Realism med (1)

2.  Realism regards the world of physical reality
as the truely fundamental thing in experience.
 Realism quite conscious of stern facts and
realities of actual situation.
MEANING OF REALISM
 Etymologically realism means about a thing or
concerning some objects .
 Realism is firmly hold knowledge acquired
through sences only is true.

3. DEFINITION
 “Realism means a belief or theory which
looks upon world as it seems to us to be a
mere phenomenon”-Swami Ram Tirth
 “The doctrine of realism asserts that there is
a real world of thing behind and
corresponding to the objects of our
perception”-J.S.Ross
 “Realism is the reinforcement of our common
acceptance of this world as it appears to us”
-Butler

4. MAJOR EXPONENTS
1. Irasmus
2. Rebellias
3. Lord Montaigne
4. John Locke
5. Mulcaster
6. Bacon
7. Comenius
8. Ratke
9. Whitehead
10. Bertrad Russell

6. FORMS OF REALISM AND THEIR
IMPACT ON EDUCATION
1.Humanistic Realism
 It firmly believed that education should be
realistic.
 Such an education only can promote human
welfare and successs.

7. 2.Social Realism
 It aims to make human life happy and successful
by fulfilling the needs of society.
 They focused on the attainment of real knowledge.
 They opposed mere bookish and academic
knowledge
 According to Locke “the mind of a child is a clean
slate on which only experiences write.” .
 Some important Social-Realists are Lord
montaigne,John Locke.

8. 3.Sense Realism
 According to them knowledge orginates from the
external nature.
 Truths can only be gained by observation and
contacts between sense and external objects
 Mother –Tongue is the medium of instruction.
 It gave more importance to observation of nature
and study of scientific subjects in place of
languages,literature and humanities.
 Some important Sense-Realists are
Mulcaster,FancisBacon.

9. 4 Neo-realism
 It has more importance in the field of philosophy
and science than education.
 Neo –Realism believes that like other rules and
procedures, rules and procedures of science are
also changeable.
 They are valid only in certain conditions and
circumstances.
 Some important Neo-Realists are
Whitehead,Bertrand Russell,etc.

10. FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF
REALISM
1. Phenomenal World is True
2. Senses are the Doors of Knowledge
3. Theory of Organism
4. Opposition of Idealism
5. Man is a Part of Material World
6. Emphasis on Experiments
7. Importance of Present Applied Life

11. REALISM IN EDUCATION
 Related to actual realty of life.
 To give all those skills and knowledge to the
individual which are necessary for a happy
living in the society.

12. REALISM –AIM OF EDUCATION
 Preparing the child for a happy and successful life.
 Preparing the child for a real life.
 Developing the physical and mental powers of a
child.
 Developing and training of senses
 Acquainting the child with Nature and
Social environment Imparting Vocational
Education

13. CHARACTERISTICS OF REALISTIC
EDUCATION
 Based on science
 Emphasis on present life of child
 Emphasis on experimental and applied life
 Opposition of bookish knowledge
 Limited freedom of child
 Emphasis on training of senses
 Equal importance to Individuality and Sociability

14. REALISM AND CURRICULUM
 Very wide in nature.
 It include science ,modern language into the
curriculum.
 Art and literature not have prominent place in the
curriculum.
 They gave importance to the requisite skills and
knowledge for facing the actualities of self-
situations successfully.

15. REALISM ANDTEACHER
 The realist teacher is of a dual personality.
 He will regard knowledge as one and universal.
 He must be able to help his pupils discoveries.
 The realist teacher appears to be in paradoxical
position.
 Here teacher’s role is supreme.
 Keeping aside his own views the teacher imparts
scientific knowledge to the children in an easy and
effective way.

16. REALISM AND METHOD OF
TEACHING
 Abstract the personality of both teacher and the
pupils and allow the fact to speak for themselves.
 The method of teaching should be strictly
objective.
 Teacher should become a faithful translator.
 Through the teacher the facts themselves may
become real and impress themselves on the pupils.
 Here the teaching starts from the parts and
proceeds to the whole.
 The realistic teacher use synthetic method of
presentation.

17. REALISM INTEREST AND DISCIPLINE
 Realism regards ‘interest’ as ‘subjective’ and an
illustory state of excitement.
 Teacher tries to subdue the subjective side of the
pupils and want to expose them to the force of
environment around them.
 It eliminates the interest regarding to the subject.
 Students get limited level of freedom in realistic
class rooms.
 Teacher wants the students should concentrate
only in the ‘work’ or ‘duty’ they performed.
 Discipline the pupils objectively.
 Realism wants sterner virtues in the pupils because
they must able to face the realities of the world.

18. REALISM AND SCHOOL
 Realism have different views on school.
 Some do not feel any need of school instead they
prefer wide travelling,tour field trip ,etc. on the
contrary other one emphasis the need of school and
class room.
 They regarded school as a mirror of society
reflecting its true state of affairs.
 According to them school is an agency which
meets the needs of child and the demands of the
society as well.
 In the words of Comenius “Schools are the true
foregoing places of men”

19. MERITS OF REALISM
 Realism emphasis that education should be
practical and utilitarian.
 Realism prescribed realistic and useful aims of
education.
 It make revolutionary change in the method of
teaching,scientific subjects have found in an
important place in curriculum.
 In place of repressionistic discipline ,a synthetic
form of impressionistic and emancipator discipline
is being accepted.
 It emphasized objectivity
 It has changed and organizational patterns of
school.

20. DEMERITS OF REALISM
 It lays great stress on physical world
 It regards senses are the only gate way of
knowledge
 It emphasizes facts and realities of life not for
values and ideals
 It accepts real needs and real feelings only
 It emphasize scientific subjects to the neglect of art
and literature.
 It make imbalance in curriculum