Renewable energy resources for highway lighting

1. Renewable Distributed Generation for

2. Group
Member's
Information
NAME GENDER STATE CU ID
Ruchi
Gautam
Female Delhi 21MEL1002
Saurabh
Singh
Laledia
Male
Himachal
Pradesh
21MEL1007
Parminder
Singh
Male Delhi 21MEL1019

3. Objective
• To design a prototype of a highway which can
generate its own electricity.
• To transform a traditional highway into a smart
highway and to reduce its energy consumption.
This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY-SA.

4. Introduction
• The rate at which energy demand grown has not matched the rate at which we have
been able to renew our conventional energy sources. Several ominous predictions
have been made about a massive energy crisis that we will face soon..
• Space and cost are two of the biggest challenges with implementing sustainable
energy harvesting solutions, be it wind, solar, or any number of other emerging
technologies.
• Distributed generation/on-site generation (OSG), is
electrical generation and storage performed by a variety of small, grid-connected or
distribution system-connected devices referred to as distributed energy
resources (DER).

5. • In this project, we have used the three basic elements to the system - the power
source, the battery, and the power management circuit.
• This prototype is based on uses a technology which at any instant is fed by the
three different renewable energy resources- wind energy, solar energy and piezo-
electric energy.
• The proposed prototype uses the energy provided by the heat, light, wind and
mechanical movement. The energy generated by each of the pointed renewable
sources is combined and stored in a battery bank for further usage.
• The on-site generation of energy helps in reducing the cost of transmission and
completely eradicates the possibility of transmission failure.
• The independency of power generation makes it more reliable and
more efficient than the systems that are grid-tied.

6. Literature Survey
• This system we can implemented on highway dividers where due to the high speed motion of
vehicles tremendous amount of wind energy can be collected and at the same time the solar
energy from the sun will also be collected. Finally both energies will be collected
simultaneously for charging the batteries and is utilized for highway and domestic applications.
A HYBRID MODEL OF VERTICAL AXIS WIND TURBINE – SOLAR POWER GENERATION FOR HIGHWAY
AND DOMESTIC APPLICATION
• The main aim of this study is to generate clean energy from vibration and the pressure caused
by a vehicle car traveling on the highways. In this work, a piezoelectric energy harvesting system
is proposed. The system has been built up and implemented in Kuwait. According to the results,
although the harvested energy cannot be compared to the traditional ones, it might be used for
street lighting and for some emergency cases.
ENERGY HARVESTING FROM THE HIGHWAYS BASED ON PIEZOELECTRIC SENSORS

7. • This paper proposes the design of a standalone light emitting diode (LED) photovoltaic street light
system for a main road of Dubai, United Arab Emirates. The optimal design and sizing of different
components of the system has been presented for meeting the system specifications. The system
is sized in order to ensure continuous operation throughout the year with minimum outages.
AN OPTIMAL STAND-ALONE SOLAR STREETLIGHT SYSTEM DESIGN AND COST ESTIMATION.
• A new three-bladed helical VAWT is designed for lighting purposes from wind generated by
moving vehicles on highways. The wind speed measurements were conducted at three different
anemometer heights of 1m, 1.5 m, and 2m on King Fahad Bin Abdul Aziz highway in Kuwait. Wind
generated by cars was examined on both sides of the highway and the cup anemometer was used
at 10 different times. The results indicated that at the anemometer height of 1.5 m, the maximum
wind speed of 5 m/ s is achievable.
FEASIBILITY OF HIGHWAY ENERGY HARVESTING USING A VERTICAL AXIS WIND TURBINE
• Piezoelectric material are considered as alternative energy resource, the energy needs of a small
power system could be met with the use of these material. Another important study area is power
electronic circuit design for piezoelectric based energy harvester.
USAGE OF PIEZOELECTRIC MATERIAL AND GENERATING ELECTRICITY

8. • The availability of wind energy along the highway due to the traffic for energy harvesting is
studied in this paper. A method to estimate the induced wind profiles accurately for different
vehicle models considering two different scenarios using CFD analyses is presented. Energy
estimation is performed to find the amount of energy induced by different vehicles in a single
day which could be utilized for a battery-based LED lighting system.
ENERGY HARVESTING FROM MOVING VEHICLES ON HIGHWAYS
• From this literature survey, the methods each one has implemented and used is simple and
easy to understand. These papers and journals has given many ideas to further implement a
much efficient system and make things automated. In these research paper, these energy
harvesting technique is used individually or combining two of the energy. We are adding
three clean sources of energy which are free and readily available on the highway.

