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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
DECODING A FULL MOON DAY OF CELEBRATING THREE AUSPICIOUS EVENTS OF CHAP
GOH MEH, THAIPUSAM AND UPOSATHA ON SUNDAY 05 FEBRUARY 2023
DR. STEFANIE NG
SYNOPSIS
The aim of this article is to decode the messages of a Full Moon day of celebrating three auspicious
events of Chap Goh Meh, Thaipusam, and Uposatha on Sunday 05 February 2023. Planetary transits
of Moon relative to Sun, and their impact on human emotions and behavioural tendencies will be examined
through the lens of astronomy, astrology, and spirituality. The Full Moon on Sunday 05 February 2023 was
a global astronomical phenomenon which we witnessed in conjunction with three concurrent festivals of
Chap Goh Meh (Hokkien dialect) or Yuan Xiao (Chinese language: 元宵), Thaipusam, and Uposatha.
The first festive event is basically a traditional Chinese culture of observing Full Moon on the 15th
day
of the first lunar month in a Chinese calendar. The second festive event is spiritual as it is related to
Hinduism in honouring Lord Murugan (son of Lord Shiva and Maa Parvati) on Full Moon in the Tamil
month of Thai with the star of Pusam or Poosam (Pushya nakshatra). The third festive event is also
spiritual in nature which is related to Theravada Buddhism in commemorating Lord Buddha’s delivery
of Fire Sermon to 1,000 monks on a Full Moon day. These three events originated in ancient China and
India but they are celebrated in other countries by Chinese, Hindus and other mixed-race nationalities in
contemporary era. While Moon is just an astronomical object in the solar system, humans are instinctive
and creative in generating emotional, physical and psychological responses to different phases of the Moon
with special attention on the Full Moon phase. Full moon days are designated days for social, cultural and
spiritual congregations and practices in many communities in this world. This article analyses the Full Moon
phenomenon in Cancer in Pushya nakshatra, pada 2 based on the planetary transit positions in Kuala
Lumpur, Malaysia at 00:00:01 (8 hours East of GMT) on Sunday 05 February 2023 (see Chart A and
Table 1).
Keywords: Astronomy, Astrology, Auspicious Festivals, Full Moon, Pushya, Planetary Transits,
Spirituality.
INTRODUCTION
In a snapshot, Thaipusam is an ancient religious event significant to the Tamil Hindus residing in India and
overseas. It is a big annual festival organised by the Hindu community in different parts of the world
including Malaysia to commemorate Lord Murugan’s defeat of demonic forces (1). Uposatha is a day
of puja offerings, meditation and reflection upon Lord Buddha’s teachings and the Fire Sermon
(Adittapariyaya Sutta) delivered to 1,000 monks (2). Chap Goh Meh (Yuan Xiao) lantern festival by the
Chinese to mark the end of 15-day of celebrating Chinese New Year (3) with a romantic twist to it
whereby in ancient times unmarried females were allowed to go out to make their wishes by throwing
mandarin oranges to water spots (sea, river, lakes and ponds) with the hope of getting good future spouses
(4). In many cultures, Moon is perceived as a female planet with the feminine quality of beauty and
fertility. In astrology, Moon represents liquid, fluctuating emotions, mind, mother, and the public
(5). Astronomically, the moonlight we see on Earth is sunlight reflected off the Moon's grayish-white
surface (6). Like the Earth, planet Moon is an astronomical object which is half illuminated by Sun. In order
words, Full Moon occurs when one side of the Moon which is facing the Earth is exposed to direct sunlight
(see Figure 1). However, not all Full Moons are 100% illuminated as seen from Earth. This is due to Moon's
orbit around Earth at an angle of about 5° in relation to the Earth's ecliptic (5, 7). For every 2.5 years
there are two full moons in a single calendar month (8). Owing to the important role of Moon in human lives,
this article seeks to deepen our understanding of the relationship between Full Moon and the three
significant recurring festive events in a calendar year.
2
ASTRONOMICAL PERSPECTIVE OF MOON
There are eight Moon phases in the order of (a) New Moon, (b) Waxing crescent, (c) First quarter, (d)
Waxing gibbous, (e) Full Moon, (f) Waning gibbous, (g) Third quarter, and (h) Waning crescent (see
Figure 2). This lunar cycle repeats once a month or every 29.5 days (9).
A Full Moon is always opposite planet Sun in its orbit around the Earth (10), and the Earth is positioned
precisely between Moon and Sun (11). When three bodies namely, Sun, Earth, and Moon are in
alignment it is termed as syzygy (6). Not all Full Moon days have lunar eclipses. For example, there was
no lunar eclipse on 05 February 2023. The first lunar eclipse will be on 05 May 2023; it is visible from
the Antarctic, Oceania, Australasia, Asia, Europe, Africa, and South Georgia and the South
Sandwich Islands (12).
