Running head: ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 1 ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 3 Annotated Bibliography Student’s Name Institution Date Campbell, W., Twenge, J., & Carter, N. (2017). Support for marijuana (cannabis) legalization: untangling age, period, and cohort effects. Collabra: Psychology, 3(1). The article has focused on the parties that have been advocating for the legalization of marijuana. However, it highlights some of the factors that must be considered when people start debating the legalization of marijuana. The article will be of great help to the research because it has supported the research topic by concentrating on two different arguments that will be presented. The article takes the argument for and bipartisan positions. It is therefore evident that the use of the article will have value to the research. Hall, W., & Weier, M. (2017). Has marijuana legalization increased marijuana use among US youth? JAMA Pediatrics, 171(2), 116-118. Hall and Weier have focused on the effects that come as a result of legalizing marijuana. The article has touched on the two essential sides of the legalization of marijuana. The first argument is about the legalization, and this is where the legalization has already taken place. The second argument is about the effects of the legalization of marijuana on the youths in the country. The information that has been presented by the two authors is of great help to the research because it has touched on the topic of research. McGinty, E. E., Samples, H., Bandara, S. N., Saloner, B., Bachhuber, M. A., & Barry, C. L. (2016). The emerging public discourse on state legalization of marijuana for recreational use in the US: Analysis of news media coverage, 2010–2014. Preventive Medicine, 90, 114-120. The article has focused on the mood that has been created when it comes to the topic of legalizing marijuana. The authors have presented the different arguments that are evident and revolving around the topic of marijuana legalization. It is evident that the authors have tried to cover the argument that supports and the argument that opposes the legalization of marijuana. The presentation of information that touches on the topics and arguments that have been highlighted in the topic of research is proof that the article goes a long way in supporting the research topic. Monte, A. A., Zane, R. D., & Heard, K. J. (2015). The implications of marijuana legalization in Colorado. Jama, 313(3), 241-242. The article has focused on a state that has already legalized marijuana. In this case, it is evident that the argument that supports the legalization of marijuana has already won and this is because marijuana is already legalized. The article is very important to the research because after knowing the effects that have along with the legalization of marijuana in Colorado, it will be easier to know if the legalization of marijuana is a good idea or not. It is with no doubt that the article will be of great help to the research..

1. Running Head: ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 1
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 12
Annotated Bibliography
Liberty University
EDUC600 Human Development Across the Lifespan
Cassandra Howery
April 14, 2019
Annotated Bibliography
Camodeca, M., Caravita, S. C., & Coppola, G. (2015). Bullying
in preschool: The associations between participant roles, social
competence, and social preference. Aggressive behavior, 41(4),
310-321.
The source outlines and discusses different participant and their
role in bullying. Its focus is on preschool children. The
participant such as victims, bully, and defender of the victim
and follower roles are discussed in the article to identify their

2. association with social competence and development among
children. The source is in line with the subject matter as it also
explores whether the social status among children affects their
relationship with others and the connection between social
development and bullying.
The sources investigate bullying roles using the response of
around three hundred and twenty children aged between three to
six years. Other sources of information on bullying and social
development were peer reports based on observation in
classrooms and playground and teachers reports given on
bullying. The results showed clear differences among the roles
on the effect of bullying and social competence and
development. The source is recommended for the study of the
above subject matters as it clearly shows how different roles of
participants are affected by social interaction and relationship
with other children.
I give preference for this source since it involves the
investigation of different roles played by different participant
involved in bullying crimes. It help understands the different
effect expected on the social development of varying participant
in bullying. It gives varying results such as how the victim in
bullying will behave differently towards social development
compared to a defender of the victims. Another reason why give
preference to the source is that it assesses bullying linked at a
very young age of children with expectation further change of
roles as they grow up.
Garandeau, C. F., Vartio, A., Poskiparta, E., & Salmivalli, C.
(2016). School bullies’ intention to change behavior following
teacher interventions: Effects of empathy arousal, condemning
of bullying, and blaming of the perpetrator. Prevention science,
17(8), 1034-1043.
The sources examine the effect of bullying in school among
children and how participants involved can change their
behavior through teacher intervention. The articles also look at
the impact of teacher intervention in understanding arousal,
blaming and reproving of bullying affects social behavior and

3. change of the characteristic of children towards bullying. Their
intention and interest in teachers are to reduce bullying in the
school as he/ she changes the children behavior. These change
of behavior among children involved in bullying lead to the
social development of the young children in the community that
they would embrace as they grow up.
The source uses two approaches to implement the anti-bullying
program incited by the different school to study the effect of
bullying on social development in young children. The
discussion in school was aimed at coming up with a report on
how they feel the teachers arouse their empathy, who to blame
the victims and how they condemn their behavior. The teacher
used phase such as bullying will not be tolerated in school to
tries and change the behavior of the victims of a bully. These
show how the source is useful in understanding and using in the
study of bullying effect on the social development of young
children. The sources are recommended to use in the above
subject matter since the result show that the intention of making
the participants feel empathy of the behaviors and condemning
their acts towards each other has increased their plan to stop
their behavior. These show their need to change their social
behavior that in turn leads to feeling interaction and cooperation
in the society.
Healy, K. L., Sanders, M. R., & Iyer, A. (2015). Parenting
practices, children’s peer relationships and being bullied at
school. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 24(1), 127-140.
The article focus on the parent effort and relationship in up
bring his/ her children both socially and emotional in
developing social skills to his children’s. It also emphasizes on
the parent offering support toward children developing the
relationship with other children as well as children’s peer
relationship in school and bullying in school. The source shows
that parent has an excellent role to play towards the social
development of their children when exposed to bullying. It also
shows that school only intervenes in reducing bullying in
school; thus, the role of social development left to parenting.