9. Wind
Energy
• Wind created
by passing
traffic
Solar
Energy
• Light from
sunlight
• Heat from
sunlight
Piezoelectric
Energy
• Pressure by
vehicles
Available
Renewable
Resources

10. Solar Energy
Generation
Wind Energy
Generation
Piezoelectric
Energy
Generation
Battery Streetlight

11. Block
Diagram

12. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

13. Components
used
• Arduino Nano
• Piezoelectric Generators
• 16x2 LCD Module
• Relay (5V)
• LDR

14. Arduino Nano • The Arduino Nano is a small, complete, and breadboard-friendly
board based on the ATmega328 (Arduino Nano 3.x). It has the
same functionality of the Arduino Duemilanove, but in a different
package. It lacks only a DC power jack and works with a Mini-B
USB cable instead of a standard one.
• The Arduino Nano is equipped with 30 male I/O headers, in
a DIP30-like configuration, which can be programmed using
the Arduino Software integrated development environment (IDE),
which is common to all Arduino boards and running both online
and offline. The board can be powered through a type-B mini-
USB cable or from a 9 V battery..

15. Piezoelectric
Generators • A piezoelectric generator is a power generation device that
works on the principle of piezoelectricity, and it holds the ability to
convert mechanical energy to electric energy.
• Piezoelectric ceramics when these materials are mechanically
stimulated with certain vibration or force, hold the ability to
generate electrical energy which is adequate to ignite across the
electrodes distance.

16. Relay (5V)
• Relays are most used switching device in electronics. There
are two basic parameters of a relay, one is the Trigger Voltage,
this is the voltage required to turn on the relay that is to change
the contact from Common->NC to Common->NO and the other
parameter is Load Voltage & Current, this is the amount of
voltage or current that the NC,NO or Common terminal of the
relay could withstand.
• Since the relay has 5V trigger voltage we have used a +5V DC
supply to one end of the coil and the other end to ground
through a switch. You can also notice a diode connected across
the coil of the relay; this diode is called the Fly back Diode. The
purpose of the diode is to protect the switch from high voltage
spike that can produced by the relay coil.

17. LDR
• The light dependent resistor (LDR) is designed with the
highest resistance semiconductor metal. If the light falls on the
device, then the photons produce the electron energy, and it
makes them bound into the conductive band. Hence it conducts
electricity. The LDR circuit is also known as photo resistors.
• The LDR’s are light dependent devices, and the resistance is
decreased when the light falls on the light dependent circuit. If
the LDR is in the dark room, its resistance is very high, and it is
called as a dark resistance. The light dependent resistance is
high as 1012 ohms and if the device is permitted to absorb light
its resistance will be decreased completely and if a constant
voltage is applied to it. The intensity of light is increased, the
current will increase.

18. 16x2 LCD
Module
• LCD modules are very commonly used in most embedded
projects, the reason being its cheap price, availability and
programmer friendly. The appearance and the pinouts have
already been visualized here As technical specification concern,
16×2 LCD is named so because it has 16 Columns and 2 Rows.
• There are a lot of combinations available like, 8×1, 8×2, 10×2,
16×1, etc. but the most used one is the 16×2 LCD. So, it will have
(16×2=32) 32 characters in total and each character will be
made of 5×8 Pixel Dots.
• Interface IC like HD44780is used, which is mounted on the
backside of the LCD Module itself. The function of this IC is to
get the Commands and Data from the MCU and process them to
display meaningful information onto our LCD Screen.

19. PROJECT IMAGE

22. Thank You