Figure 1: Sun’s Rays on Moon
Source: Timeanddate.com
Figure 2: Moon Phases
Moon is a natural satellite that orbits round a planet for example Earth. In astronomy, there are many
moons in space besides the Earth’s Moon which we always refer to. All moons orbit their host planets as
well as rotating on their own axis. According to NASA (13), there are more than 214 moons in the solar
system: 158 confirmed moons and 56 provisional moons. Earth has one moon (see Figure 3). It is
believed that there are trillions of moons throughout the Universe. In 2010, astronomers discovered 166
known moons circling planets in the solar system (14).
Jupiter is not just the largest planet in the solar system; it has the largest number of moons (see Figure
4) orbiting it after scientists recently discovered another 12 more moons to add up to a total of 92 moons
(15). The largest moon in the solar system is Jupiter's moon Ganymede with a diameter of 5,262 km
(16). Saturn has 60 moons; Mars has 2 moons. Earth has only 1 moon. Venus and Mercury have no
moon. Uranus has 27 moons. Neptune has 13 moons. Pluto has 3 moons (8).
Source: Timeanddate.com
3
Figure 3: Earth’s Moon
Source: Starwalk.space.com
Figure 4: Jupiter’s Moons
DECODING FULL MOON FESTIVALS FROM CULTURAL AND SPIRITUAL PERSPECTIVES
(A) CHAP GOH MEH (YUAN XIAO) FULL MOON LANTERN FESTIVAL
As a traditional cultural practice during Chap Goh Meh (Yuan Xiao 元宵) lantern festival, family members,
relatives, and friends gather together to socialise by enjoying meals, drinks and taking part in fun activities
like eating glutinous rice balls (tangyuan) filled with sweet red bean paste in syrup, setting off firecrackers,
releasing numerous lit-up lanterns into the night sky, and offering prayers to ancestors and household
deities. The thrill of Chap Goh Meh is extended to throwing mandarin oranges into water spots by unmarried
girls (17) who can choose to write their names and contact numbers on the fruits so that young men can
contact them once they have retrieved their mandarin oranges from the sea, river, pond or lake. This
excitement of finding love is equivalent to the popular worldwide romantic event of 14th February Valentine’s
Day.
February’s full moon is commonly known as the Snow Moon in Native American cultures. This was
attributed to Captain Jonathan Carver who visited the Naudowessie (Dakota) in the 1760s, and coined the
term ‘Snow Moon’ because there was more snow falls during February than any other months in winter
season (18). The Cherokee tribe called February’s full moon the Bone Moon because by this time due to
extreme cold weather, the tribe’s winter food supplies dwindle to the extent that the tribal people have to
gnaw on cooked bones for survival. For the same reason, the Kalapuya tribe called this moon the Out of
Food Moon (19).
(B) THAIPUSAM FULL MOON FESTIVAL
Thaipusam is a significant event for Hindus on Full Moon (Purnima) day on Pusam (Pushya
Nakshatram in the Tamil calendar month of Thai from mid January to mid February. This event is dedicated
to Lord Murugan (Lord of War) (see Figure 5) who defeated the evil forces of three asuras namely,
Soorapadam, Tarakasura and Simhamuka by using a sacred Vel (spear) given by his mother Maa Parvati
(consort of Lord Shiva) (1,20, 21). It is a colourful and amazing annual Hindu festival whereby devotees
perform pujas with offerings, and some choose to perform penance for various personal reasons by carrying
‘kavadis’, piercing their bodies including lips, cheeks and tongues with skewers, spears or vels, inserting
hooks with milk pots and fruits onto their backs and chests.
In an inaugural Thaipusam festival in Penang in 2017, there were two chariots: a golden chariot to carry
Lord Murugan’s symbolic golden Vel which is also known as ‘Shakti Vel’, and a silver chariot to carry the
statue of Lord Murugan through a nine-kilometre procession. The golden chariot costing RM3 million,
weighing 2,300 kg with a height of 14 feet was pulled by devotees, while the silver chariot procession
operated by the Chettiar community was pulled by bullocks (22, 23, 24).
Source: Space.com and Roberto Molar-
Candanosa, courtesy of Carnegie Institution
for Science)
4
In Mahayana Buddhism, Lord Murugan is known as Wei Tuo Pusa (Bodhisattva Skanda 韋馱) (25)
who is The Dhamma Protector (see Figure 6) as such the warrior statue of Buddhist Murugan is normally
placed at the entrance to the main shrine of Chinese temples to guard against Maya’s trickery.
