Summary about dysphagia including Hx, examinations, ddx & Tx

1. Dysphagia:Any Difficulty swallowing.
3.
I havengeanceasarecentinitiatingtheanswer
the Esophagus towards the stomach.
3.5 Motility.
Relatedshagia werewears
Paine
*
Aphagia- snability to swallow
xody no-phagia painful swallowing.
Etiology or causes of
Dysphagia 8 -
A
=
sro-Pharyngeal
·-
ReedDysphagia,
*
Neurological Disorderthe
Can 2 -
Brain tumor
DYS Phagi a
I
swai
e
-Stroke
3 -
Neuro-Degenrative Diseases
· Parkinson Disease
· Al-zheimer Disease
*
Muscular Disorders
1- Progressive Muscular Dystrophies
2= Myasthenia grav is
natural
hagia, insection of
sustain inthe
· Epiglottixis
· Acute tonsillit is
·
MucoSitis caused by Radiation therapy or Chemotherapy
2- ovo-Pharyngeal cancer
3- Zenker Diverticulum
*
GFRD
B-Esophageal
Dysphagininein
*
[SoPLageal hypermobility Disorders
x Esophagitis
*
Esophageal webs
*
[SoPhaSeal Rings "SchatzkiRing"
*
EsoPhaSeal Cancer
X Esophageal Divertical um
*
As condition"crown Disease"
x thyro-megaly
X cardiac DYsPhagia
*
Hiatal hern; a

2. Clinical features of
Dysphagia, -
A- ora-Pharyngeal Dysphagia- Difficulty Initiating swallowing
·
may be Associated with coughing or a
choking
Nasal Regurgitation
·
Re current Pneumonia aspiration
· voice changes
B-EsoPhageal DysPhagia :.simptoms occur seconds after swallowing
· Sensation of
food getting stuck within the Esophagus
The features for malignancy as the underlying etiology.
&GS Bleeding Clematemisis, melena, Anemials
a
2. Weight
loss
3 50 years
I 4 symptom Progression 24 months
⑨ A
3 Recurrent vomiting
6 Mx. of cancer
Diagnosis of
Dysphagia.-
A- oro-Pharyngeal Dysphagia -> Modified Barium Swallow
B-Esophageal DYS Phagia -> Patient
with Red flag or Patient > Soy- Endoscopy
↳
Patient >50 Y with no Red flags-4W Acid Suppression therapy PPI, He Al
C. Neuro-smaging (Stroke, tumor or Neuro-Degenerative Diseases) before Endo ScaPY.
CT, MR ?, PFT,X-Ray
D- Lab. Studies (Auto-sumune, Inflammatory (
Treatment of DyPhagia:-
-
focus on symptom control, minimize aspiration Risk and ensure Adequate Nutrition.
5 - Swallowing Rehabilitation -
minimize Aspiration Risk
51-Optimization of
nutrition (Dief Modifications "May be include Temporary NO tube feeding In Patient with Acute stroke
151 -
Mansement
underlying cause Pharmacotherapy,PPI, HeAnas, Botox
injections, steroids, opioids
complication of
DYSPhagia:-
*
Aspiration Pneumonia
*
cough
*
Malnutrition
[ Surgical
a
main
any
in
its
mini
syyyyniniji,
yi
*
Anorexia
*
Choking