The Role Ben Johnson Played In The Investigation Into...

The Role Ben Johnson Played In The Investigation Into...
Case 8.28 explains the role Ben Johnson played in the investigation into drugs in sports. Johnson
was a well–known Canadian runner. He won gold in the 1988 Olympics breaking both world and
Olympic records. Winning the gold medal at the Seoul Olympic Games gave Canadians a reason to
celebrate and led to widespread celebrations across the country. Winning gold for one's country
bring pride to the country and Canada took full advantage. It is believed that the Prime Minister
even used the victory to call a federal election. After the Olympics were over, the world found out
that Johnson's body contained an illegal substance. Johnson was stripped of his gold medal from the
Olympic committee and what Canada had been rejoicing was now ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Factual issues of the case include the use of steroids and the pressure from Canada for Johnson to
win the race at the Olympics. The pressure from the peoples' expectations of him dominating in his
performance was another factual issue in this case. Lastly, the investigation that led to the discovery
of an international substance abuse problem. To answer some of the moral or ethical decisions a few
things must be determined. What is considered cheating? How can a substance abuse problem be
determined? Also, did Canada have a right to go after athletes in their quest to seek the truth about
substance abuse in the country? On the bases on deontology, Johnson is aware of the substances
banned by the Olympic committee. He knew it was possible that he would be tested prior to the
games. Substance is considered a wrongdoing by the Olympic committee. This is why they have
issued a ban on certain substance and why if a person is caught in violating the rules they will be
stripped of their medal. The Canadian government was acting in a way to protect the country. The
country also knew the use of a banned substance went against the rules and as a result the country
investigated sports across the nation. From a teleological perspective Johnson may have felt it was
for the good of the country to do what he could to perform well. Winning a gold medal for Canada
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Olympic Games : The Winter Olympics
After many decades of holding the Olympic Games, people started to think that having a second
type of Olympics would make the most beloved sports competition even more popular. The first
Winter Olympics changed the image of the Olympic Games forever. The thrilling event of
"International Winter Sports Week" later became known as the first Winter Olympic Games. The
Ancient Grecian summer tradition was brought to the winter for the first time in Chamonix, France
on January 25, 1924. The event was a huge success and it became a tradition in the same manner as
the Summer Olympics. It was to be celebrated every four years. Having a Winter Olympics as well
as a Summer Olympics gave more athletes the opportunity to compete in the Olympic Games ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He thought that a sporting competition could be a peacemaker between nations. With the help of
other leaders, he formed the International Olympic Committee (IOC). The IOC became the
governing body for the modern Olympic Games. In Athens, Greece on April 6, 1896, the first
modern Olympic Games had its opening ceremony. The games had 280 people from 13 different
nations participating in 43 events. All of the 280 participants were males. Some of the events
included track and field, gymnastics, swimming, wrestling, cycling, tennis, weightlifting, shooting,
and fencing. This modern revival of the Olympic Games was a very popular competition right from
the beginning. The official symbol of the modern Olympics eventually became five rings
representing 5 continents, which are North and South America, Asia, Africa, Europe, and Australia.
As time went on, people started to wonder if having a winter version of the beloved summer
competition would be a success. (ebscohost.com) Members of the International Olympic Committee
decided to hold a separate winter games. Chamonix, France was the proud home of the first Winter
Olympics. "International Winter Sports Week" had its opening ceremonies on January 25, 1924 and
its closing ceremonies on February 5, 1924, with 258 athletes from 16 countries competing over a
period of 11 days in 16 events. 247 of the athletes were men and 11 were women.

The Sorry State of Filipino Athletes at the Olympics
THE SORRY STATE OF FILIPINO ATHLETES AT THE OLYMPICS
"Look! Even, what's that–Uzbekistan?! What's Uzbekistan?! Even this Uzbekistan has at least one
medal," my 10–year–old cousin shouts as she buries her head into her hands upon seeing the day's
Olympic medal count. For this year's Olympic Games in London, the Philippines sent out eleven
athletes to compete in eight sports, making it the smallest Philippine delegation at the Summer
Games since 1936. Out of those eleven, only two made it past their events' preliminary rounds:
boxer Mark Barriga and BMX cyclist Daniel Caluag. Neither of them advanced any further. For the
fourth straight Olympiad, the Philippines failed to get a medal of any sort.
It's a sorry sight; and it seems as ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The United States also have their own form of NSAs, but are called national sports federations. The
USOC's main focus are the athletes themselves and entering them into these competitions, while the
individual sports federations are in charge of these athlete's training of the regulation of their own
sporting community. These organizations' roles are defined and clear, much unlike in the
Philippines.
There also exists a second problem, this time, within the NSAs themselves. In an article by Gerry
Carpio, he talks about how divisions within the NSAs are causing major setbacks. In the Philippines,
NSAs can have two presidents: one to be recognized by the Philippine Olympic Committee and the
other to be recognized by international committees. Carpio even goes on to state that "these two
chiefs and their followers are mortal enemies." In the article he describes an instance where feuding
within an NSA ended in disaster. A conflict between the two figures of authority forced a divide
between the athletes, and eventually started a "war" in the NSA. The constant struggle limited the
athletes' opportunities and stalled preparations for competitions. By the time the conflict had been
resolved, it was already too late: there wasn't enough time to train these athletes properly. In the end,
they weren't

Factors that Shaped the Modern Olympic Movement
DBQ Essay
Some factors that shaped the modern Olympic movement from 1892 to 2002 were the increased
participation of women in the games due to women's suffrage, the rising nationalism and superiority
over competitors that took place, and the increase in trade and funding.
The modern Olympic movement was shaped through the soaring advocation of women's rights (2,
8). An anonymous photographer (#2), in the 1908 Olympic games held in Great Britain where only
2 percent of women participated in the games, presents a photograph of Sybil Newall, a female
British competitor at the games, and advocates women participating in the games. This photographer
might have this view because he or she is a feminist that took place in the women suffrage
movement and is baffled that solely two percent of athletes were women, and is urging the Olympics
to make a great change. Hassiva Boulmerka (#8), an Algerian competitor that engaged in the 1992
games held in Spain where 29 percent of the athletes were women, believes that every woman has
the ability of becoming an athlete, and must strengthen their mind and conscious, not just their body,
to overcome these social challenges. Boulmerka, as a woman participant, may have this belief
because she has underwent these obstacles as well, and wishes to motivate women in Spain to have
the will and determination to overcome them and become a female athlete like herself. A good
additional document that would better our understanding of how this social