Figure 5: Lord Murugan -
Batu Cave Temple, Malaysia
Source: Photo taken by present author
Figure 6: Buddhist Murugan –
Wei Tuo Pusa
Source: creofire.wordpress.com
Om Saravana Bhavaya Namaha
(C) UPOSATHA FULL MOON FESTIVAL
In Theravada Buddhism, 05 February 2023 is a Uposatha day of observance which involves conducting
Magha Puja to commemorate the Enlightened Buddha’s delivery of the Fire Sermon (Adittapariyaya
sutta) at Varanasi in Gaya, India to three ascetic brothers and their 1,000 disciple monks who were fire
worshippers. This discourse highlighted the nature of fire, and how fire could lead to suffering (pain or
pleasure) which also could be ceased by fire to attain liberation. For example, the fire of lust (raga), the fire
of hate (dosa) and the fire of delusion (moha). Upon hearing this Fire Sermon the disciple monks
attained enlightenment as Arahants (2, 26).
In fact, when Lord Buddha appeared in ancient India, Full Moon days were already recognised as days for
religious practices. King Bimbisara suggested to the Enlightened One that His ordained disciples should
teach on full moon days so that lay people could learn from them. Lord Buddha agreed to King Bimbisara’s
request and thereby two practices on Full Moon days were introduced: (a) monks to recite the Patimokkha;
and (b) monks to teach the Dhamma to lay people. That was the start of Buddhist Full Moon day practices
(27). In contemporary times Theravada Buddhists hold Uposatha meetings in viharas or temples on Full
Moon and New Moon days to practise intensive meditation and reflection upon Buddha’s teachings
(Dhamma) and ethical codes or monastic rules (Patimokkha) (28, 29).
PLANETARY POSITIONS OF TRANSITING MOON AND SUN ON FULL MOON DAY 05 FEBRUARY
2023
Having examined the significance of Full Moon from the perspectives of astronomy, culture and religious
beliefs, we will move on to generate a planetary transit chart for the purpose of this article. We use
the date 05 February 2023, time 00:00:01, place Kuala Lumpur, capital city of Malaysia. Chart A is a
sidereal-based planetary transit chart related to data as shown in Table I.
5
Chart A: Sidereal Planetary Transit Positions On Sunday
05 February 2023 At 00:00:01 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Pisces 6
Jupiter
Aries 7
Rahu Uranus
Taurus 8
Mars
Gemini 9
Aquarius 5
Saturn
Venus
Neptune
NATALN Cancer 10
Moon
Capricorn 4
Pluto Sun
Leo 11
Sagittarius 3
Mercury
Scorpio 2 Libra 1
Ketu
Virgo 12
Note: Libra rising in Chitra, pada 4
Full Moon in Cancer, Pushya, pada 2
Sun in Capricorn in Sravana, pada 4
Table I: Sidereal Planetary Transit Movement On Sunday
05 February 2023 At 00:00:01 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Planet /
Node
Sign Longitude Nakshatra Pada
Lagna Libra 03◦
28’51.04” Chitra 4
Sun Capricorn 21◦
24’21.88” Sravana 4
Moon Cancer 09◦
23’54.21” Pushya 2
Mars Taurus 16◦
57’24.83” Rohini 3
Mercury -AK Sagittarius 27◦
01’07.99” Uttara Ashadha 1
Jupiter Pisces 12◦
35’58.91” Uttara Bhadrapada 3
Venus Aquarius 16◦
29’26.97” Satabhisha 3
Saturn Aquarius 02◦
08’03.61” Danishta 3
Rahu Aries 14◦
12’25.44” Bharani 1
Ketu Libra 14◦
12’25.44” Swati 3
Uranus Aries 20◦
49’29.00” Bharani 3
Neptune Aquarius 29◦
31’30.00” Purva Bhadrapada 3
Pluto Capricorn 04◦
16’29.00” Uttara Ashadha 2
Source:
* Jagannatha Hora 8.0 based on sidereal timing, and Lahiri / Chitrapaksha
Ayanamsa (Spica in the middle of Chitra always)
* Drikpanchang.com
Sidereal Planetary
Transit Chart
Sunday 05 February 2023
at 00:00:01
Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia
8:00 East of GMT
101 E 42’ 00”, 3 N 10’ 00”
6
DECODING TRANSITING MOON IN CANCER PUSHYA NAKSHATRA
Reference to Table I, transiting Moon in its own zodiac sign Cancer was at 09◦ 23’54.21” in Pushya
nakshatra, pada 2 with illumination at 100% (30). Cancer is the natural 4th zodiac sign ruled by Moon.
Cancer has two major clusters of stars: Beehive cluster of 50 small stars known as M44, and Acubens (α
Cancri) known as M67. The brightest star in Cancer is Altarf (Beta Cancri) at the southwest point of the
constellation’s inverted Y-shaped pattern (see Figure 7) (31).
Cancer is symbolised by a crab (see Figure 8). In ancient Chaldean and Platonic philosophy, Cancer was
called the Gate of Men at the apex of the zodiac. It was through this portal that souls descend from the
heavens above and into the bodies of the newly born (32).
