This document discusses several topics related to organic and ecological architecture, including postmodernism, vernacular architecture, and key figures. Postmodernism emerged as a reaction to modernism and its dogmas, characterized by skepticism and sensitivity to political and economic power dynamics. Vernacular architecture refers to traditional architecture unique to particular cultures and regions. The document also profiles influential organic architects like Bernhard Hans Henry Schouen, known for designing the Berliner Philharmonie, and discusses David Pearson's "Gaia Charter," which outlines principles for sustainable, organic design that grows out of its site.
1. Neorealism and metabolism
Postmodernism
ISSUES OF ECOLOGICAL AND ORGANIC ARCHITECTURE OF THE CITIES
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3. • POSTMODERNISM
• Postmodernism is an eclectic, colorful style of
architecture and the decorative arts that appeared
from the late 1970s and continues in some form
today.
• It emerged as a reaction to Modernism and the
Modern Movement and the dogmas associated
with it.
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4. PREMISES UPON POST-MODERNISM
• postmodernism, also spelled post-modernism, in
Western philosophy, a late 20th-century movement
characterized by broad
• skepticism,
• subjectivism,
• relativism,
• general suspicion of reason,
acute sensitivity to the role of ideology in asserting and
maintaining political and economic power.
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11. VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE
• Weaverbird nest
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12. BERNHARD HANS HENRY SCHAROUN
• 1893 – 1972, he was a German architect, best known for designing
the Berliner Philharmonie.
• He was an key person in the organic and expressionist architecture.
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14. Inspired by his
in the world of
Wright coined
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17. DAVID PEARSON - GAIA CHARTER
• David Pearson set out a set of rules surrounding organic design called
the Gaia Charter.
• These state that an organic design and plan should not only be
inspired by nature but also be sustainable;
• be inspired by nature and be sustainable, healthy, conserving, and
diverse.
• unfold, like an organism, from the seed within
• exist in the "continuous present"
• follow the flows and be flexible and adaptable
• satisfy social, physical, and spiritual needs
• "grow out of the site" and be unique
• celebrate the spirit of youth, play and surprise
• express the rhythm of music and the power of dance
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20. Neo-expressionism in architecture movement became popular beginning in the 1950s and 1960
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21. 1950 - 1960
Neo-expressionism
in architecture in architecture in architecture
in architecture in architecture in architecture
in architecture in architecture in architecture
in architecture in architecture in architecture
in architecture in architecture in architecture
in architecture in architecture in architecture
in architecture in architecture in architecture
in architecture in architecture in architecture
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23. 1950 “Autumn Rhythm” by Jackson Pollock
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24. 1955 “Search” by Jackson Pollock
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26. Fallingwater, Kaufmann Residence, by Frank Lloyd Wrigh
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27. INSPIRED BY WRIGHT
• Many any other architects – including Louis Sullivan, Claude
Bragdon, Eugene Tsui and Paul Laffoley in the US; and Hugo Häring,
Alvar Aalto, Hans Scharoun, Antoni Gaudi, and Rudolf Steiner in
Europe – continued the style.
• Meanwhile, noteworthy modern day practitioners of organic design
include Kendrick Bangs Kellogg, Bart Prince, Javier Senosiain, Eric
Corey Freed, Shirish Beri and Associates, Peter Cook, Colin Fournier,
Thomas Heatherwick, and Robert Harvey Oshatz.
• In line with the times and the emergence of a sophisticated
understanding of sustainability and concepts like embodied carbon,
these modern day practitioners have overseen the evolution of
organic architecture. They view choice of materials as a key
consideration, and they tend to avoid geometric shapes or linear
design in their work.
• Instead, they favour curves and often leave natural materials, like
rocks and so forth exposed.
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28. NEO-EXPRESSIONISM
• Movement in European and American art of the 1970 - 1980s.
• The paintings by neo-expressionist artists were distinguished by an
aggressive manner of execution and combined primitivism and
emotionality.
• The artists expressed social protest, expression, rage with bright
colors and multicomponent textures, they painted on every
accessible surface – from traditional canvas to city building walls.
• Creativity won its freedom to choose expressive means, materials,
topics and ways of expressing the author’s inner world, reduced
the control of the mind and the laws of logic over the subconscious
of the artist and viewer.
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32. Palácio do Planalto, Brasília, Brasil by Oscar Niemeyer
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33. Sea Terminal in Baku 1970, architects - Ahundov, Shulgin and Orlova-Stroganova
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34. Sydney Opera House, by Jørn Utzon (1973)
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35. Quite an interesting report, and well documented. One point to
be aware of: Modernism cannot be confused with Beaux Arts,
Art Deco and Organic styles. Also we shall now be very careful
when using International Style; that wording was formulated in
1932 by Philip Johnson and Arthur Drexler for the MoMA
Exhibition of the Functional Architecture which was nothing
else than the Modernism's expression, still developing today and
today we are In 2022.
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40. MODERNISM ARCHITECTURE & ORGANIC ARCHITECTURE:
• Beaux-Arts
• Art-Deco
• International Style
• Brutalism
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41. Falkestrasse rooftop "broke every rule"
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42. COOP HIMMELB - FALKESTRASSE ROOFTOP
• Austrian studio Coop Himmelb's rooftop extension on Falkestrasse
in Vienna was one of the earliest completed deconstructionist
buildings. Continuing our series reinvestigating the style, we look at
the dramatic loft conversion.
• Created as an extension to law firm Schuppich, Sporn,
Winischhofer's office on Falkestrasse, the rooftop structure ignored
many of the area's planning regulations.
• Prix attributes the studio being allowed to build the dramatic
structure to a meeting with the mayor, who determined that the
design was not architecture, but a work of art.
• "So we went to the mayor and he said these things we had made
are not an architecture thesis this is art," Prix added. "And I said
please write that down as art cannot be controlled by codes. The
only codes we followed were for safety."
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