Professional Athletes Should Be Allowed At The Olympic Games
With the multi–billions of dollars that the Olympics earn and spend, it's certainly is in the best
interest of the International Olympic Committee (IOC) to remain under the circumstances of
keeping sport open to professional athletes, not only financially, but as well as the majority of their
viewers. In this position statement, I will use historic International Olympic Committee guidelines
(1964) and official IOC reports as a basis for proving that professional athletes should be allowed to
participate in the Olympic Games.
To successfully understand what differentiates a professional athlete from an amateur athlete, and
the issues that arise from it, we must understand how the International Olympic Committee defines a
professional and amateur athlete. According to the "Eligibility Rules of the International Olympic
Committee" published in 1964,
a person was only eligible to participate in the Olympic games if they were an advocate for sport,
without material gain of any kind. He does not qualify:
a) If he has not a basic occupation designed to insure his insure his present and future livelihood;
b) If he receives or has received remuneration for participation in sport ;
c) If he does not comply with the Rules of the International Federation concerned, and the official
interpretations of this Rule number 26 '. (Eligibility Rules of the International Olympic
Committee,1964. p. 5)
If the Olympics were restricted to only amateur athletes, the "my country is better

Olympic Games : The Winter Olympics
After having many decades of the beloved Olympic Games, people started think that maybe having
a second type of Olympics would make the most popular sports competition even more popular. The
first Winter Olympics changed the image of the Olympic Games forever. The thrilling event of
"International Winter Sports Week" later became known as the first Winter Olympic Games. The
Ancient Grecian summer tradition was brought to the winter for the first time in Chamonix, France
on January 25, 1924. The event was a huge success and it became a tradition in the same manner as
the Summer Olympics. It was to be celebrated every four years. Having a Winter Olympics as well
as a Summer Olympics gave more athletes the opportunity to compete in the Olympic Games if their
sport took place in winter weather conditions, like skiing or figure skating. The first Winter Olympic
Games was an immense event that started a tradition which came to be known as the "largest winter
sports competition in the world". Nearly 3,000 years ago in Ancient Greece is where the roots of the
Olympic Games lie. Every four years in Olympia, on the western Peloponnese peninsula, athletes
would come together to compete in sporting events and honor the Greek god Zeus. The games
continued in the same manner for 12 centuries until a Christian Roman emperor by the name of
Emperor Theodosius I ordered for all "pagan" festivals to come to an end, which included the
Olympic Games. In 1894, a Frenchman by the name of Baron

The Winter Olympics: The Rise Of The Modern Olympic Games
The start of the original Olympic Games was created to honor the Greek god Zeus, which resulted in
a temporary halt of wars and a celebration of victors. The Games were a form of escapism from
political and wartime unrest for a greater cause. The Winter Olympics were no exception. However,
the escapism intent of the Games was gradually replaced with political undertones, attempting to
prove government superiority that still have precedent within the Modern Olympics of today. Dan
Snow of BBC discusses the Winter Olympics in detail of how the Games have transitioned into
political shows of power over the other countries on a world stage. This was evident in 1954 when
the USSR entered the Winter Olympic Games with the intent to prove their superiority of their
government by sending in the best, highly motivated, and elite professional athletes to compete in
the Games. (BBC, 2017) Tensions rose during the height of the Cold War with the USSR's
occupation of Afghanistan. This resulted in the United States boycott of the 1978 Summer
Olympics. However, the Winter Games were held two years later, in 1980, in which the USSR
attended in Lake Placid, New York. This served as high motivation for the United States to triumph
over the USSR, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Olympics are highly driven by politics and war, which has even resulted in boycotts and bans as
political statements in retaliation. Complacency with normative behaviors and laws that invalidates
the core foundation of the Olympic spirit have been a driving force in the Modern Olympics. This
transition from escapism and passion for competition has turned into a stage for political
showdowns and means for governments to "prove" superiority with metal counts and promote its
own political agendas over the egalitarianism and fervent spirit of the Olympic

Olympic Games Has Brought A Great Deal Of Economic,...
Introduction
It has been witnessed that Olympic games has brought a great deal of economic, social, cultural,
environmental and political changes to the host country. From the perspective of economics,
Olympic games can overall positively contribute the host country in its economic growth, urban
expandation, employment opportunities, households' welfare improvement, etc. For example, Korea
and Japan have comparatively experienced dramatic GDP growth after Olympics in Seoul in 1988
and Tokyo in 1964 with rates of 16.8% and 15.8%, respectively. In addition, developed countries
like Spain that host Olympic games in Barcelona in 1992 gained much domestic consumption with
11.1% growth rate, even thought the average employment growth in Spain kept flat, which is mostly
due to the economic recession in Europe at that time that has significantly offset the economic
benefits from Barcelona having Olympic games (Vegara, 1992). In theory, the net changes (positive
changes minus negative changes) from new economics activities in related to an event is defined as
"Economic Impact" (Foster, Greyser & Walsh, 2006). In 2001, China was renowned for holding
2008 Olympic games in Beijing. This event has economically brought a considerable of positive
impacts in vary aspects such as domestic demand improvement, employment rise, and so forth.
However, 2008 Olympic games in Beijing also contains negative economic impact, such as the
expenses on bidding for hosting Olympic games (Shipway &

The Importance Of Softball In The Olympics
"The inclusion of the package of new sports will afford young athletes the chance of a lifetime to
realize their dreams of competing in the Olympic Games – the world's greatest sporting stage – and
inspire them to achieve their best, both in sport and in life (Elliott)." Softball should be back in the
Olympics because it makes money and and benefits players by increasing interests.
Softball should be in the Olympics because it is one of the most popular female sports in the world.
"The hopes and dreams of millions of softball athletes across the globe have been answered"
(Softball and baseball added to the Olympics in 2020). There are over 245,000 softball teams,
comprising more than 3.5 million players. There are about 100 National Championships a year.
"Softball and baseball is global reach, loyal fan–base and positioning across many of the biggest
sport markets including Japan and many more" (Softball back in the Olympics). There are more
people than ever that watch softball and baseball it's starting to become world wide thing. "This is
the sixth year that we will be running the world cup of Oklahoma City" "It is an international event.
This year we will have 6 teams" (Elliott) There are more and more teams from other countries that
are joining and there is going to be more and more games for softball.
Softball should be in the Olympics because it promotes softball. For softball and baseball to be
added to the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games Program is a dream come true

Mcdonaldization of Olympic's Case
Rosario MGMT110 Assessment 3 McDonaldization of Olympic's case I'm going to analyse this case
because I want to understand how this process of McDonaldization is affecting the Olympic games
in his traditions and who's deciding what happens on the competitions in considerations of
scheduling times and events broadcasting. Why is it so important for NBC to put the events in prime
time for the United States ? And how can the will of "one big company" decide over many others
entities that are involved in the Olympics ? But first a brief description of what McDonaldization is:
"Process of rationalization, albiet taken to extreme levels. Rationalization is a sociological term that
simply means the substitution of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The main issue that we find in the managing choice of the IOC is the hegemony of power enforced
by the main investors. "Some people may rile against the commercialization or Americanization of
the Olympics but figures show that the dollars from the US is critical for the sustenance of the
Olympic movement. Besides TV, the IOC's another major stream of income is private partnership."(
D.Jones 2012) On the NBC side, it was a very smart move that took place a while ago during the
cold war, when USA used the Olympics to prove the supremacy over the USSR. It's not only about
broadcasting the games in their own country, but also getting the visibility globally as the main
protagonists of the global event. All this income from the US for the committee is vital to keep the
games happening, the big problem now days is that the structure of the Olympics is entirely based
on big companies paying "the bills" for the massive costs that have to be covered to organize,
manage and built facilities and events for the games. So from a IOC's managing perspective the
choice of keeping happy major investors makes sense and it wouldn't be so criticized if it was a little
less against the Olympic spirit. Athletes being forced to race at early morning hours by McDonald's,
Coca–Cola's etc ads is not really what the spirit of the event should be. But to make everything
happen, someone has to pay for everything that we see during races, competition, games and
ceremonies. The