Figure 8: Symbol of Cancer
Source: shutterstock.com
Figure 9: Symbol of Pushya
Source: shutterstock.com
Cancer is a water and movable zodiac sign associated with the significations of Moon. Pushya is the 8th
nakshatra (3°20′ to 16°40′ Cancer) symbolised by a cow’s udder (see Figure 9) to represent the maternal
qualities of providing milk, nourishment, care and protection to people in need without any expectations in
return. Thus Pushya is also known as The Star of Nourishment; it is the most auspicious godly star
Figure 7: Cancer Constellation
Source: BBC Sky at Night magazine
7
ruled by Saturn, and governed by Brihaspati (Jupiter - Guru of demigods) (33, 34). Jupiter becomes
exalted in Cancer at 5 degrees. Saturn and Jupiter are able to generate intense spiritual energy for
purification of mind as well as developing the qualities of compassion, generousity, helpfulness, patience,
perserverance, and selflessness.
DECODING MESSAGES OF SUN IN CAPRICORN IN SRAVANA
Transiting Sun conjunct Pluto in Capricorn (see Chart A) indicate authority and leadership in a big
organisation, institution or nation with established structures and systems of carrying out activities.
Transiting Sun in Sravana means the authoritative leader in a formal setting learns by active listening to
views of people for improving organisational efficiency and effectiveness in solving problems faced by
people in an organisation or country. Sravana is symbolised by an ear (see Figure 10). it is ruled by Moon,
and governed by Vishnu (god of preservation). Whereas transiting Pluto in Uttara Ashadha is
symbolised by an elephant fighting with two tusks (see Figure 11). Uttara Ashadha is ruled by Sun and
governed by Vishvedas (universal gods) to represent complete or final victory over rivals.
Figure 10: Symbol of Sravana
Source: istock.com
Figure 11: Symbol of Uttara Ashadha
Source: World Wild Fund (WWF)
The combination of Sun and Pluto in Capricorn indicates that a participative or proactive leadership style
can effect changes for better results by destroying old, unproductive and harmful structures, systems and
practices. The downside of transiting Sun conjunct Pluto is the negative energy of destruction resulting in
casualties of some human lives. Notable examples for illustration: (a) passing of the 97-year old Buddhist
Master Hsing Yun (founder of Fo Guan Shan Buddhist Order) in Taiwan on 05 February 2023 at 05.00 PM
local time (35), and (b) 7.8 magnitude massive earthquakes hit Turkey and Syria on 06 February 2023 at
04.15 AM local time with more than 20,000 deaths (36, 37).
CONCLUSION
This article has demonstrated to the audience how to decode the messages of a Full Moon day of
celebrating three auspicious events of Chap Goh Meh, Thaipusam, and Uposatha on Sunday 05
February 2023. Planetary transits of Moon relative to Sun, and their effects on human emotions and
behavioural tendencies towards the Full Moon phenomenon have been analysed through the lens of
astronomy, astrology, and spirituality. By so doing, the audience is able to gain an insight into the intriguing
relationship between Full Moon and the three significant recurring festive events in a calendar year.
Furthermore, this article provides scientific information on Moon and Sun as astronomical objects to
strengthen astrological analysis of their transiting positions in Cancer Pushya and Capricorn Sravana
constellations respectively on Sunday 05 February 2023. The present author foresees readers of this
article as well as organisers and participants of these festive events on a Full Moon day in Cancer zodiac
sign in Pushya nakshatra would be driven by the positive energies of transiting Moon, Sun, and other
celestial bodies to work for communal and national harmony, prosperity and unity.
8
About The Author
Dr. Stefanie Ng is a Life Member of the Malaysian Astrological Society since 1991. Her interest in Astrology
grows after learning Vedic Astrology from the late Prof. K.S.Vincent in 1990. From a past-time hobby in
horoscope reading to a practising astrologer, she believes in a structured approach to acquire and apply
knowledge to help clients to understand how Vedic Astrology can be used to identify present life purpose,
issues of concern, potential dangers or threats, ways to minimise or overcome obstacles, and fulfill life
goals.
For contact: Email: stefanie.nsl@gmail.com
For citation of this article:
Ng S. Decoding a full moon day of celebrating three auspicious events of Chap Goh Meh, Thaipusam and
Uposatha on Sunday 05 February 2023.
Permission granted for sharing this article with people interested in applied Vedic Astrology.