4. The article indicates that school bullying has a severe mental
impact on the life of children. The article uses children age of
five and twelve involving their parents to conduct their survey
about social development and bullying among young children.
The sources are useful in the study of the above subject matter
since it shows the impact of parenting towards the social
development of children in creating friendship, interaction, and
emotional control in society. The above facts of parenting are
known to determine children risk to bullying. According to the
source, parents have a complete measure of their children social
behavior and pear creation. The article implies that children
who are mostly bullied in school are as a result of poor expose
in peer relationship than non-bullied children. The source also
show-parenting discrimination among his/ her children
contributes to bullying in school. These sources the best when
referring to bullying and social development of children since it
discusses the role-play by the teacher, parent, and the child
toward bullying in school and social life.
Jenkins, L. N., Demaray, M. K., & Tennant, J. (2017). Social,
emotional, and cognitive factors associated with bullying.
School psychology review, 46(1), 42-64.
Jenkins, Tennant, and Demaray ray their focus on the
characteristic of the peer who engages in bullying roles,
measurement of bullying role, understanding of children
behavior that limited interaction with others as well as the role
of peer and adult in reducing or preventing bullying. The source
also focuses on social support and wellbeing of a victim of
bullying in school. Their interest involves emotional and
cognitive factors of children involved in bullying and others
misfortune thus making it a relevant source to provide
information on the subject matter.
The main article purpose is to understand the significant
relationship between bullying experiences such as victims and
emotional, social and cognitive factors that affect the
development of children. It pays attention to the social skills of
children such as interaction, cooperation, and taking

5. responsibility. The emotional difficulties experience by bullying
victims includes having school problems, challenges in
internalizing problem and personal change. In cognitive factors,
they concentrated in an executive functioning skill such as
victim’s flexibility and emotional regulation as well as
inhibitory factors.
The source shows that both boys and girls at school experience
social and emotional difficulties when associated or become
victims of bullying. Bullying role affects cognitive factors
leading t change of behaviors of children as they grow. The
article emphasizes the importance of determining social
development effect associated with bullying. Its focus on
consideration in providing social and emotional support to
children exposed to the risk of becoming victims of bullying.
These enhance their social development such as cooperation and
interaction although they expose to harassment.
Menesini, E., & Salmivalli, C. (2017). Bullying in schools: the
state of knowledge and effective interventions. Psychology,
health & medicine, 22(sup1), 240-253.
According to Menesini and Salmiyalli bullying is an expression
of violence among children. They emphasize that bullying is an
act aggressiveness carried out by individuals or a group toward
victims who cannot defend themselves. The article is useful in
understanding the behaviors associated with children involved
in bullying activities in school. The authors analyze different
characteristics that stipulate bullying such as intentionality,
repetition of specific actions and imbalance of power.
The sources also focus on the different level of bullying
experience among children and how it affects their social
interaction and relationship with others over time. It also
distinguishes bullying based on gender differences to give a
clear view of how boys and girls are affected in term of social
grow, interaction, and relationship within the community. These
make it the best site to understand how different gender copes
with bullying and which gender is more involved in bullying
under what circumstances.

6. I recommend these sources since it indicates a well different
type of bullying involved with children and how each affects
their social interaction in society. The articles also show how
long each kind of bullying last thus showing its implication on
one social life and development. These show the effect of
behavior change expected to the involved participants and how
long it might last before they improve their social interaction.
The sources conducted its surveys on young children in school
in western countries and lower and middle incomes countries.
These ensured it had a wide coverage of the information on
bullying and social development among children.
Mishna, F., Khoury-Kassabri, M., Schwan, K., Wiener, J.,
Craig, W., Beran, T., ... & Daciuk, J. (2016). The contribution
of social support to children and adolescents' self-perception:
The mediating role of bullying victimization. Children and
Youth Services Review, 63, 120-127.
The source focuses on children perception towards themselves
as victims of bullying and social support perception. It
emphasis how bullying participants think about their self-
perception as well as social perception. It shows how the social
support and own perception contribute toward social
development. The source is preferred since it concentrates on
children at a young age and youths who are more victims of
bullying.
The source is recommended for the subject matter above as it
discusses how self-perception with social support from society
helps improve the social development of the victimization. The
articles help understands how victimization about social support
contributes to social development and well-being of children. It
employs a multidimensional model of self-esteem to link up
bullying and social support as well as global perception.
The article shows that social support perception of a victim of
bullying is associated with three perceptive that include his
physical appearance in the society, his global self-worth, and
social acceptance. The article study also finds out that social
support is highly linked with self-perception and any previous