Advantages Of Olympic Games
1) In the Commonwealth games, only commonwealth countries are eligible to participate (countries
that have been/were colonised by the British).The duration of the commonwealth games is around
10 days and it is televised only in the commonwealth of nations. In the Olympic games all countries
are eligible to participate and the duration of the games is around 18 days. The olympic games is
televised around the world.
Mbalula wants the olympic games rather than the commonwealth games because, the olympic
games is one of the most significant international sporting events and provides for a bigger
opportunity for the host country to display themselves to the world. As for t he Commonwealth
Games, it does not include America or China as well as a few other countries.
2) The election for host city takes places 7 years before the games, but the bidding process starts 9
years before the games and is continued for about 2 years.
The National Olympic Committee of the country puts forward their chosen city as ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
There is great honour involved in hosting the Olympic Games, it shows the world that your city is
exceptional and worthy of a visit from people from all over the world. The advantages of hosting the
Olympic Games is that it attracts tourism, which intern means more inflow of foreign currencies. In
addition the games can act as a massive advertisement for South Africa displaying them as places in
which to invest, raising the global profile of the country. Furthermore, South Africa could bring
about jobs for the unemployed. There are many issues in South Africa that are not given enough
attention to (e.g. corruption, poverty), the Olympic Games could bring about awareness to those
issues. The facilities that are build for the Olympic Games can be used for years to come, improving
the transportation systems.
The Olympic Games can boost patriotism and bring about unity in South

Economic Benefits Of Olympic Games
On September 1st, 2006, the International Olympic Committee accepted the bid from Rio de
Janeiro, Brazil to host the 2016 Summer Olympic Games. The nation's government proudly declared
the news to the world, and began to prepare their nation to host one of the oldest and most
prestigious sporting events in the world. Now that the dust has settled, many are beginning to
question whether the hosting of the 2016 Olympic games was a blessing or a curse. The Olympic
games are one of the oldest and most prestigious sporting events in the world. The modern Olympic
games officially started in 1896, located in Athens, Greece (History 2010). Hosting the Olympics
has become its own sort of competition with multiple cities and nations trying to prove to the
International Olympics Committee that their city is the next best destination. While it may seem to
be an honor that most citizens would want their nation to accept, many groups are arguing that
hosting the Olympics brings on a burden of costs that outweigh the benefits. Throughout this paper I
will be analyzing economic data from Rio de Janeiro. This data will be used to show the public
expenditure used for hosting the games include transportation infrastructure, sports stadiums, et
cetera. This data will be compared with more recent data on the utility and profitability of the
permanent facilities first constructed for the game. The data will be compiled from government
expenditure data proposed by the public budget required

International Sailing Federation : The World Governing...
International Sailing Federation
Brandon Bowers
September 28, 2014 Introduction
The International Sailing Federation (ISAF) is the world governing body for the sport of sailing,
officially recognized by the International Olympic Committee (IOC). (Kemp, 1976) In 2007 ISAF
celebrated its Centenary year which symbolized its existence of international sailing cooperation and
rules starting in europe and expanding to north america than the world. They now consist of 138
Member nations who are responsible for the governance of the sailing world. They govern over one
hundred sailing classes from 420mm dinghies to off shore racing classes up to sixty foot monohulls.
They started this from club racing before there was international competition.
History The world saw a need for common rules for sailing from the day different clubs wanted to
compete against each other. While the clubs individually had their own set of rules there was yet to
have a set of standards across internationally. In the late 1800's britain formed an organization of a
combination of clubs called the Yacht Racing Association. This while bring britain under common
rule didn't include spain,europe or north america. The leader of Yacht Racing Association called
upon france to join them in developing a common law for governing Sailing. This lead to a meeting
in London to put rules into place on boats and practices. This lead to the creation of the International
Yacht Racing Union which at the

Japan 's Olympic Games Against Rio De Janeiro
Japan 's Olympic Win
Beads of sweat dripped down Tsunekazu Takeda 's forehead as he eagerly awaited the fate of his
beloved city Tokyo. He glanced around nervously to his fellow committee members as they had
their eyes deadlocked on the 70 year old president of the International Olympic Committee Jacques
Rogge. The defeat in the previous biddings 4 years ago still lingered in everyone 's mind as a
nervous chill ran down his back as he watched as Rogge was handed the envelop. All was silent in
the room all expect for the words "The International committee has the honor of announcing the
32nd Olympia games in 2020 are awarded to the city of Tokyo." A sigh of relive follow by a huge
cheer or excitement filled the room as the Tsunekazu and his fellow Japanese committee members
bounced out of their seats applauding and waving their flag. They had failed to win the 2016
Olympic Games against Rio de Janeiro in 2009 but have redeemed themselves here in 2013 winning
the 2020 Olympics. The minds of the Japanese Olympic committee were unanimous; they had done
it, on September 7th 2013, after 50 years the summer Olympics have been brought back to japan
once again. But the celebration was only temporary, like a sugar high that wouldn't last; hosting the
Olympic Games is not an easy task. Years of planning and preparation, venues, ceremonies, along
with cost vs expenses budget control, public opinion, and fluctuating the economy are only the tip of
the iceberg of their worries. Tokyo is

Corporate Sponsorships Throughout Olympic History
Corporate Sponsorships Throughout Olympic History
The Sochi 2014 Olympic Winter Games were successfully staged with the support of ten Worldwide
Olympic Partners (Olympics.org, 2017). The partners provided a variety of products, services,
technologies, expertise, and financial resources, creating unique contributions as well as innovative
marketing programs that promoted their Olympic sponsorships, support the athletes, and spread the
Olympic values around the world, which included (Olympics.org, 2015):
Coca–Cola leveraging their partnership to create positive change in Russian lives and accelerate
business through several initiatives including the support of the Olympic Torch Relay and launch of
an Active Healthy Living Showcase;
ATOS ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Olympic marketing program also sold broadcasting rights where the Sochi 2014 Games made
Olympic broadcasting history with 102,000 (television and digital) recorded hours changing the way
audiences consumed major sporting events and broadcasters embraced new platforms and
technologies (Olympics.org, 2017). The Olympics licensing program helped the Sochi Games brand
visible on tickets, tons of merchandise, and in every stadium (Olympics.org, 2017). Sochi also saw a
change in social interactions were many countries, cities, companies, and individuals took to social
media to express their pride, support, and opinions about the Games. The Sochi Games gained more
than 2.2 million new followers across all platforms, and a total of 7.7 million Facebook fans
(Olympics.org, 2017).
Global Corporate Sponsorship Reach
According to the text, on Olympic.org (2017), the Olympic Games are one of the most effective
global marketing platforms reaching billions in over 200 countries and territories. Corporate
partners help provide vital technical services, product support, Games staging, and operations of
every organization within the Olympic Program (Olympic.org, 2017). Olympic sponsorships create
images of brand goodwill, build awareness and communicate messages, and afford employee reward
and client entertainment opportunities (Keller, 2014). These

