2. Presented by
1.Payal Shukla-(Roll no-48)
2.Akshata Upadhaya-(Roll no-30)
3.Sharmilee Ghosh-(Roll no-38)
4.Subhashini thevar-(roll no -45)
5.Khushbu gautam-(Roll no-46)
6.Deepika sarad(Roll no-50)
7.Geeta anchan-(Roll no-32)
F.Y.J.C Science
JH PODDAR ENGLISH MEDIUM HIGH SCHOOL
& JUNIOR COLLEGE
3. GREEN CHEMISTRY
What is green chemistry?
Green Chemistry is the utilisation of a set of principles that reduces or eliminates
the use or generation of hazardous substances in the design, manufacture and
application of chemical products .
GREEN CHEMISTRY IS ABOUT
• Waste Minimisation at Source
• Use of Catalysts in place of Reagents
• Using Non-Toxic Reagents
• Use of Renewable Resources
• Improved Atom Efficiency
• Use of Solvent Free or Recyclable Environmentally Benign Solvent systems
4. Why do we need Green Chemistry ?
• Chemistry is undeniably a very prominent part of our
daily lives.
• Chemical developments also bring new environmental
problems and harmful unexpected side effects, which
result in the need for ‘greener’ chemical products.
• A famous example is the pesticide DDT.
5. What it looks for…
• Green chemistry looks at pollution prevention on the
molecular scale and is an extremely important area of
Chemistry due to the importance of Chemistry in our world
today and the implications it can show on our environment.
• The Green Chemistry program supports the invention of more
environmentally friendly chemical processes which reduce or
even eliminate the generation of hazardous substances.
• This program works very closely with the twelve principles of
Green Chemistry.
6. Green Chemistry is about
Reducing
Waste
Materials
Hazards
Risks
Energy
Cost
7. The Principles of Green Chemistry(1-6)
1. It is better to prevent waste than to treat or clean up waste after it is formed.
2. Synthetic methods should be designed to maximize the incorporation of all materials
used in the process in the final product.
3. Wherever practical, synthetic methodologies should be designed to use and generate
substances that possess little or no toxicity to human health and the environment.
4. Chemical products should be designed to preserve efficacy of function while reducing
toxicity.
5. The use of auxiliary substances (e.g., solvents, separation agents, etc.) should be
made unnecessary whenever possible and innocuous when used.
6. Energy requirements should be recognized for their environmental and economic
impacts and should be minimized. Synthetic methods should be conducted at ambient
temperature and pressure.
8. The Principles of Green Chemistry(7-12)
7. A raw material feedstock should be renewable rather than depleting whenever
technically and ecomonically practical.
8. Unnecessary derivatiation (blocking group, protection/de protection, temporary
modification of physical/chemical processes) should be avoided whenever possible.
9. Catalytic reagents (as selective as possible) are superior to stoichiometric reagents.
10. Chemical products should be designed so that at the end of their function they do
not persist in the environment and break down into innocuous degradation products.
11. Analytical methodologies need to be further developed to allow for real-time in-
process monitoring and control prior to the formation of hazardous substances.
12. Substances and the form of a substance used in a chemical process should be chosen
so as to minimize the potential for chemical accidents, including releases, explosions,
and fires.
9. The uses of auxiliary substances
Separation agents:-
1:-Tartaric acid
2.Mandelic acid
3.Camphor sulphonic acid
Mandelic acid
Camphor sulphonic acid
EG:-solvents , separation agents, etc. should be made
unnecessary wherever possible, and innocuous when used”
11. SUGGESTIONS OFFERED BY GREEN
CHEMISTRY :
• It is better to prevent waste than to treat it
• Reduce over consumption of energy
• Reduce waste
• Avoid exploitation of resources
• Reduce the use of auxiliary substances
• Energy required must be recognized for their impact and
reduced
• A raw material of feed stock should be renewable rather
than depleting where ever technically possible.