--------------------------------------------------------THE END -----------------------------------------------------------
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Article_FullMoon05Feb2023_MAS.pdf

  • 1. 1 ORIGINAL ARTICLE DECODING A FULL MOON DAY OF CELEBRATING THREE AUSPICIOUS EVENTS OF CHAP GOH MEH, THAIPUSAM AND UPOSATHA ON SUNDAY 05 FEBRUARY 2023 DR. STEFANIE NG SYNOPSIS The aim of this article is to decode the messages of a Full Moon day of celebrating three auspicious events of Chap Goh Meh, Thaipusam, and Uposatha on Sunday 05 February 2023. Planetary transits of Moon relative to Sun, and their impact on human emotions and behavioural tendencies will be examined through the lens of astronomy, astrology, and spirituality. The Full Moon on Sunday 05 February 2023 was a global astronomical phenomenon which we witnessed in conjunction with three concurrent festivals of Chap Goh Meh (Hokkien dialect) or Yuan Xiao (Chinese language: 元宵), Thaipusam, and Uposatha. The first festive event is basically a traditional Chinese culture of observing Full Moon on the 15th day of the first lunar month in a Chinese calendar. The second festive event is spiritual as it is related to Hinduism in honouring Lord Murugan (son of Lord Shiva and Maa Parvati) on Full Moon in the Tamil month of Thai with the star of Pusam or Poosam (Pushya nakshatra). The third festive event is also spiritual in nature which is related to Theravada Buddhism in commemorating Lord Buddha’s delivery of Fire Sermon to 1,000 monks on a Full Moon day. These three events originated in ancient China and India but they are celebrated in other countries by Chinese, Hindus and other mixed-race nationalities in contemporary era. While Moon is just an astronomical object in the solar system, humans are instinctive and creative in generating emotional, physical and psychological responses to different phases of the Moon with special attention on the Full Moon phase. Full moon days are designated days for social, cultural and spiritual congregations and practices in many communities in this world. This article analyses the Full Moon phenomenon in Cancer in Pushya nakshatra, pada 2 based on the planetary transit positions in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia at 00:00:01 (8 hours East of GMT) on Sunday 05 February 2023 (see Chart A and Table 1). Keywords: Astronomy, Astrology, Auspicious Festivals, Full Moon, Pushya, Planetary Transits, Spirituality. INTRODUCTION In a snapshot, Thaipusam is an ancient religious event significant to the Tamil Hindus residing in India and overseas. It is a big annual festival organised by the Hindu community in different parts of the world including Malaysia to commemorate Lord Murugan’s defeat of demonic forces (1). Uposatha is a day of puja offerings, meditation and reflection upon Lord Buddha’s teachings and the Fire Sermon (Adittapariyaya Sutta) delivered to 1,000 monks (2). Chap Goh Meh (Yuan Xiao) lantern festival by the Chinese to mark the end of 15-day of celebrating Chinese New Year (3) with a romantic twist to it whereby in ancient times unmarried females were allowed to go out to make their wishes by throwing mandarin oranges to water spots (sea, river, lakes and ponds) with the hope of getting good future spouses (4). In many cultures, Moon is perceived as a female planet with the feminine quality of beauty and fertility. In astrology, Moon represents liquid, fluctuating emotions, mind, mother, and the public (5). Astronomically, the moonlight we see on Earth is sunlight reflected off the Moon's grayish-white surface (6). Like the Earth, planet Moon is an astronomical object which is half illuminated by Sun. In order words, Full Moon occurs when one side of the Moon which is facing the Earth is exposed to direct sunlight (see Figure 1). However, not all Full Moons are 100% illuminated as seen from Earth. This is due to Moon's orbit around Earth at an angle of about 5° in relation to the Earth's ecliptic (5, 7). For every 2.5 years there are two full moons in a single calendar month (8). Owing to the important role of Moon in human lives, this article seeks to deepen our understanding of the relationship between Full Moon and the three significant recurring festive events in a calendar year.
  • 2. 2 ASTRONOMICAL PERSPECTIVE OF MOON There are eight Moon phases in the order of (a) New Moon, (b) Waxing crescent, (c) First quarter, (d) Waxing gibbous, (e) Full Moon, (f) Waning gibbous, (g) Third quarter, and (h) Waning crescent (see Figure 2). This lunar cycle repeats once a month or every 29.5 days (9). A Full Moon is always opposite planet Sun in its orbit around the Earth (10), and the Earth is positioned precisely between Moon and Sun (11). When three bodies namely, Sun, Earth, and Moon are in alignment it is termed as syzygy (6). Not all Full Moon days have lunar eclipses. For example, there was no lunar eclipse on 05 February 2023. The first lunar eclipse will be on 05 May 2023; it is visible from the Antarctic, Oceania, Australasia, Asia, Europe, Africa, and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (12). Figure 1: Sun’s Rays on Moon Source: Timeanddate.com Figure 2: Moon Phases Moon is a natural satellite that orbits round a planet for example Earth. In astronomy, there are many moons in space besides the Earth’s Moon which we always refer to. All moons orbit their host planets as well as rotating on their own axis. According to NASA (13), there are more than 214 moons in the solar system: 158 confirmed moons and 56 provisional moons. Earth has one moon (see Figure 3). It is believed that there are trillions of moons throughout the Universe. In 2010, astronomers discovered 166 known moons circling planets in the solar system (14). Jupiter is not just the largest planet in the solar system; it has the largest number of moons (see Figure 4) orbiting it after scientists recently discovered another 12 more moons to add up to a total of 92 moons (15). The largest moon in the solar system is Jupiter's moon Ganymede with a diameter of 5,262 km (16). Saturn has 60 moons; Mars has 2 moons. Earth has only 1 moon. Venus and Mercury have no moon. Uranus has 27 moons. Neptune has 13 moons. Pluto has 3 moons (8). Source: Timeanddate.com