2016 Boston Olympics A Chance
Yiwei Wang
Nancye Araneo
ESL 155
23, Feb, 2015
Give Boston Olympics a Chance "Give 2024 Boston Olympics a chance!" people invoked on social
network, after Mayor Marty Walsh announced 2024 Boston Olympic bid. Due to hundred years of
development, Olympic spirits influenced and inspired generation after generation. Now, the
Olympics is not only a athletic match, but also a stage for the host to show up. Hosting the Olympics
in Boston would provide a wonderful opportunity to build a valuable legacy not only for Boston, but
also for the Olympic movement. The 2024 Boston Olympic Games should be held to enhance life
quality of the residents in greater Boston region. Holding the Olympic games is a good chance to
boost the public transportation ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(28) The 2024 Boston Olympic games will bring intense development of underutilized areas in
Boston and the utilization of open space will be enhanced. Due to Boston is a port city and there are
6 international airports in greater Boston region, The 2024 Boston Olympic games council can save
more money for building large transport facilities and use the investment to improve the public
transportation.That is a good news for the residents who live in greater Boston region because the
daily traffic will be more efficient and convenient. The infrastructure of the Olympic games will be
a legacy. The legacy of hosting the Olympic games is most visibly identified by the improved
physical character of Greater Boston. Boston 2024 Olympics bid concept shows: Greater Boston
region will take an exponential jump forward with a new Midtown multifunctional neighborhood in
the core of the city, a new student village at Boston's public university, a renewed public golf course
at Franklin Park and Somerville will get a opportunity to transform into the 'cycling capital of
America.' (33) Boston 2024 committee also announced that Boston will also build more than 28
venues or renewed in a 10–kilometer radius of Boston urban area, and two major clusters for
residences and stadiums will be established by the Government of Boston.(29) As Grillo said in
Boston Business journal, 3,000 to 4,000 new affordable workforce units of in midtown can solve
Boston's housing

The Olympic Games Of The United States Essay
In 1896, the Olympic Games were officially reborn into the modern era thanks to a Frenchman
named Baron Pierre de Coubertin (Lewis, 1992). In 1904, the Games of the III Olympiad arrived in
the United States, marking itself as the first Olympics to be held in said country as well as the first
hosted outside of Europe. Often forgotten, this specific Olympics also signifies the beginning of the
horrible luck Chicago, Illinois, has had regarding the hosting rights. With four losses under its belt
and a history of bad news, Chicago is frequently told–to no one's surprise–that it should simply give
up on its dream and focus on improving itself. However, who's to say that the Jewel of the Midwest
can't do both? By incorporating a well–thought–out narrative of what the city has gone through into
their appeal process, Chicago could very well win the bid next time around–whenever that might be.
The city boasts an efficiently compact setting; a history and love of sports that entices amiable
relations between residents; and an enthralling tale to tell. Overall, Chicago can use its need for a
strong community to reach the top of the podium in the rigorous battle for host city status. A point
often overlooked, the city technically won the hosting rights once.
The International Olympic Committee (IOC) awarded the city the right to host the third Olympics in
1904. Be that as it may, those games did not take place in Chicago as planned. Instead, Saint Louis,
Missouri, captured the rights

How Great Of An Honor Is It At Host An Event Such As The...
How great of an honor is it to host an event such as the Olympics? According to Stefan Szymanski,
"the hosting of major sporting events has become the subject of intense competition among nations.
Governments will make large financial commitments in order to win the bidding competition." The
regression of big time sporting events have changed immensely, from firstly being about showing
who the best athlete was, to now a way of nations being able to bring fame and possible fortunes to
their doors for just hosting such huge events. 2000–2015 has been a time span where the
conversation about the Olympics, it's events, and it's policies have changed.
The Olympic games originated in ancient Greece, about 3,000 years ago (8th century B.C. to 4th
century A.D.) (A+E Networks, 2015). The games took place in Olympia located in the western
Peloponnese peninsula. At first the Olympic games were used as a religious festival in honor of the
ruler of gods, Zeus. After many years the Olympic games were re–introduced in the 19th century,
which was done to bring countries back together as one and participate in this world wide
competition of olympians. The games as a whole have changed the way of how people see the
athletes. In the beginning of it all, the athletes competed for their religious believes, now the race to
be the best is at its highest, with the 28 sports to participate in. According to the author, the number
of professional has increased by approximately 10,500 professional

Essay On The Munich Massacre
The Munich massacre occurred during the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, Germany, where
members of the Israeli Olympic team were taken hostage and eventually murdered by Black
September, a Palestinian terrorist organisation. By the end of the agonising ordeal, 11 Israeli athletes
and coaches had been killed, and one German police officer. Consequently, the "Operation Wrath of
God" was carried out in order to assassinate the individuals involved in the massacre, in which five
of the eight members of the terrorist group were killed. The remaining three members were
captured, and later released by West Germany after the hijacking by Black September of a Lufthansa
airliner. The aftermath of the terrorist attack consisted of several short and long term impacts,
including the effects on the Olympic Games, the world's view on security and the victims' families.
For the first time in the history of modern Olympics, the games were suspended in the wake of the
terrorist attack. The Munich massacre had a significant impact on the Olympic Games. After the
murder of the 11 members of the Israeli team, a memorial service was held in the Olympic Stadium,
in which there was an attendance of 80,000 spectators and 3000 athletes. Following the massacre,
there was great argumentation on whether the games should continue or not. It was also believed
that the cancellation of the games would have encouraged repeated acts of terrorism. Players feared
they were at risk, while people also believed

Salt Lake City Olympic Winter Game Analysis
In 2002 the Winter Olympics were held in Salt Lake City, Utah. With this being the first winter
games held in the United States in over twenty years, they wanted to make it the best winter games
that the world has seen. With winning the bid over Sion, Östersund and Quebec City on June 16,
1995, this gave them seven years to plan the greatest winter Olympic games that has ever been
played. Although during this bidding process there was some "funny" business going on with the
Salt Lake City bid team and the International Olympic Committee members. This ended up with ten
members of the International Olympic Committee resigning and also the Salt Lake City bid leaders
Tom Welch and Dave Johnson. This went down in history as one of the most controversial in the
light of the scandal (IOC, 2012).
To guarantee a legacy from the Salt Lake City 2002 Olympic Winter Games, the Utah Sports
Commission was set up to create both open recreational and elite game in the state. Since, Utah has
facilitated more than 50 World Cups occasions or real games titles. An expansion in games support
from youngsters was likewise noted, with games, for example, bobsleigh, skeleton, snowboarding
and freestyle and mogul skiing all seeing an upsurge in interest (IOC, 2012, p. 11).
The Salt Lake 2002 Olympic Winter Games presented a cohesive image built on meaningful and ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Both cities still to the day get tourist come just to see the venues that held the Games. At the end of
the 2010 Games Lord Coe, a British politician and former track and field athlete, noted the Games
had "gradually recovered from its tumultuous start" and said that he "never thought the British
would find rivals in their preoccupation with the weather which is almost elevated to an Olympic
event" as he credited Vancouver Olympic Committee for meeting unforeseen challenges such as the
unseasonably warm weather of Cypress