7. victimization of the participants. These indicate that a child
subject to bullying, his reaction towards social development in
the community is affected by his/ her perception toward social
support. The study also emphasizes the importance of
developing program and invention strategies to prevent bullying
to young children. The source also recommends the
establishment of a strong relationship at the early age of
children to improve social interaction and cooperation as they
grow up. These make the best source to use when referring to
bullying and social development of young children.
Parcel, T. L., & Bixby, M. S. (2016). The ties that bind: Social
capital, families, and children's well‐being. Child Development
Perspectives, 10(2), 87-92.
The article concentrates on building a social bond between
children and parents to promote the social development of their
children as well as prevent children bullying. Its emphasis on
the importance of social capital in enhancing children
adjustment to social life and his development of cognitive
factors. It explains how a strong social bond helps the transfer
of social value and norms from parent to children depending on
the social class of their parents. The source indicates that
family social life has a significant impact on the social
development of their children. It encourages the parent to pay
attention to their children changes in behavior to enhance child
development. The source examines parenting working condition
and home environment relationship towards child social
development, making it one of the best site to study.
The source is useful in understanding how different form of
capital such as human, culture, and financially contribute to
children social behavior that in turn promote youth bullying
each other. The way a child is to rise taking into consideration
the surrounding environment affects their social interaction and
cooperation in the society. According to the source, their social
capital, as well as their parenting social bond, cultivates
bullying among children during child development. The study
shows that the role-play by their fathers towards their social

8. capital contribution in the families affects their children social
life. This is because most of the children are seen to copy or
inherit their parent's character and behavior. These promote
bullying among children if their parents are also bully and
eventually affect their social development. It makes it a better
source in understanding social development among children.
Wolke, D., & Lereya, S. T. (2015). Long-term effects of
bullying. Archives of disease in childhood, 100(9), 879-885.
According to Wolke and Lereya bullying is terms as an abuse of
power and is an aggressive behavior carried out by most of the
peer repeatedly. They suggest that bullying is used as a rite of
passage that promotes certain social development behaviors and
characteristic to the involved victims. The article focus on the
importance of bullying on the social development of children as
it outlines the risk involved both physical and mental to the
victims.
The source is useful as it examines both the positive and
negative effect of bullying towards the social development of
children. According to the source bullying on the positive side
helps in the social development of children by forming strong
social relationship group in the community. It is also useful in
integrating children of different diversity towards social
interaction and cooperation in society. These help children
towards social cohesion within the nation as well as boost their
interaction behavior in the community.
The source also criticizes how society ignores the risk
associated with bullying. The articles analyze how the health
professional ignore the threat of bullying and lack to address
the danger it may cause on the social development of young
children. The negative side of bullying is that it make because
the mental problem on children exposed to bullying. According
to their study, young age children who are casualties of
harassment fear interaction and cooperation with others in the
society due to the thinking that other children will also bully
him/her thus limiting social development. I recommend this
source since it discusses both the positive and negative side of

9. bullying towards social development.
References
Camodeca, M., Caravita, S. C., & Coppola, G. (2015). Bullying
in preschool: The associations between participant roles, social
competence, and social preference. Aggressive behavior, 41(4),
310-321.
Garandeau, C. F., Vartio, A., Poskiparta, E., & Salmivalli, C.
(2016). School bullies’ intention to change behavior following
teacher interventions: Effects of empathy arousal, condemning
of bullying, and blaming of the perpetrator. Prevention science,
17(8), 1034-1043.
Healy, K. L., Sanders, M. R., & Iyer, A. (2015). Parenting
practices, children’s peer relationships and being bullied at
school. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 24(1), 127-140.
Healy, K. L., Sanders, M. R., & Iyer, A. (2015). Parenting
practices, children’s peer relationships and being bullied at
school. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 24(1), 127-140.
Jenkins, L. N., Demaray, M. K., & Tennant, J. (2017). Social,
emotional, and cognitive factors associated with bullying.
School psychology review, 46(1), 42-64.
Menesini, E., & Salmivalli, C. (2017). Bullying in schools: the
state of knowledge and effective interventions. Psychology,
health & medicine, 22(sup1), 240-253.
Mishna, F., Khoury-Kassabri, M., Schwan, K., Wiener, J.,
Craig, W., Beran, T., ... & Daciuk, J. (2016). The contribution
of social support to children and adolescents' self-perception:
The mediating role of bullying victimization. Children and

10. Youth Services Review, 63, 120-127.
Parcel, T. L., & Bixby, M. S. (2016). The ties that bind: Social
capital, families, and children's well‐being. Child Development
Perspectives, 10(2), 87-92.
Wolke, D., & Lereya, S. T. (2015). Long-term effects of
bullying. Archives of disease in childhood, 100(9), 879-885.
Running Head: ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
1
Annotated Bibliography
Liberty University
EDUC600
Human Develop
ment Across the Lifespan

11. Cassandra Howery
April 14, 20
19
Running Head: ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 1
Annotated Bibliography
Liberty University
EDUC600 Human Development Across the Lifespan
Cassandra Howery
April 14, 2019