  • 3. 3 Figure 3: Earth’s Moon Source: Starwalk.space.com Figure 4: Jupiter’s Moons DECODING FULL MOON FESTIVALS FROM CULTURAL AND SPIRITUAL PERSPECTIVES (A) CHAP GOH MEH (YUAN XIAO) FULL MOON LANTERN FESTIVAL As a traditional cultural practice during Chap Goh Meh (Yuan Xiao 元宵) lantern festival, family members, relatives, and friends gather together to socialise by enjoying meals, drinks and taking part in fun activities like eating glutinous rice balls (tangyuan) filled with sweet red bean paste in syrup, setting off firecrackers, releasing numerous lit-up lanterns into the night sky, and offering prayers to ancestors and household deities. The thrill of Chap Goh Meh is extended to throwing mandarin oranges into water spots by unmarried girls (17) who can choose to write their names and contact numbers on the fruits so that young men can contact them once they have retrieved their mandarin oranges from the sea, river, pond or lake. This excitement of finding love is equivalent to the popular worldwide romantic event of 14th February Valentine’s Day. February’s full moon is commonly known as the Snow Moon in Native American cultures. This was attributed to Captain Jonathan Carver who visited the Naudowessie (Dakota) in the 1760s, and coined the term ‘Snow Moon’ because there was more snow falls during February than any other months in winter season (18). The Cherokee tribe called February’s full moon the Bone Moon because by this time due to extreme cold weather, the tribe’s winter food supplies dwindle to the extent that the tribal people have to gnaw on cooked bones for survival. For the same reason, the Kalapuya tribe called this moon the Out of Food Moon (19). (B) THAIPUSAM FULL MOON FESTIVAL Thaipusam is a significant event for Hindus on Full Moon (Purnima) day on Pusam (Pushya Nakshatram in the Tamil calendar month of Thai from mid January to mid February. This event is dedicated to Lord Murugan (Lord of War) (see Figure 5) who defeated the evil forces of three asuras namely, Soorapadam, Tarakasura and Simhamuka by using a sacred Vel (spear) given by his mother Maa Parvati (consort of Lord Shiva) (1,20, 21). It is a colourful and amazing annual Hindu festival whereby devotees perform pujas with offerings, and some choose to perform penance for various personal reasons by carrying ‘kavadis’, piercing their bodies including lips, cheeks and tongues with skewers, spears or vels, inserting hooks with milk pots and fruits onto their backs and chests. In an inaugural Thaipusam festival in Penang in 2017, there were two chariots: a golden chariot to carry Lord Murugan’s symbolic golden Vel which is also known as ‘Shakti Vel’, and a silver chariot to carry the statue of Lord Murugan through a nine-kilometre procession. The golden chariot costing RM3 million, weighing 2,300 kg with a height of 14 feet was pulled by devotees, while the silver chariot procession operated by the Chettiar community was pulled by bullocks (22, 23, 24). Source: Space.com and Roberto Molar- Candanosa, courtesy of Carnegie Institution for Science)
  • 4. 4 In Mahayana Buddhism, Lord Murugan is known as Wei Tuo Pusa (Bodhisattva Skanda 韋馱) (25) who is The Dhamma Protector (see Figure 6) as such the warrior statue of Buddhist Murugan is normally placed at the entrance to the main shrine of Chinese temples to guard against Maya’s trickery. Figure 5: Lord Murugan - Batu Cave Temple, Malaysia Source: Photo taken by present author Figure 6: Buddhist Murugan – Wei Tuo Pusa Source: creofire.wordpress.com Om Saravana Bhavaya Namaha (C) UPOSATHA FULL MOON FESTIVAL In Theravada Buddhism, 05 February 2023 is a Uposatha day of observance which involves conducting Magha Puja to commemorate the Enlightened Buddha’s delivery of the Fire Sermon (Adittapariyaya sutta) at Varanasi in Gaya, India to three ascetic brothers and their 1,000 disciple monks who were fire worshippers. This discourse highlighted the nature of fire, and how fire could lead to suffering (pain or pleasure) which also could be ceased by fire to attain liberation. For example, the fire of lust (raga), the fire of hate (dosa) and the fire of delusion (moha). Upon hearing this Fire Sermon the disciple monks attained enlightenment as Arahants (2, 26). In fact, when Lord Buddha appeared in ancient India, Full Moon days were already recognised as days for religious practices. King Bimbisara suggested to the Enlightened One that His ordained disciples should teach on full moon days so that lay people could learn from them. Lord Buddha agreed to King Bimbisara’s request and thereby two practices on Full Moon days were introduced: (a) monks to recite the Patimokkha; and (b) monks to teach the Dhamma to lay people. That was the start of Buddhist Full Moon day practices (27). In contemporary times Theravada Buddhists hold Uposatha meetings in viharas or temples on Full Moon and New Moon days to practise intensive meditation and reflection upon Buddha’s teachings (Dhamma) and ethical codes or monastic rules (Patimokkha) (28, 29). PLANETARY POSITIONS OF TRANSITING MOON AND SUN ON FULL MOON DAY 05 FEBRUARY 2023 Having examined the significance of Full Moon from the perspectives of astronomy, culture and religious beliefs, we will move on to generate a planetary transit chart for the purpose of this article. We use the date 05 February 2023, time 00:00:01, place Kuala Lumpur, capital city of Malaysia. Chart A is a sidereal-based planetary transit chart related to data as shown in Table I.