Essay about Politics and the Modern Olympics
At first thought, it may be difficult to understand any possible connection between sports and
politics. The New International Webster's Dictionary of the English Language defines politics as 'the
science of government', and sports as 'a particular game or physical activity pursued for diversion'.
On the surface the two concepts have very little in common, yet their connection can be traced to
antiquity and the first organized sporting events. The first Olympic games took place in Greece in
the ninth century, b.c.e. to worship the gods, win personal glory, and, most importantly, unite the
Greek city–states. At that time, Greece was made up of many small, isolated communities which, as
they flourished, sought to dominate the others. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(16).
Hitler employed artists to create beautiful posters and magazine spreads to advertise and promote
the Games. When they included athletes in their artwork, the artists portrayed them as
representatives of the Nazi myth of the "Aryan" race –– blue eyed blondes with strong, chiseled
features. In this way, Hitler wanted to draw a link between Nazi Germany and Ancient Greece. (16).
Adolph Hitler opened the Eleventh Olympiad on August 1, 1936. His arrival was announced by a
fanfare directed by the famous composer Richard Strauss to the mostly German spectators.
Establishing a new Olympic tradition, a lone runner carried a flame which traveled by relays of
runners from the site of the original ancient Games in Olympia, Greece (16)
"...Sport is prostituted when sport loses its independent and democratic character and becomes a
political institution...Nazi Germany is endeavoring to use the Eleventh Olympiad to serve the
necessities and interests of the Nazi regime rather than the Olympic ideals."
Committee on Fair Play In Sports, New York, November 15, 1935 (16) Adolph Hitler wanted the
1936 Berlin Olympics to be a large scale national spectacle. So that the rest of the world could see
the glory of Nazi Germany, he hired film producer Leni

The International Olympic Committee ( Ioc )
George Grigsby
Historical Foundation
March 12, 2016
Rio 2016 In September 7, 2007 the International Olympic committee (IOC) when over the
application for the host city for the 2016 summer games. Amount those cities was Rio scoring a high
of 6.3 on the rating. Rio is rich in activities, religion, culture but Rio face many problems, some of
those problems are crime rate is high, pollution and poverty that excite in that area. Looking back on
the history of Brazil will show that it is a country that is tropical but it was discovered by Portugal
during the 16th century and mostly controlled by European nations and from the 16th century on
there were exchange of rulers "The Portuguese military officers that were based in Brazil at this time
sided with the constitutionalist movement in their homeland. General Jorge Avilez, who led the
Portuguese military, forced Dom Pedro to dismiss and banish the ministers of Kingdom and
Finance. These men had both been loyal to Dom Pedro and the prince was left feeling helpless and
humiliated as he was manipulated by Avilez. From that moment, Pedro swore never to give in to
military manipulation again. In September 1821, the provincial governments of Brazil were put in
political subordination to Portugal, which left Pedro nothing more than the Governor of Rio de
Janeiro, which was just a province. Pedro was also ordered to go back to Europe and any courts that
his father had created in 1808 were done away with. The Brazilian inhabitants

The Olympics 's Impact On The Olympic Arena
Ever since its inception in 1896, the Modern Olympics has hosted an invisible sport: politics. The
Olympics calls for "a halt to all conflicts ... [and to] strive towards a more peaceful world," but
politics soon spoiled its biennial message. "As the Olympics continue to dissolve into ... a political
competition ... they no longer ... justify the time and trouble," Dave Anderson, Pulitzer Prize winner
for his sports column, wrote in the New York Times in 1984. The Olympic spirit has routinely been
used as an outlet for political agendas. With political and Olympic ambitions intersected, the great
international sports festivity negatively affects all nations involved. World leaders frequently use the
Olympic arena as a stage for international ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Boycotting has been used throughout history as an instrument for foreign policy. "For any Olympics
to be a true Olympics, all the world's nations should be represented," said Anderson. "Not ... those ...
on one side or the other of political barbed wire." As a result of boycott, the essence of the games–
competition–diminished. At the 1980 Olympics where the United States decided to stay home, the
Soviet Union swept 195 medals–the largest won in history–followed by the United States in 1984
with 174 medals, when, by no surprise, the Soviets decided to miss. Ironically, the spirit of the
Olympics turned cold alongside the Cold War. "[The domination as a result of boycott] diminished
any accomplishments in working hard," said Al Oerter, a four–time Olympic gold–medal winner.
The Olympic Games quickly turned into a game for politicians, not the athletes. James Montague,
the 2009 Best New Writer, wrote in CNN that Carter's idea of a "good, non–military way of
protesting the invasion" was not effective, with the Soviet occupation of Afghanistan lasting another
eight years. The 1976 boycott was not effective either; the South African apartheid regime survived
another eighteen years. Boycotting did more damage at home than it did away: it proved horrible for
the Olympic movement and for athletes like Don Paige, a renowned track runner, who was left to
watch the race he knew he could win. The Olympics also experiences political terrorism, which

Avery Brundage: The University Archives
Avery Brundage was a University of Illinois Engineering alumnus who became the 5th president of
the International Olympic Committee, serving as such between 1952 and 1972. He was a fierce
defender of amateur sports and a critic of the commercialization of the Olympic Games. The
University Archives holds a large collection from his professional career, including papers,
correspondence, photographs, and films. This collection includes numerous boxes about Latin
American and Caribbean regional games, such as Pan American Games, Bolivarian Games, and
Central American Games, for instance. It also contains several boxes of material about National
Olympic committees (NOCs), with all Latin American and Caribbean nations well represented. This
collection

The Ancient And Modern Olympics
Have you ever wondered where the idea of the Olympics has started? The Ancient and Modern
Olympics are a turning point in history. The Olympics played a huge role in society, and was
different yet similar both in ancient times and modern time, but had stopped for a while, made a
comeback, and has started a breakthrough in the world of sports. Events like the Olympics brings
each country together all supporting each other. It combines passion with hard work and pride to
compete in the Olympics. Here is how the Olympics has evolved and made a breakthrough. First of
all, during ancient times the Olympics were different from what you see today. The first ancient
Olympics dates back to 776BC. The Olympics are named after the place they originated, ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The first modern Olympics was held in Athens, Greece in 1896. There were 280 competitors from
13 nations. All competitors were male. Other than in Ancient Greece women were allowed to watch
because the male competitors were clothed. There were forty–three events being competed in. The
events include track and field, gymnastics, swimming, wrestling, cycling, tennis, and weightlifting,
shooting and fencing. Judges are members of respective International Sports Federations, which are
non–governmental organizations recognized by the International Olympic Committee for being in
charge of a sport on an international level. Later many sporting events were added and all people
were allowed to compete. The official symbol of the modern Games was made with a white
background and with five interlocking colored rings, representing the continents of North and South
America, Asia, Africa, Europe and Australia. The Winter Olympics debuted in 1924 and included
such events as figure skating, ice hockey, bobsledding and the biathlon. In the Modern Olympics
wins get either a gold medal (for 1st place), a bronze medal (for 2nd place), and a bronze medal (for
3rd place). Athletes can get money for placing. Different countries offer different amounts of money
to the athletes, and the winnings actually vary greatly. Some countries, like the United Kingdom,
don't offer money to the medalist at all. However, in the United States of America Gold medal
winners receive $25,000 before taxes. Silver medal winners receive $15,000, and bronze winners
receive $10,000. For team sports like gymnastics, the winnings are not split among members each
athlete receives the winning amount. Eighty years later, when the 2004 Summer Olympics returned
to Athens for the first time in more than a century, nearly 11,000 athletes from a record 201
countries competed. In a gesture that joined both ancient and modern Olympic traditions, the

