This document summarizes key information about rock textures, weathering processes, erosion and sediment transport, and the formation of sedimentary rocks. It describes how sandstone has rounded grains making it permeable, while granite has interlocking crystals making it impermeable. It explains different types of weathering including chemical, physical from temperature changes and freezing, and biological from plants and animals. Weathered rock pieces are eroded and transported by water, wind or ice, undergoing abrasion, and deposited in layers as sedimentary rocks. Fossils can form and evidence in the rocks like grain size and rounding shows the deposition environment.