  • 5. 5 Chart A: Sidereal Planetary Transit Positions On Sunday 05 February 2023 At 00:00:01 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Pisces 6 Jupiter Aries 7 Rahu Uranus Taurus 8 Mars Gemini 9 Aquarius 5 Saturn Venus Neptune NATALN Cancer 10 Moon Capricorn 4 Pluto Sun Leo 11 Sagittarius 3 Mercury Scorpio 2 Libra 1 Ketu Virgo 12 Note: Libra rising in Chitra, pada 4 Full Moon in Cancer, Pushya, pada 2 Sun in Capricorn in Sravana, pada 4 Table I: Sidereal Planetary Transit Movement On Sunday 05 February 2023 At 00:00:01 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Planet / Node Sign Longitude Nakshatra Pada Lagna Libra 03◦ 28’51.04” Chitra 4 Sun Capricorn 21◦ 24’21.88” Sravana 4 Moon Cancer 09◦ 23’54.21” Pushya 2 Mars Taurus 16◦ 57’24.83” Rohini 3 Mercury -AK Sagittarius 27◦ 01’07.99” Uttara Ashadha 1 Jupiter Pisces 12◦ 35’58.91” Uttara Bhadrapada 3 Venus Aquarius 16◦ 29’26.97” Satabhisha 3 Saturn Aquarius 02◦ 08’03.61” Danishta 3 Rahu Aries 14◦ 12’25.44” Bharani 1 Ketu Libra 14◦ 12’25.44” Swati 3 Uranus Aries 20◦ 49’29.00” Bharani 3 Neptune Aquarius 29◦ 31’30.00” Purva Bhadrapada 3 Pluto Capricorn 04◦ 16’29.00” Uttara Ashadha 2 Source: * Jagannatha Hora 8.0 based on sidereal timing, and Lahiri / Chitrapaksha Ayanamsa (Spica in the middle of Chitra always) * Drikpanchang.com Sidereal Planetary Transit Chart Sunday 05 February 2023 at 00:00:01 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 8:00 East of GMT 101 E 42’ 00”, 3 N 10’ 00”
  • 6. 6 DECODING TRANSITING MOON IN CANCER PUSHYA NAKSHATRA Reference to Table I, transiting Moon in its own zodiac sign Cancer was at 09◦ 23’54.21” in Pushya nakshatra, pada 2 with illumination at 100% (30). Cancer is the natural 4th zodiac sign ruled by Moon. Cancer has two major clusters of stars: Beehive cluster of 50 small stars known as M44, and Acubens (α Cancri) known as M67. The brightest star in Cancer is Altarf (Beta Cancri) at the southwest point of the constellation’s inverted Y-shaped pattern (see Figure 7) (31). Cancer is symbolised by a crab (see Figure 8). In ancient Chaldean and Platonic philosophy, Cancer was called the Gate of Men at the apex of the zodiac. It was through this portal that souls descend from the heavens above and into the bodies of the newly born (32). Figure 8: Symbol of Cancer Source: shutterstock.com Figure 9: Symbol of Pushya Source: shutterstock.com Cancer is a water and movable zodiac sign associated with the significations of Moon. Pushya is the 8th nakshatra (3°20′ to 16°40′ Cancer) symbolised by a cow’s udder (see Figure 9) to represent the maternal qualities of providing milk, nourishment, care and protection to people in need without any expectations in return. Thus Pushya is also known as The Star of Nourishment; it is the most auspicious godly star Figure 7: Cancer Constellation Source: BBC Sky at Night magazine
  • 7. 7 ruled by Saturn, and governed by Brihaspati (Jupiter - Guru of demigods) (33, 34). Jupiter becomes exalted in Cancer at 5 degrees. Saturn and Jupiter are able to generate intense spiritual energy for purification of mind as well as developing the qualities of compassion, generousity, helpfulness, patience, perserverance, and selflessness. DECODING MESSAGES OF SUN IN CAPRICORN IN SRAVANA Transiting Sun conjunct Pluto in Capricorn (see Chart A) indicate authority and leadership in a big organisation, institution or nation with established structures and systems of carrying out activities. Transiting Sun in Sravana means the authoritative leader in a formal setting learns by active listening to views of people for improving organisational efficiency and effectiveness in solving problems faced by people in an organisation or country. Sravana is symbolised by an ear (see Figure 10). it is ruled by Moon, and governed by Vishnu (god of preservation). Whereas transiting Pluto in Uttara Ashadha is symbolised by an elephant fighting with two tusks (see Figure 11). Uttara Ashadha is ruled by Sun and governed by Vishvedas (universal gods) to represent complete or final victory over rivals. Figure 10: Symbol of Sravana Source: istock.com Figure 11: Symbol of Uttara Ashadha Source: World Wild Fund (WWF) The combination of Sun and Pluto in Capricorn indicates