Ambush Marketing: Los Angeles Olympics
Ambush marketing as an idea first became exposed at the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics. Those
Games, which created an excess of US$250 million, were considered a staggering achievement.
They were the first to be financed completely secretly. With the end goal this should happen, the
coordinators of the Games and the International Olympic Committee (IOC) themselves had
actualized a rebuilding of their sponsorship stage in the mid 1980s. Before the 1984 Games, any
number of supporters had been permitted to attach themselves to the Olympics on an "official"
premise. This approach reached a crucial stage at the 1976 Montreal Olympics when there were 628
"official" patrons. As a paper by Chadwick's department at Coventry University ('Ambush
marketing ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Regularly the competitions are profound established and the promoting wars durable. One such
supported crusade was the war pursued by American Express all through the late 1980s and 1990s to
battle Visa's status as select Olympic promoting accomplice.
As per Michael Payne, who battled a maintained receptive and proactive war against the ambushers
in his part as advertising chief at the International Olympic Committee from 1988 to 2002, "Amex
never recuperated from losing the Olympic rights to Visa after the 1984 Los Angeles Olympic
Games. American Express may do nicely in most places," Payne says in his illuminating book
'Olympic Turnaround', "but not at the Olympics (Emmett, 2010)."
Without a doubt, American Express' ambushing exercises in the late eighties specifically acquired
the rage of the IOC and guaranteed that the organization fell foul of one of the unforgiving 'name
and disgrace' battles that portrayed hostile to ambushing activity in the

Political Influences Of The Olympic Games
Olympics games date back to 776 B.C. Which games were devoted to the Olympian Gods and were
held in Olympia Greece. In ancient time only the noble class people and men were allowed to
participate in the games. And the athletes only participated in few games. Today's Olympic Games
are the inspiration of these ancient games. Many changes have taken place in past decade. In ancient
period only people from Greece participated in the event, but in the modern Olympic Games people
including both men and women from around the world participate in event. Olympics games are one
of the leading international sport events which are organized every four years. Thousand of athletes
from around the world represent their country and participate in different ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
These events can also enable the host country attract investment in the country as well as provide
job opportunities to millions of people. Along with the pros side of the Olympic Games, history is
evident that these events have gone through many controversies regarding the political influences.
These games are seen to be highly influenced by the political aspect of the organizing committee as
well as the political influence of the hosting country in the games and events. From the beginning of
Modern Olympics we have evidenced that host county generally keep their best interest in hand and
promote their political ideologies through Olympics Games. There were allegation to some hosting
countries like Nazi Germany that they used the game to show Aryan superiority back when it
organized Olympics Games. During the World Wars the Olympic Games had to be halted and even
after these wars there were very limited participation due to Cold Wars. There was also terrorist
attack during the Olympic Games back in 1972 at Berlin. At many times the athletes participating in
the games has also shown political influence through their actions and languages used during the

The Olympic Games : Athletes
The Olympic Games are a sporting event in which athletes from all over the world come to one city
to compete in various sports. The Olympics take place every two years with the Summer Games and
the Winter Games alternating. Up until about twenty years ago, the Olympics were permitted to
amateur athletes, or athletes that compete in a sport without collecting revenue from their activity,
only. The International Olympic Committee, a committee that organizes and relegates the modern
Olympic Games, changed the eligibility requirements of competitors in 1986. They permitted
professional athletes to compete in the Olympics because many "amateur" athletes that were
competing had been financially supported by their governments to train full–time. ... Show more
Amatuer competitors depend on private sponsorship, liker family members and rich supporters, to
finance their training and daily living costs (Olson). In addition, an amateur is someone that
competes and has always competed in sports as an avocation without any material benefit
("Eligibility Rules of the International Olympic Committee"). Before the move that enabled
professionals to compete in the Olympic Games, there were many specific rules and regulations
regarding the eligibility requirements of athletes. For instance, one did not meet the qualifications if
they accept or had accepted any compensation for participating in sports ("Eligibility Rules of the
International Olympic Committee"). In addition, an athlete that developed into a professional in a
sport or that expressed their intentions of becoming a professional was not allowed to compete
("Eligibility Rules of the International Olympic Committee"). The one strict regulation that
constantly governed the Olympic Games was that amateur athletes were allowed to compete, and
professionals were not (Green). However, in 1971, the International Olympic Committee eradicated
the requirements of amateurism, which authorized competitors to earn sponsorship from national
associations, sports organizations, and independent businesses for the first chance (Olson). What
made it such a simple decision was the skepticism that competitors from particular countries were in
fact

Pros And Cons Of Baseball In The Olympics
Should Baseball be in the Olympics?
Imagine there is a baseball player in the MLB and the International Olympics Committee (IOC) just
announced that baseball will be added to the Olympics. The player is excited at first because "Who
does not want to be in the Olympics?", but then he realizes the downsides. This is a very
controversial issue. Many people debate if baseball should be in the Olympics. Baseball is going to
be added in the Olympics again, but is it really worth it? The cons really outweigh the pros on this
one. Baseball should not be in the Olympics because only a small amount of nations play baseball,
baseball stadiums cost a lot of money, and the Olympics are in the middle of the baseball season.
First, baseball should not be in the Olympics because only a small amount of nations play baseball.
"Baseball Popularity" states that, "Only Japan, Korea, Canada, the United States, Cuba, and the
Dominican Republic actually play baseball competitively." (1). With this few teams, baseball will
not even be exciting to watch and will not last long. Also, only a few ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
First off, many players will not like this because they do not make money in the Olympics. Almost
all players, especially the ones with good salaries would rather be making money for playing instead
of taking time off. There are also many players that would rather just stay because they get to play
more. In international competition, there will be few games in the tournament compared to the three
games every five days that they will get in the MLB. The athletes will also have to stay at the
Olympics for a month when competition may only last for five to seven days. This shortage in time
played compared to time spent in the host country will drive many players away from playing. In
conclusion, athletes will hate not making money and lacking time played and will resent playing at
the