12. EXAMPLES OF
GREEN CHEMISTRY
• Safer dry cleaning
• Initially gasoline and kerosene were used
• Supercritical/liquid carbon dioxide (CO2)
• Biodiesel production are use
• Biological conversion of raw material to a product
• Solar energy which is used in space ship , try to apply this energy
also in irrigation and also in street light
• Use organic manure/fertilizer instead of inorganic
manure/fertilizer by making a peat
13. 13
Green Chemistry In
Chemical Manufacturing
• Create new ways to make desired
materials different
feedstock, different pathways
• Identify desired performance
characteristics
and create new materials
14. Green Chemistry In
Non-Chemical Manufacturing
• Identify materials that are unsustainable and
phase them out
• Identify benign materials that already exist
and select them
• Work with vendors and manufacturers to
develop new benign and environmentally
appropriate materials. Competitive edge!
15. GREEN CHEMISTRY SUPPORTS
SUSTAINABILITY BY:
• Making chemicals safe for our health &
environment,
• Using industrial processes that reduce or
eliminate hazardous chemicals, &
• Designing more efficient processes that
minimize waste
16. “Energy requirements should be recognized
for their environmental impacts and should
be minimized.
Synthetic methods should be conducted at
ambient
pressure and temperature”
17. “Although the positive contributions of
chemistry and the chemical
industry are many, some pollution
problems have also resulted.
Many of these problems can now be solved”.
17
18. The major uses of GREEN CHEMISTRY
Energy
Resource Depletion
Food Supply
19. Energy
Green Chemistry will be essential in
Developing the alternatives for energy
generation (photovoltaics, hydrogen,
fuel cells, biobased fuels, etc.) as well as
Continue the path toward energy
efficiency with catalysis and product
design at the forefront.
20. Resource Depletion
Renewable resources can be made increasingly viable
technologically and economically through green
chemistry.
Fossil fuels are a central issue
21. Food Supply
Green chemistry is developing:
Pesticides which only affect target
organisms and degrade to innocuous
by-products.
Fertilizers and fertilizer adjuvants that
are designed to minimize usage while
maximizing effectiveness.
Methods of using agricultural wastes
for beneficial and profitable uses.
22. 1. To reduce adverse environmental impact, try appropriate and
innovative choice of material & their chemical transformation.
2. To develop processes based on renewable rather than non-renewable
raw materials.
3. To develop processes that are less prone to obnoxious chemical
release, fires & explosion.
4. To minimize by-products in chemical transformation by redesign
of reactions & reaction sequences . In other words ” Atom economy “
𝐀𝐭𝐨𝐦 𝐄𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐨𝐦𝐲 =
𝐌𝐨𝐥. 𝐰𝐞𝐢𝐠𝐡𝐭 𝐨𝐟 𝐃𝐞𝐬𝐢𝐫𝐞𝐝 𝒑𝒓𝒐𝒅𝒖𝒄𝒕
𝐌𝐨𝐥. 𝐰𝐞𝐢𝐠𝐡𝐭 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐥𝐥 𝒓𝒆𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒕𝒔
× 𝟏𝟎𝟎
5.To develop products that are less toxic.
6. To develop products that degrade more rapidly in the environment
than the current products.
7. To reduce the requirements for hazardous persistent solvents &
extractants in chemical processes.
Goals of Green Chemistry
23. Significance of green chemistry
The chemical industry releases about 5 billion tons of chemical
wastes annually to the environment.it also spends over 300
billion dollars annually for treatment, control and disposal of
these chemical wastes . This process formidable challenge for
chemists and chemical engineers to review the design ,
manufacture and use and then to further accomplish and
improvement of changes in the design of new products and
process
24. Conclusion
Green chemistry Not a solution to all
environmental problems But the most
fundamental approach to preventing
pollution.
25. Reference:-
1.Jump up^ "Green & Sustainable Chemistry Network,
Japan". Green & Sustainable Chemistry Network.
Retrieved 2006-08-04
2."Chemistry for the Environment". Interuniversity
Consortium. Retrieved2007-02-15.
3. http://www.rsc.org/suppdata/gc/c0/c0gc00918k/c0
gc00918k.pdf
