Summary about salivary glands including anatomy, physiology & pathology

1. alivary
bandsso
des
Anatomical considerations -
x major
.Two Parotid glands
-
Two sub-mandibular
desai man ances, consin in ensure
is
n
-Two sub-lingual
x 3400 minor salivary 91.
ParotidGland.
*
The largest Salivary gland Par. 6 - this + Watary fluid
sub Lin+ submangmucus+ thicker
*
Boundaries of
the parotid compartment
-superior border ->
Zygoma
-posterior border->
External Auditory canal "EAC"
- Inferior border- Styloid Process And musculature Internal CA
jugular U.
-
Anterior borders
Diagonal line Draw from the Zygomatic Root to EAC
*
80% of
the gland over the Masseter M. and mandible
20% of
the gland Retromandibular Portion
*
The Parotid Duct "Stensen's Duct"Arises from the Anter. border of
Parotid.
* It
open in the second maxillary molar.
*
It
Divides to two surgical zones "Superficial And Deep"by
VisCN
*
*ITCN gives Rise to?
Divisions (temperofacial "upper", cervicofaical "Lower"
Approximately 1.3 cm from stylomastoid foramen.
sub-mandibular Glando
*
Wharton's Dust
empties into the intraoral cavity lateral to the
Lingual frenulum of the Anterior floor of
mouth.
sub-lingual Salivary Gland:-
*
The smallest
of
the major salivary glands
X
sub-lingual gland has no true facial capsule.
*
Drained By Approximately
10 small ducts "the Ducts of
Rivinus"

2. function of
Saliva. -
cleansing the teeth
Labricates food During mastication and swallowing
Chemical Digestion of
Starches through the Action of
A
mylase, Breaks Down Polysaccharides into Dis-Accharides.
Disorders of
minor salivary or
Extra-Vasation CYSts "Mucocele of
MSC"
Tumours" Rare but
90% are malignant, Ulceration At
late stage
Benign tumours" Ulceration is Rave"
Behigh
tumours[)1cm
-
Removed by
Excisional biopsy
> 1 cm -
prior incisional biopsy is Done.
Malignant tumours excision which may involve low-level or total
Maxillectory And immediate Reconstruction.
A-
Extra-vastion syst
B-
Benign tumor
A B C a. Malignant to mot
Disorder of Sub-lingual 6:-
Plunging Ranula=
Mucocele of
SL6 Rave
-Penetrates Myohyoid M. to Enter Neck
[surgical Excision via neck
Tumours Rave 990% Malignant)
A-B-C -
Ranula
D-E-SLSC tumor
Disorder of
Sub-Mandibular 6:-
A cute Siala-denitis viral (Mumps(
[ is acterial Move common"
i
nflammation of
one or more of x
secondary to obstruction "stone"
salivary glands
* poor to Recover, treat by Antibiotics (AbX), Chronicity
Requires surgical Excision.
Chronic Siala-Denit its
*
Commonly
due to obstruction
"Stone formation 80%
Salviary stones occur in SMSG"
*
High mucous content
X Acute Paniful, swelling Rapidly,Resolves within rich
* teret
by surgical Excision.

3. Tumors
* Uncommon, slow growing, painless
* Only 50% are benign
* Investigations [CT, MRI, FNAC, No open biobsy]
*
Treatment
smashes winesismiss
Disorder of
Parotid G:-
Common cause of
Parotid swelling
·
Mumps" Viral"
·
Acute Bacterial Siala-deit is
Tumors
-obsinncy...is
sisten
·
Acute Bacterial Parotitis
· ·
Adenoma (80-90%) or carcinoma
Tumors
parotidare:
more.he
·
Low grade tumors like acinic cell carcinoma are not Distinguishable from benigh.
·
High grade Tumors grow Rapidly, Painful and Nodal metastasis
nee ·
Shvastigations [CT, MRI, FNAC better than open biopsy]
·
Treatment
Excised And Not Enucleated
superficial Parotidectomy -
most
common procedure.
Radical Parotidectomy -
High grade malignancy.
Sjogren syndrome
·
A ID causing progressive Degeneration of
Salivary and Lachrymal gland
·
MucoSal Atrophy (80-95%) of
oral aspects, 36 Enlargement
-30%
fungal
oral Dry =
nfection
·
oral manifestations (yogomia?
S6 Enlar., candidiasis
Dental caries and taste BYS functions
·
Investigations (Sialometry, Sialography, Scintigraphy A radioactive tracer
Sialochemistry, UIs, biopsy (
.
Treatment ->
Symptomatic (Immunosuppressive therapy"Steroid, Cytotoxic"
in