International Olympic Committee
Every four years, there will be an international sports event held. Under this topic, we are not talking
about the FIFA World Cup, which hold in the next month, but the Olympics Games. Most of the
Olympics Games can hold successfully, the credit of an international organization is indispensable.
This international organization is International Olympic Committee (IOC).
The IOC is an international non–governmental and non–profit organization, which constituted itself
on 23 June 1894. They also have an unlimited duration in the form of an association. The
organization recognized by the Swiss Federal Council according with an agreement signed on 1
November, 2000. Besides providing a platform for the athletes to battle or competition, the ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Radio and Television Commission Conduct the promotion of the Olympic Games to the
worldwide.
The Sport and Environment Commission Advise the IOC Executive Board on the issue of
environmental protection and support for sustainable development while or after the Olympic
Games.
Name Function
The Sport and Law Commission Provide a juridical platform for the Olympic Games.
The Sport for All Commission Aims to grow the interest of public on doing health and physical
activity.
The TV Rights and New Media Commission Prepare and implement the overall structure for future
broadcast rights negotiations.
The Women and Sport Commission Advise the IOC Executive Board on the policy of promoting
women in sport.
From the above list of those twenty–two commissions, we can know that the IOC is not only
arranging the Olympic Games, but also educate the sports event to different sectors, like students
and women. Moreover, a good planning on the advertising and broadcast rights can help the host
city to avoid losses from holding the Olympic Games.
For businesses, the use of the trademark of the Olympic Games within the period can be effectively
promoted to sales or corporate image, and it can make the brand reaching billions of people in over
two hundred countries and city throughout the world. So that the IOC released a programme named
"The Olympic Partner Programme" (TOP Programme). Its revenue generated by commercial
partnerships can accounts for more than 40%

The Olympic Games : A Unique Sporting Event
The Olympic games is a unique sporting event in which the host cities need to build venues,
housing, stadiums, as well pay for millions of employees to run the event. As seen in Exhibit 1, the
Summer Olympics is only second to the super bowl when considering the most expensive athletic
events. Each year as well, the cost has been increasing to the point in which recent games, the cost
of everything together has reached millions and even billions of dollars. Depending on the city these
games either leave the city drowning in debt or give their economy a boost and help bring money
and visitors into the area. In 2012, London was given the chance to host the Olympics for their
second time. The event brought millions of people from all over the world in to the county, leading
to the average visitor spending GBP 1,290 totaling up to about GBP 4.5 million just from the
overseas visitors (Fact Sheet London 2012, 2012). Although there is obvious incentive to wanting
the Olympics in particular city, it is also very expensive to host. Even in light of the recent
recession, London budgeted GBP 3 billion for the even and eventually spent nearly $14 billion by
the end (Farmer, 2013). They began building for the event in 2008, just after the worst of the global
financial crisis. This brought issues of a money crunch when attempting to make the worlds finest
facilities for cities hosting in the up coming years, it raises questions about how to fund that amount
of money, and what are the

Example Of Ambush Marketing
What is the definition of the term "Ambush marketing"? In his book "Ambush marketing in sports"
Gerd stated that the verb " to ambush" is identified as to attack. Thus the sponsors consider ambush
marketing as acts and illegal thefts. Moreover, according to Meenaghan, in his opinion this act is a
practice of a competitor that interferes with the attention of the audience near a specific event and
distracts the people's attention from the sponsor. 1, 2 Being a type of guerrilla marketing, Linda
Norcross in her article in Street & Smith's SportsBusiness Journam, identified ambush marketing as
the marketing campaign that takes place during the organization of a big event while trying to
escape from paying any costs in terms of sponsoring that specific event. Linda also added that this
act of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Managing sponsorship deals with athletes, teams or organizations who are involved in the event. 3
Examples of these types: In 1984, Kodak decided to sponsor a TV broadcast despite that the official
sponsor of the 1984 games was Fuji. Moreover, in 1992, Nike sponsored a news conference starring
Michael Jordan who hid his Reebok uniform logo. In 1996, Puma who provided him with contact
lenses having the big Puma logo on them despite that Reebok was the official sponsor sponsored
Linford Christies the British runner. And in 2010, MasterCard utilized vehicles for food catering in
traffic areas in order to provide coffee to the spectators yet VISA was the official sponsor of the
event. 3 Marketing professionals believe that ambush marketing is considered the definite effective
and the most creative mean of advertising at all times. Yet, some people claim that it affects and
"threatens to erode the fundamental revenue base of mega sporting events."

How the Olympics Have Been Hijacked by Nationalism and...
Would you agree that the Olympics are less about sports and more about nationalism and
commercialism?
When the Olympic Games were founded in 776 BC their main aim was to promote peace and
athletic excellence but over the past few years the spirit of Olympics has been hijacked by
nationalism and commercialism.
Olympic Games have been a victim of political conflicts since its inception but during the 19th
Century these games suffered the most. The Munich games held in 1936 were boycotted by many
countries including Ireland and Spain as many believed that Adolf Hitler sought to exploit the games
for propaganda purposes. Nationalism also affected the spirit of Olympic Games during the World
Wars where the conflicting blocks refused to summon on the Olympic platform to exhibit their skills
and talents in the field of sports. After the World War II many countries including the United States
boycotted the Moscow games (1980) held in Russia and the loosing countries were not even invited
to this event. There were the boycott years 1976, 1980 and 1984 when entire nations including
United States and Russia stayed away because rivals either were present there or were
hosting.Therefore the Olympic Games failed a number of times to promote peace between countries
through sports. Rivalries between conflicting countries have often delayed the Olympic Games and
have raised questions regarding the true purpose of these games. Commercialism has

Social Movements Against Bidding For Sports Mega Events
Social Movements against Bidding for Sport Mega–events: A Case Study of the 2024 Summer
Olympics
Introduction
Governments currently show great interest in sport mega–events investment since that they may
have the opportunity to stimulate economic development, create international image and prestige,
generate a 'feel–good' factor among citizens and inspire grassroots participation (Grix and
Carmichael, 2012). Moreover, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) states that their critical
mission is 'to promote a positive legacy from the Olympic Games to the host countries'
(International Olympic Committee, 2007, p.15), although legacy is hard to define or measure and
could be both positive and negative in practice (Agha, et al. 2012). In particular, emerging states like
China, South Africa and Brazil have managed to bid for the Olympics or the World Cup. The use of
hosting sport mega–events to enhance their soft power and achieve equal positions in global affairs
has been highlighted in recent years (Grix and Lee, 2013).
However, the effect of sport mega–events has been challenged, questioning whether to host these
events or not (Lauermann, 2015). As Chalip points out, host countries may fail to make preparations
for the staging of sport mega–events and encounter the risk of soft disempowerment. Meanwhile,
anti–Olympics social campaigns have arisen in many advanced capitalist countries. Consequently,
they have had a considerable influence on the bids for sport mega–events

