Green chemistry is the utilisation of a set of principles that reduces or eliminates the use or generation of hazardous substances in the design, manufacture and application of chemical products.

1. GREEN
NANO TECHNOLOGY
Dr. Tanuja Nautiyal
Associate Professor
Department of Chemistry

2. INTRODUCTION
What is Green Nanotechnology?
Whenever the term “Green” is
used, it refers to the environment
friendly objects and
“Technology” means the
application of knowledge for
practical purposes.
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3. INTRODUCTION
• Green nanotechnology is the study of
how nanotechnology can benefit the
environment, such as by using less
energy during the manufacturing
process, the ability to recycle products
after use, and using eco-friendly
materials.
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4. PURPOSE
• Nanotechnology, or tiny tech, uses
science and engineering to manipulate
and create materials out of atoms and
molecules at the ultra-small scale of less
than 100 nanometers. It is one hundred-
thousandth the width of a human hair.
• At the nanoscale level, conventional
materials have unconventional and
unexpected properties.
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5. PURPOSE
• Nanoparticles could also be used to
remove industrial pollutants in
contaminated air, soil, and groundwater,
and nanofilters might be used to purify
water and to desalinate water at an
affordable cost.
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6. PURPOSE
• The technology could also be used to turn
garbage into breakfast by mimicking how
nature turns wastes into plant nutrients,
thus following the nutrient cycling
principle of sustainability.
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7. Principles of Green Chemistry
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• Prevention. Preventing waste is better
than treating or cleaning up waste after
it is created.
• Atom economy. Synthetic methods
should try to maximize the incorporation
of all materials used in the process into
the final product.

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• Less hazardous chemical syntheses.
Synthetic methods should avoid using or
generating substances toxic to humans
and/or the environment.
• Designing safer chemicals. Chemical
products should be designed to achieve
their desired function while being as
non-toxic as possible.
Principles of Green Chemistry

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• Safer solvents and auxiliaries. Auxiliary
substances should be avoided wherever
possible.
• Design for energy efficiency. Energy
requirements should be minimized.
Principles of Green Chemistry

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Principles of Green Chemistry
• Use of renewable feedstocks. Whenever
it is practical to do so, renewable
feedstocks or raw materials are
preferable to non-renewable ones.
• Reduce derivatives. Unnecessary
generation of derivatives—such as the
use of protecting groups—should be
minimized or avoided if possible.

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• Catalysis. Catalytic reagents that can be
used in small quantities to repeat a
reaction are superior to reagents (ones
that are consumed in a reaction).
• Design for degradation. Chemical
products should be designed so that
they do not pollute the environment.
Principles of Green Chemistry

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Principles of Green Chemistry
• Real-time analysis for pollution prevention.
Analytical methodologies need to be further
developed to permit real-time monitoring
and control before hazardous substances
form.
• Inherently safer chemistry for accident
prevention. Whenever possible, the
substances in a process, and the forms of
those substances, should be chosen to
minimize risks such as explosions and
accidental releases.

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• Atom economy is a way to measure
the atoms wasted when making a chemical.
The higher the atom economy, the 'greener'
the process.
• 100 per cent atom economy means that all
the atoms in the reactants have been
converted to the desired product.
ATOM ECONOMY

14. ATOM ECONOMY
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15. TOOLS OF GREEN TECHNOLOGY
• Green Starting Materials
• Green Reagents
• Green Reactions
• Green Chemical Products
• Green Methodologies
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16. Green Technology Achievements
 Development of new insecticides.
 New synthesis of Ibuprofen.
 Development of CO2 as a solvent for dry
cleaning.
 Barry Trost’s concept of Atom Economy for
expressing the efficiency of a reaction.
 Use of waste CO2 as a blowing agent instead
of CFC’s for foam polystyrene synthesis.
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17. Synthesis of Ibuprofen: A Green Reaction
Atom economy by this process is only 40.1%.
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18. GREEN SYNTHESIS OF IBUPROFEN
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Atom economy by
this process is
77.4%.

19. Zero Waste Technology
Zero Waste is a philosophy that encourages
the redesign of resource life cycles so that all
products are reused. The goal is for no trash
to be sent to landfills or incinerators. The
process recommended is one similar to the
way that resources are reused in nature. 19

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21. TIPS FOR SUSTAINANBLE LAB
• Run experiments on the micro scale to reduce
waste.
• Switch to green solvents: Use 2-methyl
tetrahydrofuran in place of methylene chloride,
and use cyclopentylmethyl ether in place of
tetrahydrofuran, 1, 4-dioxane and ether.
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22. TIPS FOR SUSTAINANBLE LAB
• Neutralize basic phosphate-buffered HPLC waste
or acidic HCl waste to pH 7 and pour down the
drain.
• Recycle electronics, ice packs, packaging
materials, toner cartridges, pipette tip boxes,
and water purification cartridges.
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23. BIBLIOGRAPHY
• G.T. Miller, Environmental Science, Thomas Learning,
2012
• Textbook of Environmental Studies, Dr. Sushmita
Mohapatra, 2016
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_nanotechnology
• https://www.nanowerk.com/nanotechnology-in-green-
industries.php
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_chemistry
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero_waste
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GO GREEN