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1. Dying & Printing Assignment-
Textile processing auxiliaries
Textile processing is one of the important industries related with textile
manufacturing operations. This industry has a long history that begins with "Indigo
dyeing" a natural color, derived from a plant.
Once the process of coloring textiles was considered as an art. According to ones
creativity and imagination on those days numerous techniques were evolved in
coloring different materials such as cotton, bamboo, jute, earthen-ware and even
mortar walls. Slowly this technique was evolved in to a science and so many artificial
coloring matters called 'dyestuffs' had started coming in to existence.
This evolution of coloring matters in to synthetic dyestuff and the application
techniques on various textile materials are all put together is called 'Textile
Processing'.
Textile processing is a general term that covers right from singeing(protruding fiber
removal) to finishing and printing of fabric.
Pretreatment of cellulose fabric
1) Singeing is the process of removing the pills and protruding fibers of the fabric
coming from weaving. This operation may either be done at the beginning of the
process or at the end of the finishing operation.
2) Desizing is the second operation after singeing. Desizing of fabric is essential to
remove the sizing materials added during warping to strengthen the warp yarns. This
size if present during subsequent processing will affect the quality of look and finish.
There are many ways to remove the size from the fabric. A few methods are as below.
a) Acid Desizing - this is an old process of destroying the starch and other size
materials
in th presence of acid at elevated temperatures.
b) Oxidative desizing method - desizing with the help of an oxidizing agent
such
as Hydrogen peroxide.
c) Enzymatic desizing method - this is a bio degradation method that destroys
starch
and other sizing materials in to soluble form that will be washed off during
subsequent
washes.
3) Bleaching Process: Bleaching is a process to make the fabric or yarn look brighter
and whiter. This is achieved by oxidizing or reducing the coloring matters in to

2. colorless form.
Mostly widely used textile bleaching method is Hydrogen Peroxide bleaching. This is
carried out in an alkaline bath at about 80 to 85°C at a pH of 11.
Pretreatment Auxiliaries
1. Wetting Agents
2. Sequesting Agents
3. Hydrogen Peroxide
4. Peroxide Killers
Dyeing Process
Dyeing Process is yet another sub branch of processing with so many complicate
process.
According to the application technique and the type of dyestuff used the process
dyeing is categorized.
1. Direct Dyeing is a process of applying coloring matter directly on fiber
without any
additive. This is a simple process but the fastness parameters of the dyed
material is very
poor. So direct dyestuff application is reduced to very minimum and applied to
materials
where the finished goods do not go for post washings during usage. Example -
Floor
Mat, Foot mat, etc.
2. Naphthol dyes are a group of dyestuff used to create fast and bright shades on
cotton
fibers. But the application process is a very complicated one. However due to
its cheapness
in producing dark and bright shades, these dyestuffs are still used in the
market wherever
dark but cheap shades are required.
3. Vat dyes are a class of dye stuff applied from small vats or troughs. This class
of
dye stuff yields very fast colors to washing, light and rubbing. Mostly used for
producing
dull but all difficult shades where fastness is the prime requirement. Example -
Suiting,
Stripped shirting, awning materials and military clothing.
4. Reactive dyestuffs are the bight and fast shade producing dyestuffs. The
application
is also very simple and a lot of research and development is going on in this
class.
But the pollution load created due to this dyeing is very harmful to all water
sources.

3. Dying & Printing Auxiliaries
• Dyebath conditioner
• Lubricants
• Levelling Agents
• Dye Fixing Agents
• Washing Off/ Soaping
• Defoamers
• Polyester
Finishing
Finishing is the final process to impart the required end use finishes to the fabric.
For example, crease resistant finish is imparted to make the fabric wrinkle free, fire
proof finish is for fire resistance, anti microbial finish for odor and micro organism
resist finished and so on.
5) Textile printing is a science as well as an art. In those days the printing was made
using so
many wooden dyes and wax printing. But now the science and technology has
developed so
that via digital printing any photograph can be printed straightaway on the fabric.
Finishing Chemicals
1. Cationic Softener
2. Nonionic Softener
3. Resins
4. Silicon Soft
5. Reactive Softener
6. Polyethelyne emulsion
Companies Manufacturing Textile
Processing Auxiliaries and Chemicals

