Lecture at NAPHN17 conference in Oakland, CA. Tim Eian uses the opportunity to stress the potential to significantly reduce carbon in buildings with the help of the Passive House building energy standard.

1. The American Dream Renewed:
Passive House Plus for Everyone
Tim Delhey Eian
TE Studio & Intep
Passive House Minnesota

2. Affordable, efficient, comfortable and sustainable housing,
which is not a burden on resources and does not produce greenhouse gases.
American Dream in the 21st Century?

3. Why?

4. Climate Change

5. What is sustainable?

6. 1,500 Watts (renewable)/ Person
+ 500 Watts (non-renewable)/ Person
= 2,000 Watts/ Person and 1 ton CO2/ Person/ Year
One Target for Spaceship Earth
wattSOCIETY
One target. Our community. Stepping up now.

7. What is the status quo?

9. 10,750 Watts
1,250 Watts
Renewable
Non Renewable
12,000 Watts/ Person and 20 tons CO2/ Person/ Year

10. Well, how do we do that?

11. 500 Watts
11,500 Watts
Renewable
Non Renewable
8,000 Watts
500 Watts
1,500 Watts
Renewable
Non Renewable
Efficiency/ Sufficiency
Substitution, or Sufficiency + Efficiency?

12. Changes on a Macro Level

13. SPACE HEATING
DOMESTIC HOT WATER
VENTILATION
PLUG AND APPLIANCES, UNIT
LIGHTING, COMMON
LIGHTING, UNIT
EQUIPMENT AND AMENITY
ELEVATORS
TRANSPORTATION
Source Primary Energy Site Energy Useful Energy
Primary Energy Reduction Factors Efficiency Operation
Current Setup

14. SPACE HEATING
DOMESTIC HOT WATER
VENTILATION
PLUG AND APPLIANCES, UNIT
LIGHTING, COMMON
LIGHTING, UNIT
EQUIPMENT AND AMENITY
ELEVATORS
TRANSPORTATION
Source Primary Energy Site Energy Useful Energy
Primary Energy Reduction Factors Efficiency Operation
Tomorrow’s Setup

15. Changes on a Micro Level

16. Conventional Wisdom:
Full on-site offset

17. “Plus Energy” before there was Passive House Plus and Premium

20. 20%
16%
64%
Solar Heat Gains = 6,054 kWh/ a
Internal Heat Gains = 1,457 kWh/ a
Active Heating = 1,842 kWh/ a
Heating a
Passive House
© TE Studio, Ltd.

21. 0 kWh/ a
2,500 kWh/ a
5,000 kWh/ a
7,500 kWh/ a
10,000 kWh/ a
12,500 kWh/ a
15,000 kWh/ a
17,500 kWh/ a
20,000 kWh/ a
22,500 kWh/ a
25,000 kWh/ a
27,500 kWh/ a
30,000 kWh/ a
32,500 kWh/ a
PHPP Field PV Comp.
Heating
Appliances
Lighting
Plugloads
DHW
Ventilator/ Earthloop
Well pump & Filtration
Other aux.
PV
WI Home
© TE Studio, Ltd.
PHPP(House): 25 kWh/(m2 a)
Measured(Site): 39 kWh/(m2 a)
Outlook(Site): 30 kWh/(m2 a)
Production: 45 kWh/ (m2 a)
Average Wisconsin home (CERTS) 30,250 kWh/ a

22. Alternate Pathway:
Offsite offset

23. Nordeast Nest
Low Energy Home with
Passive House Components

24. “Nordeast Nest”
Project Team
Architecture
TE Studio
Interior Design
InUnison Design
Structural Engineering
Bunkers and Associates
General Contracting
RJ Stegora, Inc.

