modification of
the watt governor ,
with a central load
attached to the
sleeve.
The ratio of height
of a porter governor
to the height of a
watt’s governor is
=
m+M /m
20. Hartnell Governor
Hartnell governor
: it is a spring
controlled
governor . In a
hartnell governor
, the compression
of the spring or
lift of the sleeve
(h) is given by
h=(r2-r1) b/a
Stiffness of the
spring
s=s2-s1/h
24. FLYWHEEL GOVERNOR
It controls speed
variation caused by
engine turning
moment during cycle.
It stores energy and
gives up the energy
whenever required.
It regulates speed
during one cycle only.
It regulate the mean
speed of engine when
there is variation in
load.
It regulate the speed
by regulating the
quantity of charge.
It regulates speed
over period of time.
FLYWHEEL Vs GOVERNOR
25. It has no control over
quantity of charge.
It is not essential if
cycle fluctuation are
not present as in multi
cylinder engine.
Governor takes care of
quantity of charge.
It is very essential
element as it regulates
the fuel supply as per
demand
FLYWHEEL GOVERNOR
26. IMPORTANT TERMS RELATED TO GOVERNOR
Isochronous governors :A governor is said to be
Isochronous when the equilibrium speed is constant
for all radii of rotation of the balls .
Hunting : A governor is said to be hunt if the speed
of the engine fluctuates continuously above and
below the mean speed.
Stability of a governor :A governor is said to be stable
when for very speed within the working range there
is a definite configuration