PELVIS(ANATOMY-1ST YEAR MBBS)

1. Pelvic diaphragm

2. • AN 48.1) DESCRIBE MUSCLES OF PELVIC
DIAPHRAGM

5. WHITE LINE OF OBTURATOR FASCIA

6. ANOCOCCYGEAL LIGAMENT

9. Pelvic muscles

11. Pelvic diaphragm
• Gutter shaped
muscular
partition
separates pelvic
cavity from
perineum

14. Component parts
• Two muscles on each
side—
1) Levator ani
2) Coccygeus
• Two fascia – sup. &
Inf. Fascia of pelvic
diaphragm

15. Levator ani
• Consists of
Pubo- coccygeus
& Iliococcygeus
often separated
by gap

16. Origin of levator ani

17. PELVIC DIAPHRAGM
PUBOCOCCYGEUS
1)ANTERIOR FIBERS
2)MIDDLE FIBERS (puborectalis)
3)POSTERIOR FIBERS
ILIOCOCCYGEUS
COCCYGEUS
• ISCHICOCCYGEUS
LEVATOR ANI

20. Pubo-coccygeus
• Anterior fibres—arise from
pelvic surface of body of
pubis & inserted into
perineal body . ( males–
levator prostatae & in
females sphincter vaginae)

22. Pubo-coccygeus
• Middle fibres– arise from
lateral part of pelvic surface
of body of pubis
(puborectalis)
• Posterior fibres—arise from
ant. Half of white line on
obturator fascia & inserted
into anococcygeal lig. & tip of
coccyx (anorectal ring)

23. Ilio-coccygeus
• Origin- post. Half white
line on obturator fascia
& pelvic surface of
ischial spine
• Insertion- lower two
pieces of coccyx & ano-
coccygeal ligament

25. Coccygeus
• Also called ischio-
coccygeus, triangular
in shape
• Origin- pelvic surface
ischial spine & sacro-
spinous lig.
• Insertion- upper two
pieces coccyx &
sacrum

26. Nerve supply of levator ani
• Levator ani
supplied by 4th
sacral nerve &
inferior rectal n.
• Coccygeus
supplied by 4th &
5th sacral nerves

27. Functions of pelvic diaphragm
• Supports pelvic viscera
• In male elevate prostate
• In females prevents downward displacement of
uterus through vaginal canal
• Resist increased intra-abdominal pressure & help
maintain continence of bladder & rectum
• PUBOVAGINALIS: as vaginal sphincter

28. Relations of levator ani
• Superior or pelvic surface- covered with pelvic fascia, separate it
from bladder, prostate, rectum & peritoneum
• Inferior or perineal surface- covered with anal fascia & forms
medial boundary of ischioanal fascia
• Anterior border of two muscles separated by triangular gap for
passage of urethra & vagina
• Posterior border is free & lie against anterior margin of coccygeus

29. Applied anatomy
• Perineal body may
be torn in females
during parturition
resulting in
cystocoele or
prolapse of uterus