that a participative or proactive leadership style can effect changes for better results by destroying old, unproductive and harmful structures, systems and practices. The downside of transiting Sun conjunct Pluto is the negative energy of destruction resulting in casualties of some human lives. Notable examples for illustration: (a) passing of the 97-year old Buddhist Master Hsing Yun (founder of Fo Guan Shan Buddhist Order) in Taiwan on 05 February 2023 at 05.00 PM local time (35), and (b) 7.8 magnitude massive earthquakes hit Turkey and Syria on 06 February 2023 at 04.15 AM local time with more than 20,000 deaths (36, 37). CONCLUSION This article has demonstrated to the audience how to decode the messages of a Full Moon day of celebrating three auspicious events of Chap Goh Meh, Thaipusam, and Uposatha on Sunday 05 February 2023. Planetary transits of Moon relative to Sun, and their effects on human emotions and behavioural tendencies towards the Full Moon phenomenon have been analysed through the lens of astronomy, astrology, and spirituality. By so doing, the audience is able to gain an insight into the intriguing relationship between Full Moon and the three significant recurring festive events in a calendar year. Furthermore, this article provides scientific information on Moon and Sun as astronomical objects to strengthen astrological analysis of their transiting positions in Cancer Pushya and Capricorn Sravana constellations respectively on Sunday 05 February 2023. The present author foresees readers of this article as well as organisers and participants of these festive events on a Full Moon day in Cancer zodiac sign in Pushya nakshatra would be driven by the positive energies of transiting Moon, Sun, and other celestial bodies to work for communal and national harmony, prosperity and unity.
  • 8. 8 About The Author Dr. Stefanie Ng is a Life Member of the Malaysian Astrological Society since 1991. Her interest in Astrology grows after learning Vedic Astrology from the late Prof. K.S.Vincent in 1990. From a past-time hobby in horoscope reading to a practising astrologer, she believes in a structured approach to acquire and apply knowledge to help clients to understand how Vedic Astrology can be used to identify present life purpose, issues of concern, potential dangers or threats, ways to minimise or overcome obstacles, and fulfill life goals. For contact: Email: stefanie.nsl@gmail.com For citation of this article: Ng S. Decoding a full moon day of celebrating three auspicious events of Chap Goh Meh, Thaipusam and Uposatha on Sunday 05 February 2023. Permission granted for sharing this article with people interested in applied Vedic Astrology. --------------------------------------------------------THE END ----------------------------------------------------------- REFERENCES 1. Astroaura. Thaipusam (Thaipoosam) Festival. Available from: https://www.astroaura.net/thaipusam- festival.html [Accessed 02 February 2023]. 2. Ubeysekara A. 27 October 2020. Drarisworld. Adittapariyaya Sutta: The Fire Sermon. Available from: https://drarisworld.wordpress.com/2020/10/27/adittapariyaya-sutta-the-fire-sermon/ [Accessed 02 February 2023]. 3. China Highlights. 30 January 2023. Year of the rabbit: Horoscope predictions 2023 and personality. Available from: https://www.chinahighlights.com/travelguide/chinese-zodiac/rabbit.htm [Accessed 01 February 2023]. 4. Yahoo! News. 10 February 2023. The origins of Chap Goh Meh and how throwing oranges became part of the tradition. Available from: https://malaysia.news.yahoo.com/origins-chap-goh-meh-throwing- 070025187.html [Accessed 10 February 2023]. 5. Ng S. How to decode messages of total lunar eclipse in Aries on 08 November 2022. Presentation to members of the Malaysian Astrological Society (MAS) on 08 November 2022. Available from: https://www.slideshare.net/ 6. Astronomical Application Department. USA Government. Phases of the Moon and Percent of the Moon Illuminated. Available from: https://aa.usno.navy.mil/faq/moon_phases/ [Accessed 04 February 2023]. 7. Timeanddate. Moon. Available from: https://www.timeanddate.com/astronomy/moon/full-moon.html [Accessed 04 November 2022].
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