syarat syarat

1. PROSEDUR PENGIMPORTAN
TUMBUHAN, PRODUK TUMBUHAN
DAN ARTIKEL TERKAWAL
SYARAT DAN KAWALAN IMPORT – PENETAPAN SYARAT DAN KAEDAH KAWALAN IMPORT
SEKSYEN KAWALAN IMPORT & PENGUATKUASAAN, BAHAGIAN BIOSEKURITI TUMBUHAN,
JABATAN PERTANIAN MALAYSIA

2. PENGENALAN
PENGUATKUASAAN
1. Akta Kuarantin Tumbuhan 1976,
2. Peraturan-Peraturan Kuarantin Tumbuhan 1981 dan
3. Piawaian Antarabangsa (International Standard For
Phytosanitary Measures, ISPM)
4. Asia And Pacific Plant Protection Commission (APPPC)
5. International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC)

3. PENGENALAN
POLISI ANTARABANGSA BAGI PERDAGANGAN TUMBUHAN, PRODUK TUMBUHAN DAN ARTIKEL
TERKAWAL
1. Hak negara melindungi kepelbagaian biodiversiti, kesihatan manusia dan alam sekitar.
2. Tanggungjawab negara untuk mencegah kemasukan dan penyebaran perosak tumbuhan melalui
perdagangan antarabangsa.
3. Pengimportan/Pengeksportan artikel terkawal perlu dipastikan selamat secara biologi dan
mematuhi keperluan pengimportan yang telah ditentukan.
4. Keperluan pengimportan ditentukan berdasarkan Analisis Risiko Perosak (PRA) yang menilai
perkara berikut :
i. Risiko kemasukan perosak bersama-sama dengan konsainan yang diimport;
ii. Risiko perosak di sesebuah negara pengeksport; dan
iii. Risiko konsainan tersebut itu sendiri menjadi perosak (weed/rumpai).

4. PENGENALAN
KEPENTINGAN PENGUATKUASAAN BAGI PENGIMPORTAN TUMBUHAN, PRODUK TUMBUHAN DAN
ARTIKEL TERKAWAL
1. Pengimportan bebas dari perosak/penyakit merbahaya dan mematuhi keperluan pengimportan.
2. Melaksanakan langkah – langkah pencegahan kemasukan perosak (rawat/musnah/dilarang
masuk) sekiranya :
i. Perosak tumbuhan dipintas di pintu masuk semasa pengimportan;
ii. Pencemaran konsainan dengan tanah, tinja haiwan, plastik, styrofoam dll.
3. Pengimportan produk pertanian yang tidak selamat akan menyebabkan kerugian kepada
negara :
i. Serangan perosak eksotik menyebabkan keruntuhan industri penanaman kelapa, limau, betik, pisang,
pitaya dan koko dll.
ii. Serangan perosak eksotik juga meningkatkan kos pengeluaran, mempengaruhi harga makanan dan
pasaran eksport.

5. PENGENALAN
IMPAK KEPADA NEGARA
Penyakit layu pisang oleh bakteria
Serangan siput gondang emas pada
padi
Antraknos pitaya oleh bakteria
Serangan pengorek pod
koko

6. Penyakit mati rosot (dieback) oleh
Bakteria
Kumbang Merah Palma
(Red Palm Weevil,
RPW)
PENGENALAN
IMPAK KEPADA NEGARA
Rumput Miang Mexico
(Parthenium hysterophorus)

7. CARTA ALIR PERMOHONAN PENGIMPORTAN
Catatan :
Pemohon perlu
menghantar borang
permohonan bagi
mana-mana komoditi
yang tiada di dalam
sistem ePermit.
Kelulusan permohonan
pengimportan adalah
dalam tempoh 3 – 24
bulan bergantung
kepada komoditi

8. PROSEDUR PERMOHONAN PENGIMPORTAN
 Garis Panduan (SOP) Permohonan Pengimportan
Artikel Terkawal, Tumbuhan Dan Produk Tumbuhan
(Analisis Risiko Perosak (PRA)
 Permohonan Rasmi
 Borang PRA

9. Borang PRA

12. Oleh yang demikian…
ANALISIS RISIKO
PEROSAK
(PEST RISK ANALYSIS,
PRA) perlu dijalankan
SEBELUM sebarang kelulusan
pengimportan diberikan

13. ANALISIS RISIKO PEROSAK (PEST RISK
ANALYSIS, PRA)
5W1H
WHO does
PRA?
What is
PRA?
Where is
PRA done?
When is
PRA done?
Why is PRA
done?
How can
PRA be
done?

14. FIRST OF ALL..
Combination of likelihood and impact
How likely an event is to happen, and how much of an effect it would have.
So…
If an event cannot occur it cannot have an impact and there is no risk.
If an event is likely to occur but it will have no impact then there is no risk.
If an event is likely to occur but it will have impact then there is a risk.

15. WHO
DOES
PRA?
 National Plant Protection
Organisations (NPPOs)
 Regional Plant Protection
Organisations (RPPOs)

16. WHAT IS
PRA?
 The process of evaluating biological or other
scientific and economic evidence to
determine whether a pest should be regulated
and the strength of any phytosanitary
measures to be taken against it - Glossary of
phytosanitary terms, ISPM No. 5
 Science-based process that provides rationale
for implementing phytosanitary measures for
a specified area
 Systematic approach to decide if a pest
should be managed using legislation

17. WHAT IS A
PLANT PEST?
 Any species, strain or biotype of plant,
animal or pathogenic agent injurious to
plants or plant products - Glossary of
phytosanitary terms, ISPM No. 5
 organism harmful to plants including
bacteria, fungi, insects, mites, other
plants, nematodes and viruses.
 IPPC recognizes direct and indirect plant
pests
 IPPC recognizes two categories of
regulated plant pests :
1. Quarantine pest
2. Regulated non-quarantine pest

18. QUARANTINE
PEST?
 a pest of potential economic
importance to the area endangered
thereby and not yet present there, or
present but not widely distributed and
being officially controlled
 For the endangered area the pest
 Is not present there and has potential
economic importance, or
 Is present but not widely distributed and
is officially controlled

19. REGULATED
NON-
QUARANTINE
PEST?
 A non-quarantine pest whose
presence in plants for planting affects
the intended use of those plants with
an economically unacceptable impact
and which is therefore regulated
within the territory of the importing
contracting party
 Presence in plants for planting has an
unacceptable impact so is regulated
 But not regulated as a quarantine pest
since usually the pest is widely distributed

20. WHERE IS
PRA
DONE?
 Office based
 Information needed
(scientific based)
 Library

21. WHY IS
PRA
DONE?
 To evaluate and manage risk from
specific pests and internationally
traded commodities
I. Identify and assess risks to agricultural
and horticultural crops, forestry and the
environment from plant pests
II. To create lists of regulated pests
III. To produce lists of prohibited plants and
plant products
IV. To assist in identifying appropriate
management options

22. Menilai
kebarangkalian
risiko – risiko : 1. Kejayaan pencerobohan/kemasukan
perosak tumbuhan (Entry);
2. Keupayaan untuk hidup dan
membiak (Establishment);
3. Penyebaran (Spread); dan
4. Akibat/Impak
(Consequences/Impact).

23. WHEN IS
PRA
DONE? INITIATION
3 Ps to initiation
 Pest
 Pathway
 Policy

24. INITIATION –
1. PEST
1. Following detection of pest in
consignments
2. Outbreaks inside or outside of the PRA
area
3. Request for pest to be imported for
research
4. Overseas pest spread
5. Identification of an organism not
previously known to be a pest
6. Identification of a pest that may require
phytosanitary measures
7. Number of notification of non
compliance
 Uses a pest as the basis
for the PRA
 All possible pathways
need to be considered

25. INITIATION –
2. PATHWAY  Commonly new trade pathways
 Identification of a pathway that presents a
potential pest risk
 Uses a pathway as the basis for the PRA
 Additional PRAs are necessary for any
pests that are identified as potential
quarantine pests
 Initiation via new trade request
 Information gathering
I. Books & journals
II. Abstracting journals
III. On line literature searches
IV. Electronic sources
V. CABI Crop Protection
Compendium
VI. World Wide Web

26. INITIATION –
3. POLICY
 Review or revision of existing
phytosanitary policies and priorities

27. HOW IS
PRA
DONE? 1. Initiation (3 Ps)
2. Pest Risk
Assessment
3. Pest Risk
Management
Risk
communication

28. PEST RISK
ASSESSMENT
 Three step process
1. Categorization of individual pests
2. Assessment of the probability of
introduction and spread
3. Assessment of the potential economic
consequences of the introduction and
spread

29. PEST RISK
MANAGEMENT
 Defined as:
 the evaluation and selection of options
to reduce the risk of introduction and
spread of a pest. [ISPM No. 11]
 To achieve an appropriate level of
protection, governments must balance
measures to counter assessed risk, against
obligations to minimise negative trade
effects
 PRA aims to ensure the decisions will be
well-informed, transparent and neutral

30. PEST RISK
COMMUNICATION  Not a discrete stage of PRA
 Continuous throughout PRA
 Purpose is to reconcile the views of
scientists, stakeholders, politicians,
etc in order to
 Achieve a common understanding of
the pest risks
 Develop credible pest risk management
options

31. DOCUMENTATION
 Supports the IPPC key principle of
transparency
 Also, the main elements to document are
outlined in ISPM No. 11:
I. Purpose of the PRA
II. Pest, pest list, pathways, PRA area,
endangered area
III. Sources of information
IV. Categorized pest list
V. Conclusion of risk assessment
VI. Risk management options identified
VII. Options selected
VIII. Preparation of Import requirements

32. PRA PROCESS

34. 21
 DINEGARA PENGEKSPORT
 NPPO negara pengeksport perlu :
• Memastikan rawatan kuarantin yang berkesan dijalankan ke atas
komoditi yang dieksport dari negara pengeksport.
• Mengisytiharkan komoditi yang dieksport adalah bebas daripada
perosak kuarantin merbahaya dan perosak bukan kuarantin yang
dikawal.
KAWALAN PENGIMPORTAN TUMBUHAN DAN PRODUK
TUMBUHAN

35. 21
 DI NEGARA PENGIMPORT
 Penguatkuasaan dan pemeriksaan secara visual yang konsisten di pintu
masuk oleh Jabatan Perkhidmatan Kuarantin dan Pemeriksaan Malaysia
(Malaysian Quarantine and Inspection Services, MAQIS).
 MAQIS bekerjasama dengan DOA bagi pengambilan sampel untuk
tujuan penyaringan perosak dan Kuarantin Selepas Masuk (Post Entry
Quarantine).
KAWALAN PENGIMPORTAN TUMBUHAN DAN PRODUK
TUMBUHAN

36. DOKUMENTASI IMPORT
 Pemeriksaan kuarantin selepas masuk:
 Permit import Jabatan MAQIS
 Sijil fitosanitasi sekiranya dinyatakan keperluan didalam
permit import
 Sijil rawatan kuarantin (sekiranya rawatan tidak
dinyatakan di dalam permit import)
 Surat kelulusan JKTPMOBO (Bagi produk baja organic dan
mikroorganisma)
 Rekod Dose mapping & pelekat go-no go (bagi manga
dari Australia dan India)

37. Permit import
 Sila periksa syarat import –keperluan rawatan dan
dokumentasi diubah dari masa ke semasa bergantung
kepada keperluan semasa
 Pengambilan sampel bergantung kepada keperluan
permit
will take sample and send to Plant Biosecurity Unit-sampel
wajib diambil
Will take sample based on sign & symptom-sampel perlu
diambil jika ada simptom
Baja organik- sampel perlu diambil

40. Sijil fitosanitasi
 Maklumat komoditi, rawatan,
pengistiharaan tambahan (additional
declaration) didalam sijil sama seperti
permit
 Rawatan berbeza atau kadar rawatan
berbeza-sila rujuk Jabatan Pertanian
 No permit diletakan didalam sijil
 Keraguan sijil-sila rujuk Jabatan
Pertanian
 Sekiranya rawatan tidak dinyatakan-
perlu rujuk sijil rawatan

41. Sijil rawatan kuarantin
 Perlu sekiranya rawatan tidak
dinyatakan didalam sijil
fitosanitasi

42. Surat Kelulusan JKTPMOBO
 Diperlukan bagi baja
organik
 Tempoh sah laku 2
tahun

43. KESIMPULAN
 Kawalan ke atas Pengimportan Tumbuhan, Produk
Tumbuhan dan Artikel Terkawal adalah penting bagi
menjamin kelestarian ekosistem dan biodiversiti Negara.
 Analisis Risiko Perosak adalah penting dalam penentuan
risiko – risiko perosak, dan kaedah – kaedah
pencegahan kemasukan perosak tersebut.
 Keperluan pengimportan (syarat – syarat import)
ditentukan berdasarkan Analisis Risiko Perosak.

44. Unit Kawalan Import & PRA,
Seksyen Kawalan Import & Penguatkuasaan,
Bahagian Biosekuriti Tumbuhan, Jabatan Pertanian.
Talian hotline : 03-2030 1400 (Unit) /03-20301425
(Hussain)
E-mel : pradoamy13@gmail.com
/unitimportpra@doa.gov.my
No. faks : 03-2697 7164
Laman web jabatan pertanian : www.doa.gov.my
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