The document discusses the history and evolution of integrating architecture with the landscape. It begins by mentioning how early humans first integrated caves into their living spaces. In later centuries, as urbanization increased, people sought ways to incorporate natural elements into cities through projects like landscape parks. The document specifically examines the works of Frank Lloyd Wright in the 19th century, which consciously integrated architecture with its natural surroundings. It explores various interpretations that emerged from this integration approach, such as building coherently with the landscape and using local materials. Overall, the document traces the development of combining architecture with the environment from early times to modern concepts of ecological and sustainable design.

1. Integration in Architecture
GREEN, MULTI PROPOSAL, HEALTH, SUSTAINABLE SOCIETY, INCLUDIBLE ARCHITECTURE
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6. TOWARDS TO INTEGRATION
• The first unconscious manifestations of integration in
space can already be seen in prehistoric times, when
man adapted the cave for his home.
• Over the next centuries, conscious shaping of the
space and its urbanization made people search for
ways to introduce natural elements into the
urbanized space.
• In the 18th and 19th century, projects were
implemented in response to the excessive and
uncontrolled industrialization of cities in the form of
landscape parks.
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7. FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT (1867-1959)
• Conscious actions to integrate the architecture and
landscape were initiated in the 19th century (e.g. the
garden city by E. Howard), in which its architectural
context appears together
• works by Frank Lloyd Wright (1867-1959)
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8. COMPARISON OF SELECTED INTERPRETATIONS
IN ARCHITECTURE AND LANDSCAPE
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9. WRIGHT’S ORGANIC ARCHITECTURE
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13. ACTIONS LED TO INTERPRETATIONS
• building coherent with the surroundings
• blending in the landscape
• close connection between the architecture and
existing context
• form and function united
• references to the tradition of the local place
• natural and local materials the most famous system in
use
• open plan
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17. ECOLOGICAL AND SOCIAL ARCHITECTURE
• use of ecological and pro-environmental solutions
• combination with the social participation
• healthy design close to human and nature
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18. FUTURISTIC ARCHITECTURE
• Production of self-sufficient units – ecopolis
• being a response to the climate change and to
• the need of protecting the natural environment;
• The use of eco-friendly, smart solutions,
• integrated renewable energy sources (e.g. no
• CO2 emissions, solar panels, wind turbines or
• water purification and storage systems);
• Ecological cultivation of plankton and algae;
• farms and gardens;
• Sustainable urban agriculture
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19. BJARKE INGELS
AND COPENHILL POWER PLANT
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20. A
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21. A
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22. Municipal waste Treatment of Denmark
waste to energy
landfill
recycled
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24. A
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25. A
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26. A
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27. A
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28. A
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29. A
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30. A
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31. A
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32. A
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33. A
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34. A
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35. A
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36. A
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37. A
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38. A
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39. A
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40. A
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41. A
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42. A
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43. A
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44. A
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45. A
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46. A
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47. A
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48. A
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N
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:

49. A
.
P
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F
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N
C
E
:

50. A
.
P
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i
l
i
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p
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J
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M
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N
C
E
:

51. A
.
P
h
i
l
i
p
p
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J
r
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.
W
.
M
.
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C
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:

52. A
.
P
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l
i
p
p
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J
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.
W
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M
.
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H
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n
o
v
,
R
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F
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R
E
N
C
E
:

53. PIXEL / STUDIO505
• The Former CUB Brewery site is the location for one of
Melbourne’s most significant and ambitious developments.
Located at a key urban site, the project has been the
subject of long discussion and speculation, culminating in
the multi-faceted and multi-authored scheme now
underway.
• The brief for Pixel was to provide a 6 Star Greenstar Carbon
Neutral home for the Development team and Sales Offices,
a display suite area and a green roof top viewing area, for
the duration of the development’s construction and sales
phase.
• Pixel has achieved a perfect score of 100 under the
Greenstar rating system, with 75 points the benchmark for
6 Star Greenstar. It gained an extra five points for
innovation, equating to world leadership. Included in Pixel’s
five innovation points were points for carbon neutrality, a
vacuum toilet system, the anaerobic digestion system and
reduced car parking. Pixel is also being assessed under the
USA LEED and UK BREEAM rating systems, aiming to
exceed the highest score yet achieved under either of
those tools.
A
.
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:

54. A
.
P
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l
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:

55. A
.
P
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M
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:

56. A
.
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:

57. A
.
P
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:

58. A
.
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:

59. A
.
P
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M
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:

60. A
.
P
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W
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M
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:

61. A
.
P
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l
i
p
p
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J
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f
.
W
.
M
.
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.
H
u
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y
n
o
v
,
R
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R
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N
C
E
:

62. A
.
P
h
i
l
i
p
p
i
J
r
f
.
W
.
M
.
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i
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K
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.
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.
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.
H
u
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y
n
o
v
,
R
E
F
E
R
E
N
C
E
:

63. ROLE OF INTEGRATION OF ARCHITECTURE
• The public spaces of many cities and towns face
numerous issues, manifested by the broadly
understood disintegration of both social and spatial
aspects (e.g. vanishing
• neighbourhood bonds and communities, the city
space, and the commercialization or neglect of public
spaces
• The search for methods for the broadly
• understood integration in space proves necessary,
and even the precondition for harmonious
development and the effective functioning of a
community
• Integration of architecture and landscape can be
understood and interpreted spatially in different ways
A
.
P
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H
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v
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R
E
F
E
R
E
N
C
E
:

64. ROLE OF INTEGRATION OF ARCHITECTURE
• It is pursued not only through references to organic
shapes, but also through the use of the site context in
order to blend the architecture with its surroundings,
to make references to historical and cultural motifs,
the use of which allows people to create spaces that
are functionally and narratively coherent, to
“domesticate" the space by introducing the idea of
agrarian urbanism, urban gardening and agriculture
into the urbanised space, combining ecological
solutions with art, allowing the passing time for a
slow but permanent blurring of differences between
cultural and natural elements, as well as using
symbolism and philosophy.
A
.
P
h
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l
i
p
p
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J
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f
.
W
.
M
.
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.
H
u
s
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y
n
o
v
,
R
E
F
E
R
E
N
C
E
:

65. ISSUES OF PUBLİC SPACE
A
.
P
h
i
l
i
p
p
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J
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.
W
.
M
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C
E
:

66. A
.
P
h
i
l
i
p
p
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J
r
f
.
W
.
M
.
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.
H
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,
R
E
F
E
R
E
N
C
E
:

67. A
.
P
h
i
l
i
p
p
i
J
r
f
.
W
.
M
.
R
i
s
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F
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.
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.
K
.
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.
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.
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.
H
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s
e
y
n
o
v
,
R
E
F
E
R
E
N
C
E
:

68. A
.
P
h
i
l
i
p
p
i
J
r
f
.
W
.
M
.
R
i
s
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.
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.
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.
H
u
s
e
y
n
o
v
,
R
E
F
E
R
E
N
C
E
:

69. A
.
P
h
i
l
i
p
p
i
J
r
f
.
W
.
M
.
R
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.
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.
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.
F
.
H
u
s
e
y
n
o
v
,
R
E
F
E
R
E
N
C
E
:

70. SHAPING CONTEMPORARY URBAN SPACES
• blend the architecture with its surroundings
• make references to historical and cultural motifs
• allows people to create spaces that are functionally
and narratively coherent
• agrarian urbanism, urban gardening and agriculture
into the urbanised space
• combining ecological solutions with art
• allowing the passing time for a slow but permanent
blurring of differences between cultural and natural
elements
• using symbolism and philosophy.
A
.
P
h
i
l
i
p
p
i
J
r
f
.
W
.
M
.
R
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.
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.
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.
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.
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y
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,
R
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F
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R
E
N
C
E
:

71. A
.
P
h
i
l
i
p
p
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J
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f
.
W
.
M
.
R
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.
F
.
B
.
B
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e
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o
,
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r
o
f
.
K
.
M
.
M
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h
d
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,
P
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.
G
.
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.
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.
H
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y
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o
v
,
R
E
F
E
R
E
N
C
E
:

72. A
.
P
h
i
l
i
p
p
i
J
r
f
.
W
.
M
.
R
i
s
s
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.
K
.
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.
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.
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.
H
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s
e
y
n
o
v
,
R
E
F
E
R
E
N
C
E
:

73. A
.
P
h
i
l
i
p
p
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J
r
f
.
W
.
M
.
R
i
s
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K
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.
M
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.
H
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s
e
y
n
o
v
,
R
E
F
E
R
E
N
C
E
:

74. A
.
P
h
i
l
i
p
p
i
J
r
f
.
W
.
M
.
R
i
s
s
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F
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,
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f
.
K
.
M
.
M
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d
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,
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.
N
.
F
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.
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.
H
u
s
e
y
n
o
v
,
R
E
F
E
R
E
N
C
E
:

75. A
.
P
h
i
l
i
p
p
i
J
r
f
.
W
.
M
.
R
i
s
s
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G
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F
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B
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,
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f
.
K
.
M
.
M
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d
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,
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G
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N
.
F
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F
.
H
u
s
e
y
n
o
v
,
R
E
F
E
R
E
N
C
E
:

76. A
.
P
h
i
l
i
p
p
i
J
r
f
.
W
.
M
.
R
i
s
s
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G
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F
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B
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B
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,
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.
K
.
M
.
M
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,
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.
F
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.
F
.
H
u
s
e
y
n
o
v
,
R
E
F
E
R
E
N
C
E
:

77. A
.
P
h
i
l
i
p
p
i
J
r
f
.
W
.
M
.
R
i
s
s
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G
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F
.
B
.
B
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,
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f
.
K
.
M
.
M
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d
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,
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.
N
.
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.
F
.
H
u
s
e
y
n
o
v
,
R
E
F
E
R
E
N
C
E
:

78. A
.
P
h
i
l
i
p
p
i
J
r
f
.
W
.
M
.
R
i
s
s
o
G
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n
t
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r
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r
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f
.
F
.
B
.
B
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e
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,
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f
.
K
.
M
.
M
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d
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,
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G
.
N
.
F
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d
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,
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.
E
.
F
.
H
u
s
e
y
n
o
v
,
R
E
F
E
R
E
N
C
E
:

79. A
.
P
h
i
l
i
p
p
i
J
r
f
.
W
.
M
.
R
i
s
s
o
G
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t
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f
.
F
.
B
.
B
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e
n
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,
P
r
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f
.
K
.
M
.
M
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h
d
i
,
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f
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G
.
N
.
F
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r
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d
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,
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.
E
.
F
.
H
u
s
e
y
n
o
v
,
R
E
F
E
R
E
N
C
E
:

80. STEFANO BOERI
NORMAN FOSTER
A
.
P
h
i
l
i
p
p
i
J
r
f
.
W
.
M
.
R
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s
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F
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B
.
B
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f
.
K
.
M
.
M
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.
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.
F
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F
.
H
u
s
e
y
n
o
v
,
R
E
F
E
R
E
N
C
E
:

81. A
.
P
h
i
l
i
p
p
i
J
r
f
.
W
.
M
.
R
i
s
s
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G
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f
.
F
.
B
.
B
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,
P
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f
.
K
.
M
.
M
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d
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,
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.
N
.
F
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E
.
F
.
H
u
s
e
y
n
o
v
,
R
E
F
E
R
E
N
C
E
:

82. A
.
P
h
i
l
i
p
p
i
J
r
f
.
W
.
M
.
R
i
s
s
o
G
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t
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r
,
r
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f
.
F
.
B
.
B
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,
P
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f
.
K
.
M
.
M
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d
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,
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G
.
N
.
F
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E
.
F
.
H
u
s
e
y
n
o
v
,
R
E
F
E
R
E
N
C
E
:

83. A
.
P
h
i
l
i
p
p
i
J
r
f
.
W
.
M
.
R
i
s
s
o
G
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r
,
r
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f
.
F
.
B
.
B
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e
n
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,
P
r
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f
.
K
.
M
.
M
a
h
d
i
,
P
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f
.
G
.
N
.
F
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r
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.
E
.
F
.
H
u
s
e
y
n
o
v
,
R
E
F
E
R
E
N
C
E
:

84. EFFECTS
• sustainable construction industry,
• pro-ecological architecture, landscape engineering,
• symbiosis of the human being, nature and technology,
• new society living in harmony with nature,
• civilizational achievements utilizing natural resources,
macro-scale objectives,
• new forms of mankind’s functioning in the constant
localisation and climate change
A
.
P
h
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l
i
p
p
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J
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f
.
W
.
M
.
R
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B
.
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.
K
.
M
.
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N
.
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.
F
.
H
u
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y
n
o
v
,
R
E
F
E
R
E
N
C
E
: