This document summarizes several pathogens and toxins including H1N1 virus, botulism, E. coli, and nicotine. It describes what each is, how it causes disease, common symptoms, negative effects, and ways to prevent infection or harm. H1N1 is a flu virus spread through coughing or sneezing that can cause respiratory issues. Botulism is a paralytic illness from spoiled food that affects the nervous system and muscles. E. coli is a food-borne bacteria that can cause diarrhea and other gastrointestinal symptoms. Nicotine is a toxic chemical found in cigarettes that is highly addictive and linked to various cancers and decreased health over time.

1. Pathogens and Toxins (Booklet) By Tom Hwang

11. The End Science project .