25. Exterior Walls
Below-grade exterior walls: U-value: 0,146 W/(m²K); R-39
- 5/8 "[16mm] drywall
- 11" [280mm] insulated concrete forms (ICF)
[2.5" EPS (035) - 6" concrete - 2.5" EPS (035)]
- 4" [102mm] EPS insulation (035)
- Sto Flexyl
Above-grade exterior walls: U-value: 0,111 W/(m²K); R-51
- 5/8 "[16mm] drywall
- 2X6 Studs [140mm] with mineral wool batt insulation (040)
- 3/4" OSB [19mm] structural sheathing, air barrier, vapor retarder
- 12" I-Joist [305mm] with dense-pack cellulose insulation (039)
- 1/2" [12mm] wood fiberboard sheathing (068)
- Ventilated wood composite siding
Slab
Insulated concrete slab (and footings): U-Value = 0.219 W/(m²K); R-26
- 4” [102 mm] concrete slab
- 6" [152 mm] EPS insulation (035)
Roof
Cold roof, insulated second floor ceiling: U-Value = 0.081 W/(m²K); R-70
- 5/8 "[16mm] drywall
- 2X6 [140mm] framing; service cavity (086)
- 3/4 "[19 mm] OSB air barrier, vapor retarder
- 20 "[508] loose-fill cellulose (042)
- Vented attic
“Nordeast Nest”
Building Envelope Specifications

26. Window Frames
Optiwin, Alu2Wood
Timber window frame with insulation and exterior aluminum cladding
Uw-Value = 0.84 W/(m2K) [UIP = 0.148 Btu/(h ft² F)]
Glazing
Glas Trösch
SILVERSTAR glaCE
EUROFLOAT
4:/18/4/18/:4
Argon filled
Ug-Value = 0.54 W/(m2K) [UIP = 0.095 Btu/(h ft² F)]
g-Value (SHGC) = 53 %
Entry Doors
Doors of Distinction
Custom made entry door. Wood frame, wood finish, polyisocyanurate foam insulation core
Ud-Value = 0.79 W/(m2K) [UIP = 0.139 Btu/(h ft² F)]
“Nordeast Nest”
Building Envelope Specifications

27. Annual Heating Demand
32 kWh /(m2a ) [10 kBTU/(sf yr)]
Heat Load
18 W/m2 [5.7 Btu/h/ft²]
Design Heat Load
4 KW [13.8 kBTU/h]
Site Energy Demand
44 kWh /(m2a ) [14 kBTU/(sf yr)] = 9,700 kWh/ a
Source Energy Demand
101 kWh /(m2a ) [32 kBTU/ (sf yr)] for Heating, Domestic Hot Water, Auxiliary- and Plug Loads
Will be much less in reality as electricity is sourced from wind power.
Calculated with the PHPP
“Nordeast Nest”
Modeled Performance

28. The Project

29. Design Concept

30. Built Project

31. Construction Process from
Demolition to Completion

32. Before

43. Airtightness 0.36 ACH50

51. HVAC Systems

52. Ventilation
Zehnder, ComfoAir 350 (84% efficiency)
Zehnder distribution system
Effective heat recovery efficiency = 76%
Heating, Cooling, Dehumidification
2 recirculating Fujitsu split air-to-air heat pump systems (first floor and second floor) with electric resistance
backup post heater; system also provides cooling and dehumidification; sheet metal ductwork
Mantis gas fireplace; direct vent; modulating: can augment heating on coldest days of the year; will be used
throughout the winter for enjoyment.
Electric resistance panel heaters (basement)
Domestic Hot Water
Boiler, IntelliHot i-200P tankless on-demand gas hot water heater with continuously insulated PEX tube
distribution
“Nordeast Nest”
HVAC Systems

59. Nordeast Nest
Electricity (Wind)
8,701kWh
Gas
5,479kWh
Average MN Home
Electricity (Grid Mix)
9,600kWh
Gas
25,600kWh
60% less energy
Energy Footprint (Nordeast Nest)

60. Offset

62. Carbon Footprint MN 55418
#1 is Housing: Approx. 17 tons

63. 0
4.5
9
13.5
18
Average MN Home Nordeast Nest
0.6
17
Carbon Footprint in metric tonnes
96.5% less Carbon
Carbon Footprint

78. Common Denominators:
Sufficiency, Efficiency & Offset

79. Sufficiency and Efficiency

80. Passive House is the cornerstone of a sustainable
building future. Plus and Premium are important, but
we need to look at solutions in all arenas of energy to
define the most suitable, feasible and effective way to
create a low carbon built environment, and the right
solution does not always happen on the roof above.
Offset

81. Thank You!
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