Mega Event Essay
Evolution of the Modern Sporting Mega Event
The modern sporting mega–event (Olympics, World Cup, Commonwealth Games etc.) was
motivated by a commitment to educational reform, especially physical education, by the European
capitalist and aristocratic elites in order to establish domestic equilibrium among the social classes,
and to be prepared physically for future wars. The International Olympic Committee and the
Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) were formed in 1894 and 1904
respectively with these similar ideals. The promotion of national pride through international
competition was at the forefront of both of these organizations and were a direct cause of creating
the first modern Olympic Games in 1896 and the first World Cup in 1930. As sporting mega–events
have evolved over the course of the 20th and 21st centuries, it is clear that these ideals have shifted.
Since the inception of the "mega–event" the tides of globalization and the allure of capitalist gains
have tainted the once pure concept of international competition and made the events into the corrupt,
profit–hounding spectacles they are today. In order to examine the landscape of the modern sporting
mega–event, it is first necessary to track the evolution of the governing bodies that control these
events (IOC and FIFA) and see how they went from their humble beginnings to their larger than life
status they hold today.
The largest event in the history in the world has been and will always be

The Ethics Of The Olympic Charter
The Olympic Charter reads: "Olympism is a philosophy of life, exalting and combining in a
balanced whole, the qualities of body, will and mind" ("Olympic movement medical," 2009). The
execution of this moral statement can be exalted through the provided medical services and
personnel that deliver such services during the Olympic Games. The Medical Commission, as an
ordinance from the International Olympic Committee (IOC), aims to provide legislature to protect
the health and well–being of each Olympic athlete ("The Medical Commission", 2014). Its mission
began in 1967, and since its inception, the intentions of the medical commission were to protect the
health of all athletes ("The Medical Commission", 2014). 47 years later, the medical ... Show more
Purpose of Medical Services
There are numerous things that go into preparing for and executing a mega–event, as grand as the
Olympic Games. Every individual who helps orchestrate the events prior to, during and before the
Olympic Games, has an important role. Upon the release of the call for approximately 5,000 medical
volunteers for the upcoming Olympic Games in Rio de Jainero, great emphasis was placed on the
demand for health care personnel ("Calling all doctors!," 2014). They made the following remark
that stated: "without the athletes, the Games cannot happen, but without the [medical] volunteers, it
is the same ("Calling all doctors!," 2014)." The medical personnel have a significant contribution,
for they have task of taking care of athletes, spectators and staff during the Rio 2016 Olympic
Games. Medical staffing has always been a priority, as seen, most recently, in the London 2012
Games.
The London Games demonstrate the work the medical personnel commit to performing, and its
importance to the continuation of the Games. They worked constantly from the start of the Games to
its end (Collier, 2012). Consider these statistics from the London Olympic Games: there were
10,568 athletes present on behalf of 204 competing nations (Collier, 2012). Preliminary estimations
from the medical director for the Canadian Olympic Committee,

The Munich Massacre : A Survivor 's Story
International sporting events continually face political terrorism, bringing fear to those who gathered
for entertainment. According to articles published in the Guardian, Time Magazine, and CNN, the
most detrimental disruption by politics in the Olympics occurred at the 1972 Germany Summer
Games. On 5 September 1972, the Palestinian group Black September broke into the Israeli athletes'
quarters armed with guns. The 21 hour standoff, more famously known as the Munich massacre,
resulted in 17 deaths. The Games were suspended for the first time in modern Olympic history, but
the Olympic Committee decided to continue days after. The Olympic Committee 's decision was met
with harsh criticism from the public (Burnton; Cosgrove; "The Munich Massacre: A Survivor 's
Story"). During the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia attracted terrorists who caused more
social devastation. With the intention of inflicting fear and damaging Russia's image, jihadists
frequently issued terrorist threats before and during the Games. CNN presented a statement that two
Al Qaeda linked suicide bombers made in an online video, "We 've prepared a present for you and
all tourists who 'll come over; if you will hold the Olympics, you 'll get a present from us for the
Muslim blood that 's been spilled" (Shoichet). The video foreshadowed a suicide bombing 400 miles
away from Sochi that targeted a train station and a trolley bus, which killed more than 30 people
(Smith–Spark). Similar to Russia, China

Sustainable Tourism And Its Practices Within A Hallmark Event
TOURISM PAPER
LONDON OLYMPICS, 2012
MOHIT PARTAP SINGH
CONTENT
Summary
Overview
Introduction
Social impact
Economic impact
Environmental impact
Opinion
Conclusion
Summary:
This paper discuses about the sustainable tourism and its practices within a hallmark event.
Sustainable tourism is very important because tourism is one of the world's fastest growing industry
and is major source of income of some countries. Tourism industry provide many jobs that help
local economy. Olympic movement has been concerned with sustainable tourism practices to
promote sustainability. This research will touch the impacts of London Olympics, 2012 had on
economic side as well as social and how it helped local community in sustainable development?
Overview:
The London 2012 bid was based on the promise to utilize the Olympic Games to advance sports
cooperation for all the events over the UK. This was the most ambitious project in the history of all
the Olympics games ever happened in terms of its degree and level of progress, as, in the way to be
implemented successfully. This event has also accomplished people's behaviour as well as social
structures and relations. The Olympic movement has been worried about advancing the educational
mission of sport, globalisation, personal excellence and international understanding for about one
hundred years from when it all started.
The London Olympics set an ambitious, yet admirable goal of implementing sustainable social
development. It

Principles Of The International Olympic Committee
Within every business or organization, there must be a set of values and goals that are established to
prove consistency throughout their existence. These values and principles are there for them to
follow and to lay groundwork as to how they should handle everything that encompasses their
organization. In the same way, the International Olympic Committee was set to provide a charter to
highlight their mission and their principles. While it has become clear that Olympism aims to
promote a "joy of effort, the educational value of good example, social responsibility and respect for
universal fundamental ethical principles" (IOC, 2015, p.13), it has also become evident that they
must partner with sponsors to avoid debt like in the example of ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This in return turns out to be misleading to the investors, but since General Electric is also
sponsoring the Olympics this could cause one to question the true stance on their sponsorship. By
General Electric deviating from SEC rules, it's as if the International Olympic Committee were not
to follow the charter and to be going against their values of following good governance within their
organization.
Considering the above contradiction, a solution would be to get more involved in the governance of
General Electrics. A way to do this would be to have the International Olympic Committees
financial auditors evaluate and monitor General Electric's financial auditors and double check their
work. This would ensure that any wrong–doing on General Electric's behalf be taken care of
immediately and with advice from the International Olympic Committee on making the right
decision that will go along with their values. Through this solution, the Olympics don't risk losing a
highly–ranked company as a sponsor, but can also aid in reducing irrevocable mistakes.
Furthermore, two other sponsors, Samsung and Panasonic have undergone scandals that contradict
the Olympics' values. In November of 2016, Samsung and Panasonic were under investigation for
abusing labor rights. In their supply chains in Malaysia, workers seemed to be deceived regarding
pay and worked long hours with an inadequate amount of rest (Pattison, 2016). As sponsors of the

The Role Ben Johnson Played In The Investigation Into...

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

More from Tracy Huang

More from Tracy Huang (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

The Role Ben Johnson Played In The Investigation Into...