Pharmacy Practice for Final Year B.Pharmacy Sem-VII, As per PCI Syllabus Patient Counseling

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2. Providing medication
information orally or in written
form to the patients or their
representatives on directions of
use, advice on side effects,
precautions, storage, diet and life
style modifications.
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3. Patient should recognize the importance
of medication for his well being.
A working relationship and a foundation for
continuous interaction and consultation
should be established.
Patient's understanding of strategies to
deal with medication side effects and drug
interactions should be improved.
Should ensure better patient compliance.
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4. Patient becomes an informed, efficient and
active participant in disease treatment and
self care management.
The pharmacist should be perceived as a
professional who offers pharmaceutical
care.
Drug interactions and adverse drug
reactions should be prevented.
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5. Patient counseling consists of Three Stages :
① Introduction.
② Process Content and Issues
regarding manner.
③ Conclusion
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6. Review the patient's record,
Introduce your self
Explain purpose of counseling
Obtain drug related information such as
allergies, use of herbals etc.
Assess the patients understanding of the
reasons for therapy
Assess any actual and / or potential concerns
or problems of importance to the patient. 6

7. Use language that the patient understands.
Use appropriate counseling aids.
Present facts and concepts in simple words
and in logical order.
Use open ended questions.
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8. Verify the patient's understanding by
means of feedback.
Summarize by emphasizing key points.
Give an opportunity to the patient to put
forward any concerns.
Help the patient to plain follow-up.
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9. The amount and type of information
provided to the patient will vary basedon
the patient’s needs,and practice setting.
Ideally, the pharmacist counsels patients
on all new and refill prescriptions.
If the pharmacist cannot counsel to this
extent, it should be defined which patient
types, or which medications pharmacists
will routinely counsel patients.
This will vary depending on the pharmacy
clientele and may include.
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10. Patients receiving more than a specified number
of medications.
Patients known to have visual, hearing or
literacy problems
Paediatric patients.
Patients on anticoagulants.
Appendix B provides additional types andgroups
of patients to counsel.
Pharmacists should counsel on all new
prescriptions, including transferred prescriptions.
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11. Effective patients counselling aims to
produce the following results:
Better patients understanding of their
illness and the role of medication in its
treatment.
Improved medication adherence.
More effective drug treatment.
Reduced incidence of adverse effects
and unnecessary healthcare costs.
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12. Improved quality of life for the
patient.
Better coping strategies to deal with
medication related adverse effects.
Improved professional rapport
between the patient and
pharmacist.
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13. - Confused patients, and their caregivers.
- Patients who are sight or hearing impaired.
- Patients with poor literacy.
- Patients whose profile shows a changein
medications or dosing.
- New patients, or those receiving a
medication for the first time (transfer
prescription).
- Children, and parents receiving medication.
- Patients receiving medication with special
storage requirements, complicated directions.
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14. Asthmatic patients.
Diabetic patients.
Patients taking 4 or more prescribed
medications.
Patients who are mentally ill.
Patients using appliances.
Epileptic patients.
Patients with skin complaints.
Patients misusing drugs.
Patients who are terminally ill. 14

15. The patient should be counseled in a semi-
private, or private, area away from other
people and distractions, depending on the
medication(s).
The patient should perceive the counseling
area as confidential, secure and conducive
to learning.
This helps ensure both parties are focused
on the discussion, and minimizes
nterruptions and distractions.
It provides an opportunity for patients to ask
questions they may be hesitant to ask in
public. 15

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The counselling process uses verbal
and non- verbal communication skills.
Verbal communication skills are:-
Language
Tone
Volume
Speed
Non-verbal communication skills are:-
Proximity
Facial expression

17. Counselling is a two-way communication
process and interaction between the
patient and the pharmacist is essential
for counselling to be effective.
1.Preparing for the session.
2.Opening the session.
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18. The counselling content is considered tobe
the heart of the counselling session.
During this step the pharmacist explains to
the patient about his or her medications and
treatment regimen.
Lifestyle changessuch as diet or exercise
may also be discussed.
Topics commonly covered include:-
Name and strength of the medication.
Reason why it has been prescribed or how
it works. 18

19. How to take the medication
Expected duration of treatment.
Expected benefits of treatment.
Possible adverse effects.
Possible medication or dietary interaction.
Advice on correct storage.
Minimum time duration required to show
therapeutic benefit.
What to do if a dose ismissed.
Special monitoring requirements,e.g blood
tests.
Arrangements for obtaining further
supplies. 19

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Do not take this medicine with milk, milk
products or other diary products.
Proper storage is mandatory. It works best
with a full glass of water on an empty
stomach.
Do not take antacids, calcium, iron or
magnesium supplements, laxatives.
Advice patients on using protective skin
lotions, clothing & sunscreen lotions.
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Aspirin should be administered after meals
or with food.
Aspirin should be taken with a full glass of
water (240 ml).
Aspirin 75 mg tablets are usually taken once
daily.
Concurrent administrations of other NSAIDs
should be avoided.
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23. • Avoid alcohol or other CNS
depressants.
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Taking an overdose of benzodiazepines
can lead to unconsciousness and
possibly death.
Avoid use during the day timings, driving
and using machineries and appliances.
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Take medication with food. Make prescriber
aware of any concurrent disease
Be mindful of back pain and weight gain.
If patients taking a steroid medicine for
more than three weeks then they should
not stop taking it suddenly.
The dose should be tapered down gradually
to minimum levels and then stopped.
Do not take antacids and anti inflammatory
painkillers such as ibuprofen etc while
taking steroids.
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25. At last we can say that patient
counselling is a part and parcel of good
medication. A good counselling can
provide a patient to take his medication.
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26. REFERENCE
1. A Text book of Pharmacy Practice by the
author Dr. Sachin V. Tembhurne, Dr. Ashwini
R. Madgulkar, Dr. Virendra S. Ligade Nirali
Prakashan. Page No. 13.1-13.6
2. A Text book of Pharmacy Practice by the
author SOURABH KOSEY Nirali Prakashan.
Page No. 13.1-13.10
3. www.google.com

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