4. 1. Synthotex Chemical Pvt. Ltd.
Company Profile-
Incorporated in 1997, Synthotex Chemicals is one of the most reputed
manufacturers, exporters and suppliers of superior quality dyeing
chemicals.
Products range:
They have been industry's expert partner in the field of fabric
softeners, textile chemicals, printing binders, emulsifiers, and
finishing agents ever since inception. Their range of products also
include cleaning agents, leather binders, paint binders, flock binders,
rubber mould releasing agent, liquid soaps, cleaning agents, textile
dyeing chemicals and many more.
2. KolorJet Chemicals Pvt. Ltd
Company Profile-
Kolorjet is one of the leaders among manufacturers and suppliers of a
comprehensive range of quality dyestuffs, colors and chemicals for
different industrial requirements.
Product range:
Range of products include dyestuff, injet dyes, dyes for wax printing,
textile auxiliaries, synthetic food colors, natural food colors, pigments,
food ingredients, dyes intermediaries, fine chemicals, specialty
chemicals, enzymes, optical brighteners and soap wax dies.
It is an ISO 9001:2008 certified company.
Kolorjet is a customer oriented company and work with the objective of
achieving maximum customer satisfaction. The company has adopted
innovative procedures and practices to meet customer expectations every
time they deal with them.
Some of our specialties that make them a reliable business partner to
work with are:
• Long experience and extensive industry knowledge.

5. • State-of-the-art production facilities.
• Superior quality color, dyes and chemicals matching industry
standards and parameters.
• Timely deliveries.
• Proven record in successful of small as well as bulk orders.
• Cost effectiveness.
• Excellent after sales service.
3. Bhadra Products
Company Profile-
BHADRA PRODUCTS is a flagship company of the group, which has
earned reputation in the Indian Textile Industry for last eighteen years for
its quality consistency and customer satisfaction / service.
The group consist of M/s. ROHITCHEMICALS, one of the leading
manufacturer, supplier and exporter of textile processing chemicals,
surfactants and speciality chemicals engaged in manufacturing of
performance chemicals to suit consumer needs, finding applications in
processing of Fibre to fabric for different end uses.
They have our manufacturing unit located at Plot No.R -390, T.T.C.
Industrial Area, M.I.D.C., Rabale, Navi Mumbai - 400 701. It is fully
equipped with safety and environment friendly devices and with
necessary infrastructure required in manufacturing of textile chemicals,
surfactants & speciality chemicals and looked after by well qualified and
long proven experienced persons.
The group is accredited with ISO 9001 - 2000 certification.
Product Range-
The company sells almost all the textile auxiliaries.
4. Auxi Chem India & Company
Company profile-

6. Auxi Chem India & Company is an ISO 9000: 2001 certified
company and one of the leading Industrial Chemicals
manufacturers in India. They have been exclusively serving
Textile Industry and Paper Industry over two decades. Their
concepts for pretreatment, dyeing auxiliaries and finishing offers
high quality chemicals for textile processing. They also import and
supply Auxiliary Chemicals from world renowned manufacturers
to provide ‘only the best’ to our customers in India.
Products-
All textile Auxiliaries and chemicals.
How it is different?
At Auxi Chem India & Co, focus is on process research and product
development, to meet customer needs in terms of quality, performance
and cost. They constantly work on to improve existing products and
develop new products to meet the ever increasing expectation of our
esteemed customers.
5. Rohit Chemicals
ROHIT CHEMICALS, established in the year 1987, has earned
reputation in the Indian Textile Industry for its quality consistency and
customer satisfaction / service.
Their manufacturing is fully equipped with safety and environment
friendly devices and with necessary infrastructure required in
manufacturing of textile chemicals, surfactants & speciality chemicals
and looked after by well qualified and long proven experienced
persons.
The group is in the process of being accredited with ISO 9001 : 2000
certification.
At present They manufacture basic textile chemicals, surfactants like
dioctyl sulphosuccinate, sodium alkyl benzene sulphonate, fatty acid
esters, fatty acid alkanolamides and amido betains and few
formulations based on these, which are finding wide range of
applications in different industries.

7. Following are the products range :
» DOSS (Sodium Dioctyl Sulphosuccinate)
» Textile Pretreatment Chemicals
» Dyeing & Printing Chemicals
» Textile Softeners
» Speciality Silicones
» Star Specialities
» Enzyme